Department of Mathematical Sciences

Rajiv Gandhi Institute Of Petroleum Technology, Jais

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS (MA 121)

Week 4 / March 2025 Problem Set 8 GR,SD

Inverse Laplace Transform and Applications, Fourier Series

dy d2 y
Notations : x ′ = dx ′
dt , y ≡ dt , y′′ ≡ dt2
.
  Z ∞
sin t f (t)
1. Find the Laplace transform of . [Hint: L = F (u) du.]
t t s

2. Find the inverse Laplace transform of each of the following functions.

6 1 4 19 1 7
i) F (s) = s − s −8 + s −3 ii) F (s) = s+2 − 3s−5 + s5
6s 3 8
iii) F (s) = s2 +25
+ s2 +25
iv) F (s) = 3s2 +12
− s2 −3 49

3. Find the inverse Laplace transform of each of the following functions.

6s−5 1−3s
i) F (s) = s2 +7
ii) F (s) = s2 +8s+21
3s−2 s +7
iii) F (s) = 2s2 −6s−2
iv) F (s) = s2 −3s−10

4. Find the inverse Laplace transform of each of the following functions.

86s−78 2−5s
i) F (s) = (s+3)(s−4)(5s−1)
ii) F (s) = (s−6)(s2 +11)
25 5+12s2 −s3
iii) F (s) = s3 (s2 +4s+5)
iv) F (s) = s2 (s−1)(s−9)

5. Find the inverse Laplace transform of each of the following functions.

se−4s 5e−6s −3e−11s
i) F (s) = (3s+2)(s−2)
ii) F (s) = (s+2)(s2 +9)
 
s2 +1
iii) F (s) = log ( s +1)2
iv) F (s) = tan−1 a
s

6. Using convolution find the inverse Laplace transform of each of the following functions.
1 1
i) F (s) = s2 −5s+6
ii) F (s) = s2 ( s2 + a2 )
s 3s
iii) F (s) = (s+1)(s2 +4)
iv) F (s) = ( s2 +9)2

7. Using the Laplace transform and the inverse Laplace transform, solve the following IVPs.

i) y′′ − 10y′ + 9y = 5t; y (0) = −1 y ′ (0) = 2

ii) 2y′′ + 3y′ − 2y = te−2t ; y (0) = 0 y ′ (0) = −2
iii) y′′ + 4y′ = cos(t − 3) + 4t; y (3) = 0 y ′ (3) = 7
iv) y′′ + 3ty′ − 6y = 2; y (0) = 0 y ′ (0) = 0

8. Using the Laplace and inverse Laplace transforms solve (that is, find two functions x = x (t) and
y = y(t) which simultaneously satisfy) the following system of equations.

x ′ + y = sin t
y′ + x = cos t, x (0) = 2, y (0) = 0
 9. Determine the period of the following functions.

i) sin(5x + 3) ii) sin2 ( x )

iii) | cos x | iv) sin x + cos x
v) cos x + 31 cos 2x + 21 cos( 3x )

10. Where does the Fourier series of the 2π periodic function f ( x ) = x + x2 in (−π, π ) converge to at

i) x = 0, ii) x = π, iii) x = π/2

(
x, 0 < x < π,
11. If f ( x + 2π ) = f ( x ), find the Fourier series expansion of f ( x ) = Where does
π, π < x < 2π.
the Fourier series of f converge to at x = π? Show that

1 1 1 π 1 1 1 π2
i) 1 − + − +··· = , ii) 1 + + + + · · · = .
3 5 7 4 32 52 72 8

12. If f ( x + 2π ) = f ( x ), find the Fourier series expansion of f ( x ) = | x | in (−π, π ). Hence, show that

1 1 1 π2
1+ + + + · · · = .
32 52 72 8

13. If f ( x + 2π ) = f ( x ), find the Fourier series expansion of f ( x ) = x + x2 in (−π, π ). Hence, show

that
1 1 1 π2
1+ 2 + 2 + 2 +··· = .
2 3 4 6

14. If f ( x + 2π ) = f ( x ), find the Fourier series expansion of f ( x ) = x − x2 in (−π, π ). Hence, show

that
1 1 1 π2
1− 2 + 2 − 2 +··· = .
2 3 4 12
(
0, −5 ≤ x ≤ 0,
15. If f ( x + 10) = f ( x ), find the Fourier series expansion of f ( x ) =
3, 0 < x < 5.

16. Obtain the half range Fourier Cosine series for f ( x ) = 2x − 1 in the interval (0, 1).
∞
a0  nπx 
[Hint: (i) The Cosine series of f in (0, ℓ) is + ∑ an cos ,
2 n =1
ℓ
Z ℓ Z ℓ  nπx 
2 2
where a0 = f ( x ) dx and an = f ( x ) cos dx .
ℓ 0 ℓ 0 ℓ
∞  nπx  Z ℓ  nπx 
2
(ii) The Sine series of f in (0, ℓ) is ∑ bn sin ℓ
, where bn =
ℓ
f ( x ) sin
ℓ
dx .]
n =1 0

(
x, 0≤x≤ π
2,
17. Find the half range Fourier Sine and Cosine series for the function f ( x ) =
π − x, π
2 ≤ x ≤ π.