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Hois W2L1

This document provides an introduction to computers, covering their definition, history, key components, and categories such as hardware and software. It outlines the information processing cycle and offers tips for protecting computers from viruses. The chapter is designed for beginners and includes learning objectives, activities, and additional resources.

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Nozibusiso Precious
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20 views23 pages

Hois W2L1

This document provides an introduction to computers, covering their definition, history, key components, and categories such as hardware and software. It outlines the information processing cycle and offers tips for protecting computers from viruses. The chapter is designed for beginners and includes learning objectives, activities, and additional resources.

Uploaded by

Nozibusiso Precious
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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H O S P I TA L I T Y

MANAGEMENT

LECTURER: MR A ZONDI
2024 SEMESTER 2

INFORMATION SYSTEMS
CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS
OUTLINE
1. Learning outcomes
2. Introduction
3. Content
a) Concept
4. Activity
5. Additional Resources
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of this study session, you should be
familiar with:
• The definition of the computer
• History of computers
• Key components of the computer
• Two main categories of the computer
• Input, process, output, storage.
• Steps to protect your computer and data from security threats.
INTRODUCTION
This chapter is designed to provide a comprehensive overview of the basics of computers,
including hardware, software, and networking. Whether you're a complete beginner or
just looking to refresh your knowledge, this chapter will cover everything you need to know to
get started with using computers confidently.
INTRO TO COMPUTERS
What is the computer?
• Computer is the machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions.
• Computer is the device capable of performing computations and making logical decisions
at speed millions and even billion times faster than any human being.
• Computer is an electronic machine which I use for data processing. The output which comes
after processing data through computer is known as information.
History of computers
Generation 0 (1642 to 1945)
1st generation (1945 to 1955)
2nd generation (1955 to 1965)
3rd generation (1966 to 1970)
4th generation (1971 to 1980)
5th generation (1980 to present)
Two main categories of the computer
• Hardware : hardware is basically anything that you can touch with your fingers.
• Software : for computer hardware to work it must follow a set of instructions that is supplied to
it as software.
Hardware (computers physical components)
• Computer case
• CPU (central processing Unit)
• Monitor
• Keyboard & mouse
• Disk drive, Zip drive, CD-ROM, DVD.
• Hard drive
• Memory (RAM)
• Speakers
• Printer
Software (set of instructions that directs the hardware to accomplish a task)
1. System software
2. Application software
3. Utility software

1.System software / Operating system


System software are used to control all components of computer and serves as an interface
between user and hardware.
2.Application Software
Application software is used or designed for the specific purpose of the user. E.g., MS
Word, MS PowerPoint, MS Excel, MS Access, Google Chrome, MS Teams, Game.
Computer storage Units

Bit BIT 0 OR 1
Kilobyte KB 1024 bytes
Megabyte MB 1024 kilobytes
Gigabyte GB 1024 megabytes
Terabyte TB 1024 gigabytes
Information Processing Cycle
It consists of four parts where each part involves one or more specific components of
the computer.
1. Input
2. Processing
3. Output
4. Storage
INPUT
PROCESSING
OUTPUT
STORAGE
EXAMPLES OF INPUTS DEVICES
EXAMPLES OF OUTPUT DEVICES
COMPUTER VIRUSES
TIPS TO AVOID VIRUSES
Thank you...
ACTIVITY
1.Printers, monitors, speakers and projectors are all types of________ devices.
a) Output
b) Storage
c) Input
d) Mobile
2.A(n)______ is a program that finds Websites, Web pages, images, maps and other information
related to a specific topic.
a) Browser
b) Search Engine
c) Server
d) Subject directory
What are the different types of computers?
VIDEO REFERENCES
https://youtu.be/qfUZBKDh9BY?si=l3EKrbw06yYe-SGZ

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