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Mat2125 HW4

This document outlines Homework 4 for MAT 2125, due on March 26, focusing on continuous functions, differentiation, and the Riemann integral. It includes specific problems related to proving continuity, Lipschitz conditions, differentiability, and Riemann-integrability. Each section contains mathematical definitions and theorems that students are required to demonstrate or prove.

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8 views1 page

Mat2125 HW4

This document outlines Homework 4 for MAT 2125, due on March 26, focusing on continuous functions, differentiation, and the Riemann integral. It includes specific problems related to proving continuity, Lipschitz conditions, differentiability, and Riemann-integrability. Each section contains mathematical definitions and theorems that students are required to demonstrate or prove.

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sqzbmf6g9g
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MAT 2125 – Homework 4

(due at midnight on March 26, in Brightspace)

1 Continuous Functions
1. Define g : R → R by
(−1)n
(
n if x = 1/n for some n ∈ N,
g(x) =
0 if x = 0.
Prove that g is continuous at 0.
2. Assume that the temperature distribution on the Earth’s equator is continuous. Show that there are, at
any time, antipodal points on the Earth’s equator with the same temperature.
3. Suppose f : Rd → Rm . The pre-image of a subset B ⊆ Rm under f is
f −1 (B) = {a ∈ A : f (a) ∈ B}.
Prove that f is continuous if and only if the pre-image of every open subset of Rm is an open subset of
Rd . (It is also true if ”open” is replaced by ”closed”, but we will not ask you to prove this.)

Hint: what is the definition of continuity for functions f : Rd → Rm ?


4. A function f : A → R is said to be Lipschitz if there is a positive number M such that
|f (x) − f (y)| ≤ M |x − y| ∀ x, y ∈ A.
Show that a Lipschitz function must be uniformly continuous, but that uniformly continuous functions do
not have to be Lipschitz.
√
Hint: for the second statement, consider the function g : [0, 1] → R, g(x) = x.

2 Differentiation
1. Let a ∈ R and f : R → R be defined by
(
x2 if x ≥ 0,
f (x) =
ax if x < 0.
For which values of a is f differentiable at x = 0? For which values of a is f continuous at x = 0?
2. Let f : [a, b] → R be continuous on [a, b] and differentiable on (a, b). Show that f is Lipschitz if and only
if f 0 is bounded on (a, b).

Hint: Apply the Mean Value Theorem to f on [x, y] ⊆ [a, b] to show one of the directions.
√
3. If x > 0, show 1 + 21 x − 18 x2 ≤ 1 + x ≤ 1 + 21 x.

3 Riemann Integral
1. Using the definition of Riemann-integrability, show that h : [a, b] → R defined by h(x) = 2x + 1 is
Riemann-integrable on [a, b], b > a ≥ 0, and that that the Riemann integral of h on [a, b] is b2 − a2 + b − a.

Warning: you cannot use the rules of integration from calculus.


2. Prove Riemann’s Criterion for a bounded function f : [a, b] → R, namely: f is Riemann-integrable over
[a, b] if and only if ∀ε > 0, ∃Pε a partition of [a, b] such that the lower sum L(Pε ; f ) and the upper sum
U (Pε ; f ) of f corresponding to Pε satisfy U (Pε ; f ) − L(Pε ; f ) < ε.

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