Scribd
Upload
11 views17 pages

Hypothesis Testing Presentation

Hypothesis testing is a statistical method for making decisions based on sample data, involving the null hypothesis (H₀) which states there is no significant effect, and the alternative hypothesis (H₁ or Ha) which suggests there is a significant effect. The document provides examples of formulating null and alternative hypotheses for various scenarios, illustrating how to express them both in words and symbols. It emphasizes the importance of these hypotheses in determining the validity of assumptions in statistical analysis.

Uploaded by

dhajeloupepitz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views17 pages

Hypothesis Testing Presentation

Hypothesis testing is a statistical method for making decisions based on sample data, involving the null hypothesis (H₀) which states there is no significant effect, and the alternative hypothesis (H₁ or Ha) which suggests there is a significant effect. The document provides examples of formulating null and alternative hypotheses for various scenarios, illustrating how to express them both in words and symbols. It emphasizes the importance of these hypotheses in determining the validity of assumptions in statistical analysis.

Uploaded by

dhajeloupepitz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

Hypothesis Testing

Statistics and Probability (M11/12SP-


IVa-1)
Introduction to Hypothesis Testing
• Hypothesis testing is a statistical method used
to make decisions based on sample data. It
helps determine if there is enough evidence to
reject a given assumption.
Null Hypothesis (H₀)
• The null hypothesis (H₀) is a statement that
there is no significant difference or effect. It is
the assumption that is tested and either
rejected or not rejected.
Null Hypothesis (H₀)
• It is denoted by Ho
• It is the initial claim.
• It shows no significant difference, no changes,
nothing happened, no relationship between
two parameters.
• The independent carriable has no effect on
the dependent variable.
Alternative Hypothesis (H₁ or Ha)
• The alternative hypothesis (H₁ or Ha) is a
statement that contradicts the null
hypothesis. It suggests there is a significant
effect or difference.
Alternative Hypothesis (H₁ or Ha)
• It is denoted by H₁ or Ha
• It is the contrary to the null hypothesis
Null Hypothesis, Ho
= equal to, the same as, not changed from, is

Alternative Hypothesis, Ha
≠ not equal to, different from, changed from,
not the same as
> greater than, above, higher than, longer than,
bigger than, increased at least
< less than, below, lower than, smaller than,
shorter than, decreased or reduced from, at most
State the null and alternative
hypotheses for each statement

Example 1:
The average age of bus drivers in Metro
Manila is 38.8 years.
Ho : ___________________
Ha : ___________________
State the null and alternative
hypotheses for each statement

Example 1:
The average age of bus drivers in Metro
Manila is 38.8 years.
Ho : µ = 38.8 years
Ha : µ ≠ 38.8 years
State the null and alternative
hypotheses for each statement

Example 2:
The average number of calories of a low-
calorie meal is at most 300.
Ho : ___________________
Ha : ___________________
State the null and alternative
hypotheses for each statement

Example 2:
The average number of calories of a low-
calorie meal is at most 300.
Ho : µ = 300 calories
Ha : µ < 300 calories
State the null and alternative
hypotheses for each statement

Example 3:
The school record claims that the mean
score in Math of the incoming Grade 11
students is 81. The teacher wishes to find
out if the claim is true. She tests if there is
significant difference between the batch
mean score of students in her class
State the null and alternative
hypotheses for each statement
Example 3:
Null and Alternative Null and Alternative
Hypotheses in words Hypotheses in symbol

Ho : The mean score of Ho : µ = 81


the incoming Grade 11
students is 81
Ha : The mean score of Ha : µ ≠ 81
the incoming Grade 11
students is not 81
State the null and alternative
hypotheses for each statement

Example 4:
A social worker wants to test (at α =
0.05) whether the average body mass
index (BMI) of the pupils under
feeding program is different from 18.2
kg.
Example 4:
Null and Alternative Null and Alternative
Hypotheses in words Hypotheses in
symbol

Ho : The average BMI of the


pupils under feeding program
Ho : µ = 18.2
is not different from 18.2.
Ha : The average BMI of the
pupils under feeding program
Ha : µ ≠ 18.2
is different from 18.2.
State the null and alternative
hypotheses for each statement

Example 5:
A DTI representative wants to test at
99% confidence level whether the
average content of Soda X is less than
330 ml as indicated in the label.
Example 5:
Null and Alternative Null and Alternative
Hypotheses in words Hypotheses in
symbol

Ho : The average content of


soda X is greater than or equal
Ho : µ ≥ 330
to 330 ml. Ho : µ = 330
Ha : The average content of
soda X is less than 330 ml.
Ha : µ < 330

You might also like