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Propositions and Truth Table

The document outlines the truth values of various logical connectives such as negation, conjunction, disjunction, implication, and biconditional statements, along with their corresponding truth tables. It explains how to determine the truth value of propositions and construct truth tables. Additionally, it provides examples and exercises to practice these concepts.

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8 views21 pages

Propositions and Truth Table

The document outlines the truth values of various logical connectives such as negation, conjunction, disjunction, implication, and biconditional statements, along with their corresponding truth tables. It explains how to determine the truth value of propositions and construct truth tables. Additionally, it provides examples and exercises to practice these concepts.

Uploaded by

yapelija
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Truth Values of Logical

Connectives and Truth Table


Mathematical Language and Symbols
Objectives

•Determine the truth value of logical


connectives.

•Construct a truth table for a given proposition.


Truth Values of
Logical Connectives
1) Negation – equal to the 2) Conjunction – only has a
opposite truth value of “TRUE” truth value when
the proposition both of the propositions
are “TRUE”. Otherwise,
it has a “FALSE” truth
value.
T F
T T T
F T
T F F
F T F
F F F
Truth Values of
Logical Connectives
3) Disjunction – has a “TRUE” 4) Implication – has a “FALSE”
truth value when either one truth value when the first
or both of the propositions proposition is “TRUE” and the
has a true truth value. second proposition is
Otherwise it has a false “FALSE”. Otherwise, it has a
truth value. “TRUE” truth value.
T T T T T T
T F T T F F
F T T F T T
F F F F F T
Truth Values of
Logical Connectives
5) Biconditional Statement – has a “TRUE” truth value
when both propositions share the same truth value.
Otherwise, it has a “FALSE” truth value.

T T T
T F F
F T F
F F T
Summary of the
Truth Values of Logical Connectives

T T F F T T T T
T F F T F T F F
F T T F F T T F
F F T T F F T T
•
Try this!
Suppose p and q are true statements, while r is a false
statement. Determine the truth value of
1. ~q ∨ r T T F F T T T T

2. ~( r ∧ q) T F F T F T F F
F T T F F T T F
3. ~[(p ∧ ~r) ∨ q] F F T T F F T T
Example
Let p and q represent the following statements:

p: 10>4 10 is greater than 4

q: 3<5 3 is less than 5

Determine the truth value of each statement.

1. p^q

2. ~p^q
3. p v ~q
4. ~p v ~q
Constructing a Truth Table
Mathematical Language and Symbols
What is Truth Table?
A truth table shows how the truth or falsity of a
compound statement depends on the truth or falsity of
the simple statements from which it’s constructed.

A TAUTOLOGY is a formula which is “always true” —


that is, it is true for every assignment of truth values to its
simple components.
Truth Table
•

T T
T F
F T
F F
Truth Table
•

T T T F
T F F T
F T F T
F F F T
Truth Table
•

T T
T F
F T
F F
Truth Table
•

T T T T T
T F F T T
F T T F T
F F T T T
Truth Table
•

T T
T F
F T
F F
Truth Table
•

T T T F F F
T F T F T F
F T T F F F
F F F T T T
Truth Table
•

T T T
T T F
T F T
T F F
F T T
F T F
F F T
F F F
Truth Table
•

T T T T T
T T F T F
T F T T T
T F F T F
F T T T T
F T F T F
F F T F T
F F F F T
Truth Table
•

T T T
T T F
T F T
T F F
F T T
F T F
F F T
F F F
Truth Table
•

T T T T F F
T T F T T T
T F T F F T
T F F F T T
F T T F F T
F T F F T T
F F T F F T
F F F F T T

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