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Bu3 Presentation-Module 1

The document provides an overview of acoustics, defining it as the science of sound phenomena in various contexts, including its production, transmission, and absorption. It details types of acoustics, properties of sound, sources of sound, and characteristics of sound, along with common acoustical defects. Key concepts include psychoacoustics, environmental acoustics, sound intensity, frequency, and various sound phenomena such as reflection, absorption, and reverberation.

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ANGELO MARCO SERAPIO
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94 views14 pages

Bu3 Presentation-Module 1

The document provides an overview of acoustics, defining it as the science of sound phenomena in various contexts, including its production, transmission, and absorption. It details types of acoustics, properties of sound, sources of sound, and characteristics of sound, along with common acoustical defects. Key concepts include psychoacoustics, environmental acoustics, sound intensity, frequency, and various sound phenomena such as reflection, absorption, and reverberation.

Uploaded by

ANGELO MARCO SERAPIO
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MODULE 1

OVERVIEW
01 DEFINITION OF ACOUSTICS 06 PROPERTIES OF SOUND

02 TYPES OF ACOUSTICS 07 NATURAL ELEMENTS THAT AFFECT


SOUND
03 DEFINITION OF SOUND 08 CHARACTERISTICS OF SOUND

04 SOURCES OF SOUND 09 ACOUSTICAL DEFECTS

05 TYPES OF SOUND
DEFINITION OF
ACOUSTICS:
the following are the various definitions of "acoustics" depending on its context
The science of sound phenomena in buildings dealing with the production,
transmission, and absorption of sound in order to secure the distinct conditions in
every part of the building or room.
The science of sound and vibration which refers to the stress fluctuations as well as
waves in a material medium.
An environmental technology on sound and noise control in a man-made
surrounding conducive to a clear understanding of speech, better appreciation of
music, and minimal noise interference.
The art and science of designing a room or building which insures both comfort and
communication, and provides special features as the purpose and use of the
structure requires.
TYPES OF ACOUSTICS

Psycho Acoustics – deals with the reaction of human beings to audible sound
Environmental Acoustics – deals with the effects of the environment upon audible
sound waves; may be broken down to Architectural Acoustics and Landscape Acoustics
Electro Acoustics – deals with the generation and detection of audible sound waves
Sonics – deals with the technical application of mechanical waves in basic scientific
research, industry, and medicine.
DEFINITION OF SOUND

Any vibratory motion of bodies, the transmission of these vibrations in a medium, ad the
sensation produced on the human auditory mechanism.
An alteration in pressure (particle displacement in velocity) projected and propagated in
an elastic material.
Form of energy propagated in waves which continue to subsist until filtered through a
material turning into heat by friction.
SOURCES OF SOUND

Speech – produced by the human voice


Music – produced by an instrument
Noise – produced by impact, by vibrating bodies, even by speech or music

TYPES OF SOUND

Wanted – sound heard as perfectly as possible at the right level or loudness without pain
or strain
Unwanted – sound which entails an annoyance factor
PROPERTIES OF SOUND

Sound must always have a source, a path, and a receiver. (see F1)
Speed – sound travels at 1130 ft. per second or 344 m. per second at normal room
temperature (68°F); sound travels faster in denser media.
Intensity – rate at which sound energy is being transmitted, measured at any point in
the medium; intensity diminishes inversely as the square of the distance.
decibel – the unit in which sound intensity is defined for architectural purposes
decibel-meter – instrument by which sound intensity is measured
Sound Pressure – the fluctuation in the atmospheric pressure caused by the vibration of
air particles due to a sound wave.
Loudness – subjective attribute of an auditory sensation in terms of which sounds may
be ordered on a scale of soft to loud.
PROPERTIES OF SOUND

Threshold of Audibility – minimum intensity that is capable of evoking an auditory


sensation in the ear.
Threshold of Pain – minimum sound pressure level which stimulates the ear to a point
which is painful
Frequency – the number of displacements or oscillations that a particle undergoes in 1
second.
hertz – unit of frequency; numerically equal to cycles per second
Pitch – the attribute of an auditory system which enables us to pinpoint sounds on a
scale extending from high to low frequency.
Tone – sound sensation having pitch.
Wavelength – the distance a sound wave travels during each complete cycle of vibration
measured in meters or feet.
Directional of Sound Sources – sound sources radiate sound waves in all directions;
radiation pattern varies with the frequency; high frequency sounds are more pronounced
along the longitudinal axis of the sound source.
NATURAL ELEMENTS THAT
AFFECT SOUND
Temperature – particles of sound tend to follow cold air
Clouds – if heavy, clouds can act as a reflecting surface
Wind – may change the direction of sound
Bodies of Water – can also act as a reflecting surface
CHARACTERISTICS OF
SOUND
Sound Reflection – sound reflected off a surface, usually one which is
hard, rigid and/or flat.
Sound Absorption – sound waves absorbed into a material upon
contact; change of sound energy into some other form
area of the surface by its sound absorption coefficient
Sound Diffusion – occurs when sound waves are dispersed equally in a
room
Sound Diffraction – acoustical phenomenon which causes sound waves
to be bent or scattered around such obstacles as corners, columns,
walls, beams, etc.
Sound Refraction – change of sound wave direction as it moves from
one medium to another of different density
Sound Transmission – sound which penetrates through a surface
Reverberation – the prolongation of sound as a result of successive
reflections in an enclosed space after the source of sound is turned off
CHARACTERISTICS OF
SOUND
ACOUSTICAL DEFECTS

Echo – sound waves which have been reflected to a listener with sufficient magnitude and time
delay so as to be perceived separately from those communicated directly from the source to the
listener.
Long-Delayed Reflection – similar to echo except that the time delay between the perception of
direct and reflected sounds is somewhat less.
Flutter Echo – a rapid succession of noticeable small echoes observed when a short burst of
sound is produced between parallel sound reflective surfaces.
Sound Concentration – sound reflections from concave surfaces concentrating in an area
sometimes referred to as hot spots. The intensity of sound at hot spots are always at the
expense of dead spots.
ACOUSTICAL DEFECTS

Coupled Spaces – two rooms adjacent to each other by means of open doorways, with at least
one space being highly reverberant.
Distortion – an undesirable change in the quality of musical sound due to the uneven and
excessive sound absorption of the boundary surfaces at different frequencies.
Room Resonance – also called Coloration. Occurs when certain sounds within a narrow band of
frequencies tend to sound louder than other frequencies.
Sound Shadow – occurs when an area does not receive an adequate amount of direct and
reflected sound.
Whispering Gallery – high frequency sounds creeping along large concave surfaces such as a
hemispherical dome.
ACOUSTICAL
DEFECTS

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