Program 1:

Aim:

Getting Started - Tableau Workspace, Tableau terminologies, basic functionalities.

Tableau – Getting Started

Introduction to Tableau and Installation Tableau is a data visualization tool that provides
pictorial and graphical representations of data. It is used for data analytics and business
intelligence. Tableau provides limitless data exploration without interrupting flow of analysis.
With an intuitive drag and drop interface, user can uncover hidden insights in data and make
smarter decisions faster. Tableau can be downloaded from the following website:
https://www.tableau.com/products/public/download after downloading, the following is the
screen appears.

Click the license agreement checkbox and then click on install button. After installation,
click on Tableau Public icon to run Tableau. Following is the Tableau Public home screen.
 Tableau Terminologies

1. Dataset: On Tableau worksheet, there is always this section at the first. To make data related
changes or data refresh or extraction, this section is very much important.

2. Dimensions section: This is useful and well-known section in worksheet. In Dimensions

section there are many dimensions which are just like attributes names of data are present. For
example, customer name, Order date, Region, etc. This section also contains measure names
which contains the names of the measures.

3. Measure Section: Contains the numerical data type fields like sale, profit, quantity, etc. Also
contains measure values field which contains the values of measure names present in
dimensions section. This section also has number of records fields which by default

4. Sets section: Sets are the group of data where it can be changed dynamically. Sets are updated
once data gets refreshed. When set is created then it may be automatically coming under this
data pane section.

5. Parameter section: If I created a parameter or if there is a parameter present already then, that
field will comes in this section of data pane. Parameters are used for dynamic selection of user
 defined data values which makes our dashboard dynamic.

6. Pages shelf: This shelf is used for creating transitions to visuals or motion charts in Tableau.
Pages shelf allows to see dimensions in flips or switches between data breakups.

7. Filters Shelf: If you are applying any dimension or measure into filter, then it will come into
filter shelf.

8. Marks Card: Marks cards contains color card, size card, label, details, tooltip and path cards. If
I want to aggregate my data with respect to level of details and then show the analysis in
visuals, then will put the data field into the marks card.

9. Legends shelf: Legends shelf contains how the data is encoded into the marks cards like color,
shape, etc. There are different legends for different marks cards.

10. Columns shelf: Columns shelf will make data values to be plotted on x-axis or it will make
different columns. This shelf contains green pills as well as blue pills depending on the data
types either discrete or continuous data.

11. Rows Shelf: Rows shelf used to plot y-axis on graph which will creates rows in the chart.

12. Workspace: Workspace is where I can plot my data or view different charts or data points.
Workspace of worksheet is where one can do visual analysis and present it in the form of
visuals and use it in reports or dashboards.

13. Pills: Pills are the data fields present in the views are either green or red depending on the
behaviour of data whether data is continuous then green pills or data is discrete then it is blue in
color.

14. Data points in workspace: The bubbles in above image are data points in the view. I can
change the shape or views of these data points in workspace just by changing the shape of data
or changing the chart types in marks cards.

15. Show me section in Tableau: The show me section in tableau is located at top-right corner of
the worksheet. If I open this section, I can see there are 24 chart types greyed. When I select
any data fields from either dimensions or measures then in show me section some of the charts
gets greyed and some are enabled. If I hover over any chart, then it will show the description
about that chart as what it is required to build. Like how many dimensions and how many
measures are required to build the specific chart.

Tableau - Basic Functionalities

 Here are some basic functionalities of Tableau that enable effective data visualization and
analysis:

1. Data Connection: Connect to various data sources, including spreadsheets (Excel, CSV),
databases (SQL Server, Oracle), and cloud services (Google Analytics, Salesforce).
2. Data Preparation: Clean and transform your data using features like:
o Data Blending: Combine data from different sources.
o Calculated Fields: Create new fields using formulas.
o Filters: Refine data by applying filters to focus on specific subsets.
3. Drag-and-Drop Interface: Easily create visualizations by dragging fields onto rows, columns,
and the canvas, simplifying the design process.
4. Visualizations: Create a variety of charts, including:
o Bar and column charts
o Line graphs
o Pie charts
o Maps (geographical data)
o Scatter plots
5. Dashboards: Combine multiple visualizations into interactive dashboards that provide a
comprehensive view of data, allowing users to drill down into specifics.
6. Interactivity: Enhance user experience with features like:
o Tooltips: Display additional information on hover.
o Actions: Link different visualizations for interactive exploration (e.g., filtering one chart based
on selections in another).
7. Formatting: Customize visual elements like colors, fonts, and labels to improve readability and
aesthetics.
8. Sharing and Collaboration: Share visualizations via Tableau Server, Tableau Online, or
Tableau Public, allowing for easy collaboration with others.
9. Data Refresh: Set up scheduled data refreshes to keep visualizations up-to-date with the latest
information.
10. Storytelling: Create stories by combining visualizations and text to guide users through insights
in a structured manner.

Program 2:
Aim:
Connecting to Data Source – Connecting to Database, Different types of Tableau
Joins.
Procedure:

Connecting to Data and preparing data for visualization

in Tableau
Tableau supports connecting to a wide variety of data, stored in a variety of places. For
example, data might be stored on computer in a spread sheet or a text file, or in a big data,
relational, or cube (multidimensional) database on a server in enterprise or the data can be
from a public domain available on the web.
Data can be imported in Tableau Public from Connect panel on left side. For example, an Excel
sample data set was loaded into Tableau as follows:

After clicking on open, screen is as follows:

The data store page appears as above. The left pan shows that above dataset consists of 3
worksheets. If we drag orders table, screen appears as follows: Tableau automatically identifies the
data type of each column.

Now drag Returns table onto the Canvas to the right of Orders table. This shows the relation
between the two tables Orders and Returns. This step creates a data extract which improves
query performance.
Data aggregation and statistical functions
We can apply various aggregation and statistical functions on data such as count, minimum,
maximum, standard deviation, variance etc. This is shown below. This can be done by right
clicking on the required field of dataset, click on Default properties and click on aggregation.

Or the above operation can be done by creating a calculated field as shown below. To create a
calculated field, click on the down arrow button beside search tab above Tables panel, drag a
field to that calculated field window.
 Then click on apply and results are shown below:

In the same way we can apply any aggregate or statistical function on data with the help of
calculated fields.

Types of Joins:

In Tableau, joins are used to combine data from multiple tables based on a related column. Here
are the main types of joins you can use in Tableau:

1. Inner Join:
o Combines rows from both tables where there is a match in the join condition.
o Only includes records that have matching values in both tables.
2. Left Join (Left Outer Join):
o Includes all rows from the left table and matched rows from the right table.
o If there is no match, the result will contain NULLs for columns from the right table.
3. Right Join (Right Outer Join):
o Includes all rows from the right table and matched rows from the left table.
o If there is no match, the result will contain NULLs for columns from the left table.
4. Full Outer Join:
o Combines rows from both tables and includes all records, regardless of whether there is a
match.
o If there is no match, the result will contain NULLs for the non-matching columns.

Select the Excel file and drag the sheet then right click and click open. It will create the joins.
Drag and drop the next sheet. It will show the joins.

We can the different types of joins

Inner join

Left join
Right Join:

Full Outer Join:

Program 3:
Aim:
Creating a View - formatting charts, adding filters, creating calculated fields and
defining parameters.
Procedure:

Data Visualization
We can perform various visualization operations on data in Tableau. Some of them are bar cart,
histogram, bubble chart, heat map etc.

Bar chart:

Bar charts can be created in 3 variations in Tableau: Horizontal bars, stacked bars, side-by-side
bars.
Horizontal bars can be created by selecting that type of chart from Show Me menu on right
hand side of Canvas. The type of chart in box on right hand side represents horizontal bar graph.

In similar to above, stacked bar graph can be created and the result is shown below.
Side-by-side bar chart can be created in following way.

Line graph: Line graph can be continuous or discrete. Continuous line graph is shown below:

Discrete line graph is shown below:

Pie chart:

Bubble chart:
Heat map:

Filters:
In Tableau, filters are powerful tools used to control the data that is displayed in your
visualizations.

General Filter:
Drag category and sub category as Column and sales as rows and swap it . Then select city a
color card.
Then drag city to filter shelf

Select the cities and click ok

Wildcard Filter:
Drag sub category as Row and Sales as Column then drag sub category to filter shelf and click
wildcard option and click starts with and enter the letter A then click OK.
Condition filter:
Select Row as Sales, Column as Category and Sub category and drag product name to filter
shelf then condition by field select quantity and average and click load select the option less
than 1000 and click ok.
Top Filter:

Drag row as subcategory and column as sales and drag the sub category the select top and
specify the number and click ok.

Data aggregation and statistical functions

We can apply various aggregation and statistical functions on data such as count, minimum,
maximum, standard deviation, variance etc. This is shown below. This can be done by right
clicking on the required field of dataset, click on Default properties and click on aggregation.

Or the above operation can be done by creating a calculated field as shown below. To create a
calculated field, click on the down arrow button beside search tab above Tables panel, drag a
field to that calculated field window.
Then click on apply and results are shown below:
 In the same way we can apply any aggregate or statistical function on data with the help of
calculated fields.
Parameters:
Parameters in Tableau are dynamic values that can replace a constant value in calculations,
filters, or reference lines. They allow users to input or select values, providing a more
interactive experience. Here’s how to define and use parameters in Tableau:
Creating a Parameter
Open the Parameter Dialog:
o Right-click in the Data pane and select Create Parameter.
Define the Parameter:
o Name: Give your parameter a descriptive name.
o Data Type: Choose the data type (e.g., Integer, Float, String, Date).
o Current Value: Set the default value that will be used when the parameter is first created.
o Allowable Values: Decide how users will interact with the parameter:
 All: Any value is allowed.
 List: Provide a specific list of values for users to choose from.
 Range: Set a minimum and maximum value with an increment (step size).
Click OK: Save the parameter.
Using the Parameter:
In Filters:
 You can filter your data based on the parameter. For instance, create a filter to
show only sales greater than the parameter value.
Select Column as Sum(sales) and Rows as Sub Category. Then arrange it in descending order.
Then drag sub category in filters card.

In Top Select By Field and enter 10 and click OK.

For changing the value In filters click top then select creating a new parameter name the
parameter as TOP N, give the minimum and maximum values then apply OK.
Right side can adjust the parameter value. Click and Type In the values also.

In Sets:
Right click the sub category create set give the name of the set then Top select By Field and
click TOP N then click ok set is created.

Then Right click the parameters select show parameters. You can adjust the parameter control.
Put the set in Color card.
Program 4:
Aim:
Dashboard Design and Storytelling – Components of Dashboard, understanding
how to place worksheets in Containers, Action filters and its types.
Procedure:

Dashboards
A dashboard is a way of displaying various types of visual data in one place. Usually, a
dashboard is intended to convey different, but related information in an easy-to-digest form.
And oftentimes, this includes things like key performance indicators (KPI)s or other important
business metrics that stakeholders need to see and understand at a glance.

Dashboards are useful across different industries and verticals because they’re highly
customizable. They can include data of all sorts with varying date ranges to help you
understand: what happened, why it happened, what may happen, and what action should be
taken.

For example, category of sales across months in a year, region is the field added. The first view is
shown below. This can be renamed at the bottom of the screen.
Now go to 2nd sheet for creating the 2nd view. The second view is shown below. A bubble chart
was drawn between profit and subcategory. Then rename the sheet.
Next 3rd view is created as follows for profit for each subcategory in the category with averages.

After creating individual views, now a Dashboard can be created by clicking on create
dashboard at the toolbar.
After clicking on new dashboard option, the screen is shown below.

Now the sheets or views which are created earlier can be drag and dropped on this dashboard. The above three created
views are placed in the dashboard as follows. One can follow their own way of importing sheets on the dashboard.
After creating dashboard, title can be given to the dashboard from Dashboard tab. Dashboard can be customized in
terms of its appearance by the user if required. Dashboard once created can be saved on users system and can be
retrieved whenever required.

Action Filter:
Worksheet pane select Action then click filter then add actions name the action filter select the source and select then select
the target and click show the values then click OK.
In source sheet select Hover then click OK. If you move the cursor to the Source Sheet it will automatically move the target
sheet. All the part will display. So, select leave filter then it will show the particular one in target.
 In menu option click ok
In tooltip select the action the it will automatically move to target sheet.

Program 5:
Aim:
Introducing Power BI –Components and the flow of work. Power BI Desktop Interface-The Report has
five main areas.
Procedure:

Power BI includes the following components −

 Power BI Desktop − This is used to create reports and data visualizations on the dataset.
 Power BI Gateway − You can use Power BI on-premises gateway to keep your data fresh by connecting to
your on- premises data sources without the need to move the data. It allows you to query large datasets and
benefit from the existing investments.
 Power BI Mobile Apps − Using Power BI mobile apps, you can stay connected to their data from anywhere.
Power BI apps are available for Windows, iOS, and Android platform.
 Power BI Service − This is a cloud service and is used to publish Power BI reports and data visualizations
FLOW OF WORK

 A typical Power BI workflow involves more than one type of content.

 A Power BI designer (yellow in the diagram) collects data from semantic models, brings it into Power BI
Desktop for analysis, and creates reports full of visualizations that highlight interesting facts and insights.
 The designer pins visualizations from reports to dashboards, and shares the reports and dashboards with
business users like you (black in the diagram).

 A visualization (or visual), is a type of chart built by Power BI designers. The visuals display the data
from reports and semantic models. Because they're highly interactive, you can slice, filter, highlight, change,
and even drill into visualizations.

 A semantic model is a container of data. For example, it might be an Excel file from the World Health
Organization. It might also be a company- owned database of customers, or it might be a Salesforce file. And
it might be all three if the designer combines them into a single model. Designers manage semantic models.
The data contained in semantic models is used to build reports, dashboards, and apps that designers share
with you.
 A dashboard is a single screen with tiles of interactive visuals, text, and graphics. A dashboard collects
your most important metrics, or a focused set of metrics, on one screen, to tell a story or answer a question. The
 dashboard content comes from one or more reports and one or more semantic models.

 A report is one or more pages of interactive visuals, text, and graphics that together make up a single
report. Power BI bases a report on a single semantic model. Often, the designer organizes report pages to
each address a central area of interest or answer a single question.

 An app is a way for designers to bundle and share related dashboards, reports, and semantic models
together. Business users receive some apps automatically but can go search for other apps created by
colleagues or by the community. For example, out-of- the-box apps are available for external services you
may already use, like Google Analytics and Microsoft Dynamics CRM.
Power BI Desktop Interface-The Report has five main areas.
Downloading and Installing Power BI Desktop

Power BI Desktop is available in both 32-bit and 64-bit versions. To download the latest version, you can
use the following link –

The Steps to be followed

1. Download from the link

i. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/power-platform/products/power- bi/downloads
2. Click on Products-Power BI--Desktop

3.Click on Advanced Download option

3. Select the Language as English and Click on download and choose

PBIDEsktopSetup_x64.exe
4. Download Begins and you will get exe file which will be downloaded in your downloads folder

i.

PBI Desktop Set UP _x64 (2).exe

5. Double click on the .exe file to get the installation wizard

6. Click on Next button until you get Finish button and finally installation will be done.
7. Once the Installation is done,double click on Power BI App.

The screen appears as below

When you launch the application, Power BI Desktop will start with a blank report.
Let's go over the components of the Power BI Desktop Interface

Ribbon - the top ribbon contains most of the controls and options needed for building the report.
Views - this is made up of the report view, the data view, and the model view.
Canvas - this is the main design area where visualizations and other elements are added.
Page selector - for navigation to other pages in the report.
Filters - fields can be added here to filter the data.
Visualizations - this contains the list of available visualizations.
Fields - this section contains the tables and fields that are available in the data model.

The Major Components of Power BI Desktop Interface are

Power Query Editor

It is the process of cleansing and transforming data and permits users to access datasets connecting from
multiple sources. It is included on the Power BI desktop. Business users may view the data from distinct
databases like MySQL, SQL servers, DB2, and many more.

Power View

It is a data visualization tool that assists users in developing stunning charts, and colorful maps, that turn
data into a story.

Power Map

It is a 3D map visualization tool to identify geospatial data on Map visuals. It helps organizations to
examine the maximum sales production geographically, visualizing the demographic populations of
specific regions.
Power Pivot

It is a Data Modelling technique that is used to create relationships between datasets. It performs
complex computations by utilizing DAX functions.

Power Q & A

When dealing with giant datasets, it becomes crucial to get to know the in-depth details of the data.
Luckily, it is done through natural language where users may ask questions and obtain the answer through
Power Q & A.

Build reports :

In Power BI Desktop Report view, you can build visualizations and reports. The Report view has six main
areas:

1. The ribbon at the top, which displays common tasks associated with reports and visualizations.
2. The canvas area in the middle, where you create and arrange visualizations.
3. The pages tab area at the bottom, which lets you select or add report pages.
4. The Filters pane, where you can filter data visualizations.
5. The Visualizations pane, where you can add, change, or customize visualizations, and apply drill
through.
6. The Format pane, where you design the report and visualizations.
7. The Fields pane, which shows the available fields in your queries. You can drag these fields onto the
canvas, the Filters pane, or the Visualizations pane to create or modify visualizations.

PROGRAM 6 :

Aim:

Querying Data from CSV - Query Editor Connecting the data from the Excel Source, Clean,
Transform the data

Power BI Desktop also includes the Power Query Editor, which opens in a separate window. In
Power Query Editor, you can build queries and transform data, then load the refined data model into
Power BI Desktop to create reports.
 Along the left side of Power BI Desktop are icons for the three Power BI Desktop views:

Report, Data, and Model, from top to bottom. The current view is indicated by the yellow bar along the left, and
you can change views by selecting any of the icons.

Report view is the default view.

With Power BI Desktop installed, we can connect to the world of data. To see the many types of data
sources available,

Once Power BI screen is seen click on blank Report

 After clicking on blank Report the below screen appears .

NOW TO GET DATA FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES-------------The steps

Step 1: Select Get Data in the Power BI Desktop Home tab, and in the Get Data
window, scroll through the list of All data sources. (like Excel, CSV, Oracle….)

On the Power BI Desktop Home tab, select Get Data > Excel workbook
Click on the file you need and open the file , once you open the file below window with navigator appears
,select the file (2nd option to see the contents of the file)

1. At this point you can select Load to load the table, or Transform data to make changes
in the table before you load it.

2. When you select Transform data, Power Query Editor launches, with a representative view of
the table. The Query Settings pane is on the right, or you can always show it by selecting
Query Settings on the View tab of Power Query Editor.
 Transforming the data: Once connected to a data source, you can adjust the data to meet your
needs.

To transform the data, you provide Power Query Editor with step-by-step instructions for adjusting the
data while loading and presenting it.
Transforming doesn't affect the original data source, only this particular view of the data.
Transforming the data, includes renaming columns or tables, removing rows or columns, or
changing data types.

Power Query Editor captures these steps sequentially under Applied Steps in the Query Settings pane.

Notice that the Applied Steps in Query Settings already contain a few steps. You can select each step to
see its effect in the Power Query Editor

To Change a data type

 Select the column or columns to change.

 Hold down the Shift key to select several adjacent columns, or Ctrl to select non- adjacent columns.
 Either right-click a column header, select Change Type,
 choose a new data type from the menu, or drop down the list next to Data Type in the Transform group of
the Home tab,
 select a new data type.
 To Reduce/Delete the Rows

 From the Home tab select

 Reduce Rows > Remove Rows > Remove Bottom Rows.
 In the Remove Bottom Rows dialog box, enter 10, and then select OK.

The bottom 10 worst rows are removed from the table, and the step Removed Bottom Rows appears
in Applied Steps.
To Remove columns

 From Home Tab Select Manage Columns group select Remove Columns.
You can also right-click one of the selected column headers and select Remove Columns from the
menu.
 The selected columns are removed, and the step Removed Columns appears in Applied Steps.
 Applied steps in the Query setting pane

Right-click any step in the Applied Steps pane and choose to delete it, rename it, move it up or down in
the sequence, or add or delete steps after it.

For intermediate steps, Power BI Desktop will warn you if the change could affect later steps and break
your query.

Once all the required transformations are done the report should be created in the Power BI Desktop

Apply the changes in Power Query Editor and load them into Power BI Desktop
Selecting Close & Apply from the Home tab of the ribbon.
 You can also select just Apply to keep the query open in Power Query Editor while
you work in Power BI Desktop.

To reopen Power Query Editor from Power BI Desktop

Select Transform Data on the Home tab of the Power BI Desktop ribbon. You can expand and
collapse the Filters, Visualizations, and Fields panes by selecting the arrows at the tops of the
panes. Collapsing the panes provides more space on the canvas to build cool visualizations.
 The Visualizations pane shows information about the visualization

1. The Fields option in the Visualization pane lets you drag data fields to Legend and other field
wells in the pane.
2. The Format option lets you apply formatting and other controls to visualizations.
3. The icons show the type of visualization created. You can change the type of a selected visualization
by selecting a different icon, or create a new visualization by selecting an icon with no existing
visualization selected
4. The options available in the Fields and Format areas depend on the type of visualization and data
you have.
5. You want your map visualization to show only the top 10 weather states.

To show only the top 10 states, in the Filters pane, hover over State is (All) and expand the
arrow that appears. Under Filter type, drop down and select Top N. Under Show items,
select Bottom, because you want to show the items with the lowest numerical ranks, and enter

10 in the next field

PROGRAM 7:

Aim:

Creating Reports & Visualizations - Different types of charts, Formatting charts with Title,
Colors
17 Most Common Charts available in Power BI:
● Bar Chart
● Line Chart
● Scatterplot
● Sparkline
● Pie Chart
● Gauge
● Waterfall Chart
● Funnel Chart
● Heat Map / Matrix
● Histogram
● Box Plot
● Maps
● Tables
● Indicators
● Area Chart
● Radar or Spider Chart
● Tree Map
● Open Power BI Desktop
● Click on Get data in ribbon pane
● Click on Excel worksheet option

 Choose specific dataset and open it. Example: HR Data.csv

 Click on Transform Data button
 Power Query Editor window will open.

 We have to perform some transformation on this table

 Select row 1 and click on Use first row as header
 Then, we have to create new column for attrition count. For this, select attrition column
click on Add Column new window will open then add details as follows. Once you are done with
this, attrition count column will be added as a last row of the table
 Change the datatype of this column to whole number

 Click on Close & Apply.

Click on

“Close &
Apply”

You will be back on canvas area with table loaded in Data Pane (in right side). We will start with KPI Chart
A Key Performance Indicator (KPI) is a visual that communicates the amount progress made toward a
measurable goal
 Now format this particular visual with title, size, colour.
1. Click on “Format your visual” in Visualization Pane
2. Go to General tab
a. click on Title type “Overall Employees” in Text box, Horizontal
alignment and colour of your choice
b. expand effects OFF the background of KPI chart
c. Effects ON visual border change the color and 20 rounded corners
3. Now, go to Visual tab OFF the category label
4. In visual tab, callout value change the font color
Kindly Note: If you want same format for all visuals, complete the formatting with one of the
visual, click on format painter and click on the visual for which you want the formatting. Little
bit formatting will be required as properties for each visual will be different

Select Pie Chart.

Now apply same steps for creating STACKED COLUMN CHART.

A column chart, commonly referred to as a vertical bar graph, is a visual tool utilized to display and
compare numerical data across different categories. Each column within the chart corresponds to a
specific category, with the height of the column proportionally representing the associated value.

Optional: As you can see, age is not sorted correctly, so we have to create additional column.

Once sort age column is created change the datatype of column if its not in whole number. Click on
“Close & Apply”
Now, on canvas, in data pane select CP_age_band click on sort by column
select newly created column sort age and now
click on visual and follow the steps, Finally, output will be as follows:
Finally, output will be as follows

:
Now apply same steps for creating MATRIX.
The matrix visual is a type of table visual that supports a stepped layout. A table supports two dimensions,
but a matrix makes it easier to display data meaningfully across multiple dimensions. Often, report designers
include matrixes in reports and dashboards to allow users to select one or more element (rows, columns,
cells) in the matrix to cross-highlight other visuals on a report page.
Format the row header & column header text color & background color

Also, format the Row grand total & column grand total

Now apply same steps for creating Stacked Bar Chart.

Now apply same steps for creating Donut.

A doughnut chart is similar to a pie chart in that it shows the relationship of parts to a whole. The only
difference is that the center is blank and allows space for a label or icon.

Doughnut charts work best when you use them to compare a particular section to the whole, rather than
comparing individual sections with each other.
 Slicers: A slicer is a standalone chart that can be used to filter the other visuals on
the page. Slicers come in many different formats (category, range, date, etc.) and can
be formatted to allow selection of only one, many, or all of the available values.

Slicers are a great choice to:

 Display commonly used or important filters on the report canvas for easier access.
 Make it easier to see the current filtered state without having to open a drop- down
list.
 Filter by columns that are unneeded and hidden in the data tables.
 Create more focused reports by putting slicers next to important visuals.