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Math Assignment Unit 8

The document contains three tasks involving systems of equations. Task 1 discusses a toy pricing scenario and concludes that the system is consistent and dependent with infinitely many solutions. Task 2 uses Gaussian elimination to solve a system of equations, resulting in the solution (x, y, z) = (1/2, -7/2, 0), while Task 3 solves another system, yielding two solutions: (3, 1) and (-1/3, 13/3), both verified algebraically.

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williammathias599
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2 views

Math Assignment Unit 8

The document contains three tasks involving systems of equations. Task 1 discusses a toy pricing scenario and concludes that the system is consistent and dependent with infinitely many solutions. Task 2 uses Gaussian elimination to solve a system of equations, resulting in the solution (x, y, z) = (1/2, -7/2, 0), while Task 3 solves another system, yielding two solutions: (3, 1) and (-1/3, 13/3), both verified algebraically.

Uploaded by

williammathias599
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Task 1:

Daniel takes pleasure in experimenting with various kinds of toys. He bought three
distinct types of toys for $25 in total. Furthermore, he possesses a toy that costs $20
more than three times the combined price of the other two toys. It's revealed that the
total cost of the three toys multiplied by five, amounts to $125.

(i) Represent this situation in system of linear equations.

Let's denote the cost of the three toys as x, y, and z.

Given the following information:

The total cost of the three toys is $25.

x + y + z = 25

One toy (let's assume it's z) costs $20 more than three times the combined price of the other
two toys.

z = 20 + 3(x + y)

The total cost of the three toys multiplied by five amounts to $125.

5(x + y + z) = 125

We can rewrite the third equation as:

x + y + z = 25

Notice this is the same as the first equation, confirming that the total cost constraint is
consistent.

Now we have the following system of equations:

{z=20+3(x
x + y + z=25
+ y)

(Abramson, 2021).

(ii) Identify the nature of the system (consistent, independent and number of solutions).

To identify the nature of the system, we have to solve it and see if it has a unique solution, no
solution, or infinitely many solutions.

From the first equation:

x + y + z = 25

From the second equation:


z = 20 + 3(x + y)

Substitute z from the second equation into the first equation:

x + y + (20 + 3(x + y)) = 25

x + y + 20 + 3x + 3y = 25

4x + 4y + 20 = 25

4x + 4y = 25 - 20

4x + 4y = 5

4(x + y) = 5

x + y = 5/4

Substitute x + y = 5/4 back into the equation for z:

z = 20 + 3(x + y)

z = 20 + 3(5/4)

z = 20 + 15/4

z = 20 + 3.75

z = 23.75

Given that we only have one equation x + y = 5/4 for two variables x and y, and another
equation giving us a fixed value for z, we can determine the system is consistent and
dependent with infinitely many solutions (Abramson, 2021).

(iii) Find how much is the cost of each toy. Explain the answer clearly.

We already have:

x + y = 5/4

z = 23.75

To find the specific costs of each toy, we can express y in terms of x and vice versa:

y = 5/4 - x

Thus, the costs of the toys are:

y = 5/4 - x
z = 23.75

Since x can be any non-negative value that satisfies the above equations, there are infinitely
many possible pairs (x,y) that will work. For example:

If x = 1, then y = 5/4 - 1 = 1/4

If x = 0.5 then y = 5/4 - 0.5 = 3/4

Conclusively,

The cost of toy z is $23.75

The costs of toys x and y add up to $1.25, with many possible pairs (x,y) satisfying this
condition (Abramson, 2021).

Task 2:

Find the solution of the following system of equations using Gaussian elimination
method and show the steps.

x-y+z=4
5x- y + z = 6
3x - y + 5z= 5

Given the system of equation:

{
x− y + z=4
5 x− y+ z =6
3 x − y +5 z =5

Writing the system of equation in augmented matrix form

1 -1 1 ∣ 4

5 -1 1 ∣ 6

3 -1 5 ∣ 5

Transform the matrix into row echelon form

Eliminate x from rows 2 and 3 using row 1

To eliminate x from row 2:

R2 ← R2 - 5R1

1 -1 1 ∣ 4 1 -1 1 ∣ 4

5 -1 1 ∣ 6 → 0 4 -4 ∣ -14
3 -1 5 ∣ 5 3 -1 5 ∣ 5

To eliminate x from row 3:

R3 ← R3 - 3R1

1 -1 1 ∣ 4

0 4 -4 ∣ -14

0 2 2 ∣ -7

Eliminate y from row 3 using row 2:

To eliminate y from row 3:

R3 ← R3 - 1/2R2

1 -1 1 ∣ 4

0 4 -4 ∣ -14

0 0 4∣0

Perform back substitution

The matrix is now in row echelon form. We can write the corresponding system of equations:

{
x− y+ z =4
4 y −4 z =−14
4 z=0

From the third equation:

4z = 0 → z = 0

Substitute z = 0 into the second equation:

4y - 4z = -14

4y - 4(0) = -14

4y = -14

y = -14/4

y = -7/2

Substitute y = -7/2 and z = 0 into the first equation:

x-y+z=4
x - (-7/2) + 0 = 4

x + 7/2 = 4

x = 4 - 7/2

x = 8/2 - 7/2

x = 1/2

Thus, the solution to the system is: (x, y, z) = (1/2, -7/2, 0).

(Abramson, 2021).

Task 3:

Solve the following system of equations. Verify your answers algebraically and
graphically.

x+y=4

x2 - 2xy - 3 = 0

Given the following system of equations:

x+y=4

x2 - 2xy - 3 = 0

Solve the linear equation for one variable.

From the first equation:

x+y=4

y=4-x

Substitute y = 4 - x into the quadratic equation

x2 - 2xy - 3 = 0

x2 - 2x(4 - x) - 3 = 0

x2 - 8x + 2x2 - 3 = 0

3x2 - 8x - 3 = 0

Solve the quadratic equation using the quadratic formula:

x = (-b ± sqrt(b2 - 4ac))/2a


where, a = 3, b = -8 and c = -3.

x = (-(-8) ± sqrt(-82 - 4*3*-3))/2*3

x = (8 ± sqrt(64 + 36))/6

x = (8 ± sqrt(100))/6

x = (8 ± 10)/6

Thus, we have two solutions:

x = (8 + 10)/6 and (8-10)/6

x = 18/6 and -2/6

x = 3 and -1/3

Find the corresponding y values:

For x = 3

y=4-x

y=4-3

y=1

For x = -1/3

y=4-x

y = 4 - (-1/3)

y = 4 + 1/3

y = 13/3

Therefore the solutions are:

(x,y) = (3,1)

(x,y) = (-1/3,13/3)

Substitute both values to both equations to verify:

For (x,y) = (3,1)

x+y=4

3+1=4

x2 - 2xy - 3 = 0
32 - 2(3)(1) - 3 = 0

9-6-3=0

For (x,y) = (-1/3,13/3)

x+y=4

-1/3 + 13/3 = 4

12/3 = 4

x2 - 2xy - 3 = 0

(-1/3)2 - 2(-1/3)(13/3) - 3 = 0

1/9 + 26/9 - 3 = 0

27/9 - 3 = 0

3-3=0

Hence, both solutions are verified (Abramson, 2021).

Graph of System of Equations

References:

Abramson, J. (2021). Algebra and trigonometry (2nd ed.). OpenStax, TX: Rice University.

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