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A class is a blueprint from which individual objects are created

The document provides an overview of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts, focusing on Java and C++. It explains key OOP principles such as classes, objects, polymorphism, encapsulation, and abstraction, as well as Java's features like platform independence, security, and multithreading. Additionally, it highlights the differences between Java and C++, emphasizing Java's ease of use and dynamic nature.

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Kassa Mamuka
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36 views

A class is a blueprint from which individual objects are created

The document provides an overview of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts, focusing on Java and C++. It explains key OOP principles such as classes, objects, polymorphism, encapsulation, and abstraction, as well as Java's features like platform independence, security, and multithreading. Additionally, it highlights the differences between Java and C++, emphasizing Java's ease of use and dynamic nature.

Uploaded by

Kassa Mamuka
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OOPs (Object-Oriented Programming System)

Object means a real-world entity such as a mobile, book, table, computer, watch, etc. Object-
Oriented Programming is a methodology or paradigm to design a program using classes and
objects. It simplifies software development and maintenance by providing some concepts.

A class is a blueprint from which individual objects are created (or, we can say a class is a data type of an
object type). In Java, everything is related to classes and objects. Each class has its methods and
attributes that can be accessed and manipulated through the objects.

Polymorphism in Java
Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms. Polymorphism is an important
feature of Java OOPs concept and it allows us to perform multiple operations by using the single
name of any method (interface). Any Java object that can pass more than one IS-A test is
considered to be polymorphic. In Java, all Java objects are polymorphic since any object will
pass the IS-A test for its own type and for the class Object.

Java is an Object-Oriented programming language. In Java, the classes and objects are the basic and
important features of object-oriented programming system, Java supports the following fundamental
OOPs concepts

As per dictionary, abstraction is the quality of dealing with ideas rather than events. For example, when
you consider the case of e-mail, complex details such as what happens as soon as you send an e-mail,
the protocol your e-mail server uses are hidden from the user. Therefore, to send an e-mail you just
need to type the content, mention the address of the receiver, and click send.

Encapsulation is one of the four fundamental OOP concepts. The other three are inheritance,
polymorphism, and abstraction.

Encapsulation in Java is a mechanism of wrapping the data (variables) and code acting on the
data (methods) together as a single unit. In encapsulation, the variables of a class will be hidden
from other classes, and can be accessed only through the methods of their current class.
Therefore, it is also known as data hiding.

Java is a general-purpose, high-level programming language. Java is used for web development,
Machine Learning, and other cutting-edge software development. Java programming language
was originally developed by Sun Microsystems which was initiated by James Gosling and
released in 1995 as core component of Sun Microsystems' Java platform (Java 1.0 [J2SE])

C++ is a middle-level, case-sensitive, object-oriented programming language. Bjarne Stroustrup


created C++ at Bell Labs. C++ is a platform-independent programming language that works on
Windows, Mac OS, and Linux. C++ is near to hardware, allowing low-level programming. This
provides a developer control over memory, improved performance, and dependable software.

Read through this article to get an overview of C++ and Java and how these two programming
languages are different from each other.
What is Java?
The latest release of the Java Standard Edition is Java SE 23. With the advancement of Java and
its widespread popularity, multiple configurations were built to suit various types of platforms.
For example: J2EE for Enterprise Applications, J2ME for Mobile Applications.

The new J2 versions were renamed as Java SE, Java EE, and Java ME respectively. Java is
guaranteed to be Write Once, Run Anywhere.

Features of Java

Java is −

 Object Oriented − In Java, everything is an Object. Java can be easily extended since it
is based on the Object model.
 Platform Independent − Unlike many other programming languages including C and
C++, when Java is compiled, it is not compiled into platform specific machine,
rather into platform independent byte code. This byte code is distributed over the web
and interpreted by the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) on whichever platform it is being run
on.
 Simple − Java is designed to be easy to learn. If you understand the basic concept of
OOP Java, it would be easy to master.
 Secure − With Java's secure feature it enables to develop virus-free, tamper-free systems.
Authentication techniques are based on public-key encryption.
 Architecture-neutral − Java compiler generates an architecture-neutral object file
format, which makes the compiled code executable on many processors, with the
presence of Java runtime system.
 Portable − Being architecture-neutral and having no implementation dependent aspects
of the specification makes Java portable. Compiler in Java is written in ANSI C with a
clean portability boundary, which is a POSIX subset.
 Robust − Java makes an effort to eliminate error prone situations by emphasizing mainly
on compile time error checking and runtime checking.
 Multithreaded − With Java's multithreaded feature it is possible to write programs that
can perform many tasks simultaneously. This design feature allows the developers to
construct interactive applications that can run smoothly.
 Interpreted − Java byte code is translated on the fly to native machine instructions and is
not stored anywhere. The development process is more rapid and analytical since the
linking is an incremental and light-weight process.
 High Performance − With the use of Just-In-Time compilers, Java enables high
performance.
 Distributed − Java is designed for the distributed environment of the internet.
 Dynamic − Java is considered to be more dynamic than C or C++ since it is
designed to adapt to an evolving environment. Java programs can carry extensive amount
of run-time information that can be used to verify and resolve accesses to objects on run-
time

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