EE4410 - Electrical Services for Buildings

Assignment 1: Lighting Design

Name: Ranasinghe J. A. G. G.

Index No: 200510R

Introduction
The total space of the room is divided into two areas depending on the lighting requirements.

1) Common Area
2) Individual Study Area

The students can use common area for group discussions and project works while the individual study area can be used for
individual study purposes. The proposed arrangement can accommodate 56 students.

suggested arrangement of the final year study room

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 Inside view of the study room

Room Dimensions and Design Parameters

The basic dimensions of the final year study room are given below. The other dimensions are also taken and used them
when modelling the study room in DIALUX software.

Dimension Value (m)

length 14.5
width 9.4
height 3.4

Following design parameters have been selected for the lighting design.

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Illuminance level

The European standard for lighting of work places, BS EN 12464-1:2021 has been followed in the lighting design of the
final year study room. The lighting requirements specified by the standards are determined by visual comfort, visual
performance and safety. According to the clause 7 of the aforementioned standard, specific lighting requirements are
tabulated for different tasks/activities. The two areas inside the room have two lighting requirements. The lighting design
for the common area has been done according to the lighting requirement of a library reading area (41.2) and for the
individual study area, educational building demonstration table (44.8) requirements have been adopted. The corresponding
lighting requirements as specified in the standard are show below.

Ref. no. Type of task/activity area Required illuminance (lx)

41.2 Reading area 500
44.8 Demonstration table 750

Maintenance factor

Maintenance factor has to be calculated from the following formula as specified in ISO/CIE TS 22012 technical
specifications. However, in this design, a fixed maintenance factor of 0.8 is assumed.

Reflectance of surfaces

All the materials are selected according to the following criteria.

Type of surface Reflectance

Slab 0.9
Wall 0.8
Floor 0.2
Table surfaces 0.2
Glasses 0.1
Other 0.2 – 0.7

These values are based on the recommended values specified in BS EN 12464-1:2021. For the walls and slab the maximum
reflectance values are taken in to consideration to achieve an energy efficient design. Table surfaces have no reflective
coating so that it prevents discomfort due to light reflections (glare).

Lighting Design and Fixture Selection

Luminaires/lamps

The room space is illuminated by the following luminaire types. All types are mounted on the surface of the slab. No ceiling
fans have been considered in the lighting design and the light obstruction from the beams is taken into account when
selecting the location of luminaire. In addition to the main lights, three emergency lights, which are located under the beams
have been included. Since this is a study area colour temperate (CCT) of the lamps are taken as 6500K which will be visually
comfort for the students. The colour rendering index of the selected lamps are 80 which is the typical value for this kind of

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activities. The LED lamps have long lifespan and high luminous efficacy values in range 70 to 220 lm/W. So, as an energy
efficient solution, LED lamps are integrated in the design. The total power consumption of the lights is 828W including
12W outdoor lamp. The specification of the luminaires/lamps can be found below.

Individual study area

Name: PANEL COMFORT 625 UGR<19 PS 33W 865 U19 PS

Manufacturer: LEDVANCE

Common area

Name: TRUSYS® FLEX NARROW 35W 865 N CL WT DALI

Manufacturer: LEDVANCE

Lighting Design

Several simulations have been done in DIALUX to select the type of the luminaires, lamps and optimum locations of the
luminaires. As the final design, the following arrangement of lights is proposed.

The following figure represents the Isolux curves, false colours and illuminance value grid of the proposed lighting design.
As you can see, the working planes are illuminated according to the requirements. Average illuminance for both planes are
greater than the corresponding minimum illuminance level.
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Simulation results of DIALUX software

Inside view of the room when lighted up

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An emergency light scene is also simulated.

Inside view when the emergency lights are turned on

Comparison between manual calculations and simulation results

Two calculation points have been selected as show in the following figure.

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Point A – The point on the working plane of common area, which is directly under the emergency light installed in the center of that area.

Point B – The point on the working plane of individual study area, which is directly under the emergency light installed in the center of that area.

Point by point method for point A

Simulation result – 866 lx (711 lx of direct illuminance)

Following drawings can be used to calculate the relevant angles for each luminaire.

L3 L4

L2 L1

ε
0.917
2.685 m

𝜀 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) = 18.86°
2.685

Point A
0.917 m

The polar plot of the luminaire is shown below. The black curve represents luminous intensity along transverse direction
and orange curve represents luminous intensity along luminaire axis. Since the point A is located along transverse direction,
the corresponding intensity for 18.86 degree is 450 cd/klm. The total flux of the lamp is 5800 lm.

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From inverse square low,

𝐼𝜀
𝐸𝜀 = × 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 (𝜀)
ℎ2
450 × 5.8
𝐸18.86 = × 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 (18.86° ) = 306.8 𝑙𝑥
2.6852

In a similar manner, the lux contribution from other luminaires can be calculated. The calculated values are shown in the
following table.

Luminaire number Illuminance (lux)

1 306.8
2 28.4
3 19.4
4 62

When calculating the illuminance for L3 and L4 in the figure above, luminous intensity is guessed as they don’t lie in either
luminaire axis or transverse axis. So, the results can subject to calculation errors.

Now, the illuminance from all luminaires in the common area can be derived since the lighting arrangement is symmetrical
around the calculation point A. Illuminance contribution from luminaires in the individual study area can be neglected.

𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 306.8 ∗ 2 + 28.4 ∗ 2 + 38.8 ∗ 4 + 62 ∗ 4 = 996 𝑙𝑥

The simulation result was 866 lx and the calculated illuminance is 996 lx. The reason for this mismatch can be the guessed
values for L3 and L4, which can be incorrect. In the simulation both direct and indirect illuminance components are
considered but in manual point by point calculation, only the direct component is calculated. However, this can be a reason
when the simulation result is higher than the calculated value.
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Point by point method for point B

Simulation result - 680 lx

Following drawings can be used to calculate the relevant angles for each luminaire.

L4 L3

L1 L2

ε
2.65 m

0.99
𝜀 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) = 20.48°
2.65

Point B
0.99 m

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From polar plot of luminaire, the corresponding intensity for 20.48 degree is 475 cd/klm. The total flux of the lamp is 4320
lm. From inverse square low,

𝐼𝜀
𝐸𝜀 = × 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 (𝜀)
ℎ2
475 × 4.32
𝐸20.48 = × 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 (20.48° ) = 240.2 𝑙𝑥
2.652

In a similar manner, the lux contribution from other luminaires can be calculated. The calculated values are shown in the
following table.

Luminaire number Illuminance (lux)

1 240.2
2 46
3 9.34
4 23
Now, the illuminance from all luminaires in the individual study area can be derived since the lighting arrangement is
symmetrical around the calculation point B. Illuminance contribution from luminaires in the common area can be neglected.

𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 240.2 ∗ 2 + 46 ∗ 2 + 9.34 ∗ 4 + 23 ∗ 4 = 701.76 𝑙𝑥

The simulation result was 680 lx and the calculated illuminance is 701.76 lx. As in the previous case, when calculating
illuminance contribution of L4, an error could be happened. So, there is a mismatch between simulation results and the
calculated values.

Conclusions
• The final year study room is to be illuminated by 12 number of 35W linear type LED lamps and 12 number of 33W
square type LED lamps.
• Power consumption for the inside illumination is 816W and the average efficacy is 149 lm/W.
• The minimum illuminance requirement of common area is 750 lx and the proposed design achieved 758 lx.
• The minimum illuminance requirement of individual study area is 500 lx and the proposed design achieved 569 lx.
• The simulation results indicate that the proposed lighting arrangement provides uniform illumination, minimizing
glare.

Recommendations
• Cleaning luminaires periodically to maintain the required illumination levels and extend their lifespan.
• In the daytime, some amount of natural light can be utilized through the windows in the backside of the room, which
will save the energy.
• Dimmable LED drivers can be used to control the luminous flux of the lamps when the lighting requirements are
lower.

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