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Java Applet Notes Cleaned

Java applets are small programs that run in web browsers, providing dynamic and interactive content. They have advantages such as client-side execution and platform independence, but face drawbacks including the need for a Java plugin and deprecation in modern browsers. The document outlines the features, types, lifecycle, development process, and limitations of applets, along with common use cases.

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5 views

Java Applet Notes Cleaned

Java applets are small programs that run in web browsers, providing dynamic and interactive content. They have advantages such as client-side execution and platform independence, but face drawbacks including the need for a Java plugin and deprecation in modern browsers. The document outlines the features, types, lifecycle, development process, and limitations of applets, along with common use cases.

Uploaded by

Feysel Kasim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Detailed Notes on Java Applets

1. Introduction to Java Applets

- Applets are small programs designed to run in a web browser or an applet viewer.

- Divided into:

- Java Applet: Requires embedding in an HTML file.

- Java Application: Runs as standalone programs with a main() method.

2. Features of Java Applets

- Dynamic and interactive content for web pages.

- Allows animations, computations, graphical displays, and sound.

- Runs securely within a sandbox environment in the browser.

3. Types of Applets

- Local Applets: Created and stored locally, no internet connection needed.

- Remote Applets: Hosted on a remote server, downloaded and run via the internet.

4. Advantages of Applets

- Executes on the client side, reducing response time.

- Platform-independent; works on Linux, Windows, MacOS, etc.

- Secure, as applets are sandboxed and limited in accessing system resources.

5. Drawbacks of Applets

- Requires a Java plugin in the client browser.

- Applet support has been deprecated in modern browsers.


6. Applet vs. Application

- Applets:

- Require a browser or applet viewer to run.

- Do not use a main() method.

- Restricted in accessing files and network resources.

- Applications:

- Run independently using Java interpreter.

- Use a main() method for execution.

- Can access files, network servers, and libraries.

7. Life Cycle of an Applet

- Initialization (init()):

- Called once when the applet is loaded.

- Used to set up initial values, load resources like images or fonts.

- Running (start()):

- Called after init() or when returning from an idle state.

- Can be called multiple times.

- Idle/Stopped (stop()):

- Called when the applet is paused, e.g., user navigates away from the page.

- Dead/Destroyed (destroy()):

- Called when the applet is permanently terminated.

- Display (paint(Graphics g)):

- Used to draw and display the applet content on the screen.

8. Developing and Running an Applet

- Steps:

1. Write Java source code and compile it (javac command).


2. Embed compiled .class file in an HTML page using <APPLET> tag.

3. Run the applet using a browser or the appletviewer tool.

- Example of embedding in HTML:

<APPLET CODE="HelloJava.class" WIDTH=400 HEIGHT=200></APPLET>

9. Graphics and Interaction

- Graphics Class:

- Methods for drawing shapes, lines, and strings:

- drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2)

- drawRect(x, y, width, height)

- drawString(String text, x, y)

- Color Class:

- Create custom colors or use predefined ones:

- setBackground(Color.RED)

- setForeground(new Color(r, g, b))

- Font Class:

- Define font styles and sizes:

- Font f = new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, 14);

- g.setFont(f);

10. Key Methods in Applet Class

- init(): Called for initialization.

- start(): Activates the applet.

- stop(): Pauses the applet.

- destroy(): Terminates the applet.

- paint(Graphics g): Handles drawing content.


11. Applet Limitations

- Cannot access the file system or communicate with servers other than the host.

- Restricted from using external libraries outside the Java sandbox.

12. Steps to Build an Applet

- Write and compile the applet Java file (HelloJava.java -> HelloJava.class).

- Create an HTML file with the <APPLET> tag referencing the .class file.

- Test using:

- A Java-enabled browser.

- appletviewer for simple testing.

13. Common Use Cases

- Embedding interactive graphics.

- Performing dynamic updates (like animations or small computations) on web pages.

- Providing platform-independent web content.

These notes provide a comprehensive overview of Java applets, suitable for reference or study.

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