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CH 01

The document provides an introduction to programming, covering the importance of programming languages, the role of a programmer, and the different types of programming languages including machine, assembly, and high-level languages. It emphasizes the necessity of programming for career opportunities and problem-solving skills, as well as the function of interpreters and compilers in translating source code. Additionally, it discusses the significance of operating systems in managing computer activities.

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19 views14 pages

CH 01

The document provides an introduction to programming, covering the importance of programming languages, the role of a programmer, and the different types of programming languages including machine, assembly, and high-level languages. It emphasizes the necessity of programming for career opportunities and problem-solving skills, as well as the function of interpreters and compilers in translating source code. Additionally, it discusses the significance of operating systems in managing computer activities.

Uploaded by

AKRM YOUSSEF
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to programming

Computer Programming 1
Program: Intermediate Diploma in Programming and Computer Science

Course Code: APPC121

Amira Alotaibi

College: Applied College

Institution: University Of Jeddah


Programming Languages
❑ Programs

❑ Why lean programming

❑ The role of programmer

❑ Machine Language

❑ Assembly Language

❑ High-Level Language

❑ Popular High-Level Languages

❑ Interpreting/Compiling Source Code

❑ Interpreting Source Code

❑ Compiling Source Code


Programs

• Computer programs (known as software), are instructions to the computer.

• You tell a computer what to do through programs.

• Without programs, a computer is an empty machine.

• Computers do not understand human languages, so you need to use computer languages to

communicate with them.

• Programs are written using programming languages.


Why learn programming?

• Career opportunities: Software development, data analysis, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity,

etc.

• Problem-Solving skills: Develop logical thinking and creativity.

• Impact: Create apps, games, websites, and automate tasks.


The role of a programmer

• The role of a programmer:

➢ Write, test, and maintain code.

➢ Debug errors and optimize software performance.

➢ Collaborate with teams to build software systems

• Skills needed: Logical thinking, attention to detail, patience


Programming Languages
- Machine Language

• Machine language is a set of primitive instructions built into every


computer.
• The instructions are in the form of binary code, so you have to enter
binary codes for various instructions.
• Program with native machine language is a tedious process.
• Moreover, the programs are highly difficult to read and modify.
• For example, to add two numbers, you might write an instruction in
binary like this:
1101101010011010
Programming Languages
- Assembly Language
• Assembly languages were developed to make programming easy.
• Since the computer cannot understand assembly language, however,
a program called assembler is used to convert assembly language
programs into machine code.
• Writing code in assembly language is easier than in machine
language. However, it is still tedious to write code in assembly
language.
• For example, to add two numbers, you might write an instruction in
assembly code like this:
ADD 2, 3, result
Programming Languages
- High-Level Language
• The high-level languages are English-like and easy to learn and
program.
• Since the computer cannot understand high-level languages,
however, a program called interpreter, or compiler is used to convert
high-level language programs into machine code.
• For example, the following is a high-level language statement
(instruction) that computes the area of a circle with radius 5:
area = 5 * 5 * 3.1415
Popular High-Level Languages
Interpreting/Compiling Source Code

• The instructions in a high-level programming language are called


statements.
• A program written in a high-level language is called a source program or
source code.
• Because a computer cannot understand a source program, a source
program must be translated into machine code for execution.
• The translation can be done using another programming tool called an
interpreter or a compiler.
Interpreting Source Code

• An interpreter reads one statement from the source code, translates it to


the machine code or virtual machine code, and then executes it right
away.
• Note that a statement from the source code may be translated into
several machine instructions.
Compiling Source Code

A compiler translates the entire source code into a machine code file, and
the machine-code file is then executed.
Operating Systems

• The operating system (OS) is a program that


manages and controls a computer’s activities.
• You are probably using Windows 10, Linux, or
macOS.
• Windows is currently the most popular PC
operating system.
• Application programs- such as an Internet
browser and a word processor- cannot run
without an operating system.

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