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CE2002 Lecture1

The course 'Structural System I' introduces engineering students to the analysis of various structural elements such as beams, trusses, and cables, focusing on methods to compute deflections and reactions. Key topics include types of structures, equilibrium equations, and the analysis of statically determinate and indeterminate structures. The course emphasizes the importance of safety, economy, and utility in structural engineering projects.

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Yasin Canbay
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7 views42 pages

CE2002 Lecture1

The course 'Structural System I' introduces engineering students to the analysis of various structural elements such as beams, trusses, and cables, focusing on methods to compute deflections and reactions. Key topics include types of structures, equilibrium equations, and the analysis of statically determinate and indeterminate structures. The course emphasizes the importance of safety, economy, and utility in structural engineering projects.

Uploaded by

Yasin Canbay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM I

Why are CIVIL ENGINEERS important?


STRUCTURAL SYSTEM I

Purpose
This course introduces engineering students to the basic techniques
required for analyzing the majority of structures and the elements of
which most structures are composed, including beams, frames,
arches, trusses and cables.
It provide methods also, to compute the deflections of structures.
Main aim of this course is to define the structural systems and to
analyze them .
Analysis of statically determinate structures; reactions, shear, and
moment; truss analysis; deflections; influence lines and moving
loads.
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TEXTBOOK/RECOMMENDED READING

Textbook:
• Structural Analysis, Hibbeler, R.C., Prentice Hall,
New Jersey.

Recommended:
• Analysis and Behavior of Structures, Rossow,
E.C., Prentice Hall.
COURSE CONTENT

Introduction
Types of Structures and Loads
Principle of Superposition
Equations of Equilibrium
Determinacy and Stability
Analysis of Statically Determinate Trusses
Internal Loadings
Shear-Moment Diagrams for Beams
Shear-Moment Diagrams for Frames
Influence Lines
Deflections
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Mechanics is the branch of physics concerned with the behavior of physical


bodies when subjected to forces or displacements, and the subsequent
effect of the bodies on their environment
• Statics bodies at rest or moving with uniform velocity
• Dynamics bodies accelerating
• Strength of materials deformation of bodies under forces
• Structural mechanics focus on behavior of structures under loads

Structural Analysis is a process by which the structural engineer


determines the response of a structure to be specified loads or actions

Response
Magnitude of force development (collapse)
Magnitude of deformation (serviceability)
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Structural engineering projects can be divided into 4 stages:


1. Planning phase
• Material
• Structural form
• Planning phase
2. Analysis
3. Design
4. Construction
Structural Analysis involves many consideration: Safety, economy, utility
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM I

Therefore, the purpose of structural analysis is to determine the reactions,


internal forces and deformations at any point of a given structure caused
by applied loads and forces.

Types of Structural forms:


1. Tension and compression structures
2. Flexural beam and frame structures (load carrying is achieved by
bending)
3. Surface structures (load carrying is by membrane action)
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Important Structural Properties:


Strength:
Ability to withstand a given stress without failure. Depends on type of material and type of
force (tension or compression).
Stiffness:
Property related to deformation. Stiffer structural elements deform less under the same
applied load. Stiffness depends on type of material (E), structural shape, and structural
configuration.
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Stress Strain
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Types of Structural Structures


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Folded plate structures are assemblies of flat


plates, or slabs, inclined in different directions and
joined along their longitudinal edges. In this way
the structural system is capable of carrying loads
without the need for additional supporting beams
along mutual edges.
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Idealized structure
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For equilibrium:
å Fx = 0 å Fy = 0 å Fz = 0
å M x =0 å M y =0 å M z =0
Determinacy
• Equilibrium eqns provide sufficient conditions for
equilibrium
• All forces can be determined strictly from these eqns
• No. of unknown forces > equilibrium eqn
=> statically indeterminate
• This can be determined using a free body diagram

r = 3n, statically determinate


r > 3n, statically indeterminate
The additional eqns needed to solve for the unknown eqns are referred to as
compatibility eqns
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Statically determinate
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Statically indeterminate
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Why do we study indeterminate structures?


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Determinacy for trusses

Total unknowns = forces in b no. of bars of the truss + total no.


of external support reactions

å Fx = 0 and å Fy = 0

By comparing the total unknowns with the total no. of available


equilibrium eqn, we have:

b + r = 2 j statically determinate
b + r > 2 j statically indeterminate
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Methods of joints
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Methods of joints
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How to calculate shear force and bending moment?

1. Calculate the support reactions.


2. Cut the beam at the point of interest.
3. Show the internal shear force and bending moment.
4. Formulate the equilibrium equations.
5. Solve the equations for the shear force and bending moment.
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References

ENCE353-Structural-Analysis-Overview2011-08-28 (MIT)

Dr. Sivand Lakmazaheri

Structural Analysis, Hibbeler, R.C., Prentice Hall, New Jersey


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https://youtu.be/od_MpNUzeCE
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