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Module-52-2015

The document discusses data analysis methods for half fractions in 2^p studies, focusing on the application of the Yates algorithm to derive statistical significance and practical importance of estimates. It explains how to create confidence intervals for sums of effects, particularly when some replication is present, and provides examples to illustrate the concepts. Additionally, it highlights the challenges of analyzing unreplicated half fractions and offers tentative conclusions based on a specific study.

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Dame Yenyetou
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

Module-52-2015

The document discusses data analysis methods for half fractions in 2^p studies, focusing on the application of the Yates algorithm to derive statistical significance and practical importance of estimates. It explains how to create confidence intervals for sums of effects, particularly when some replication is present, and provides examples to illustrate the concepts. Additionally, it highlights the challenges of analyzing unreplicated half fractions and offers tentative conclusions based on a specific study.

Uploaded by

Dame Yenyetou
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

IE 361 Module 52

Design and Analysis of Experiments Part 12


(Data Analysis for a Half Fraction)

Reading: Section 6.1 Statistical Methods for Quality Assurance

ISU and Analytics Iowa LLC

(ISU and Analytics Iowa LLC) IE 361 Module 52 1/8


Data Analysis for a Half Fraction

To do data analysis for a half fraction of a 2p study, one may


initially temporarily ignore the “last” factor, treat the data as a full
factorial in the “…rst” p 1 factors, and judge the statistical
signi…cance and practical importance of estimates derived from the
Yates algorithm, and
then interpret these estimates in light of the alias structure (as
estimates of appropriate sums of 2p e¤ects).

For judging statistical signi…cance, where there is some replication (not all
2p 1 sample sizes are 1) con…dence intervals can be made for the (sums
of) e¤ects. Lacking any replication, normal plotting of the output of the
Yates algorithm (ignoring the “last” factor) is the only available method.

(ISU and Analytics Iowa LLC) IE 361 Module 52 2/8


Data Analysis for a Half Fraction With Some Replication
Con…dence Limits for Sums of Two E¤ects in a Half Fraction

To be completely explicit about the making of con…dence intervals based


on the output of the Yates, algorithm, we use
r
1 1
b tspooled
E
2 p 1 ∑ ncomb
where
2
2 ∑ (ncombination 1) scombination
spooled =
∑ (ncombination 1)
and the appropriate degrees of freedom for t are

∑ (ncombination 1) = n 2p 1

(ISU and Analytics Iowa LLC) IE 361 Module 52 3/8


Data Analysis for a Half Fraction With Some Replication
Example 52-1 (Another Hypothetical Half Fraction of a 2X2X2 Study)

Suppose

na = 1, ya = 5, nb = 2, ȳb = 3, sb2 = 1.5, nc = 1, yc = 2.5, and


2
nabc = 3, ȳabc = 5.5, sabc = 1.8

Then listing the 4 combinations in Yates standard order as regards the


"…rst" 2 factors A and B (i.e. ignoring the "last" factor, C), the
(p 1 = 2 cycle) Yates algorithm is applied to the following table.

Combination ȳ
c 2.5
a 5.0
b 3.0
abc 3.0

(ISU and Analytics Iowa LLC) IE 361 Module 52 4/8


Data Analysis for a Half Fraction With Some Replication
Example 52-1 continued

Con…dence intervals based on the output of the algorithm would be made


using
2 0 + (2 1)1.5 + 0 + (3 1)1.8
spooled =
0 + (2 1) + 0 + (3 1)
These have the form
r
b 1 1 1 1 1
E t3 spooled + + +
23 1 1 2 1 3

(ISU and Analytics Iowa LLC) IE 361 Module 52 5/8


Data Analysis for an Unreplicated Half Fraction
Example 51-2 continued

Snee’s 25 1 study had no replication. Ignoring factor E temporarily, the


(4-cycle) Yates algorithm can be applied to the 16 responses exactly as
listed earlier (they are in Yates order as regards the …rst 4 factors). The
result is the set of estimates below.

Figure: Estimates for Snee’s Chemical Data


(ISU and Analytics Iowa LLC) IE 361 Module 52 6/8
Data Analysis for an Unreplicated Half Fraction
Example 51-2 continued

A normal plot of the (last 15) Snee estimates is below and suggests that
at most 4 sums of e¤ects are distinguishable from background variation.

Figure: A Normal Plot of 15 Fitted Sums of E¤ects From Snee’s 25 1 Study

(ISU and Analytics Iowa LLC) IE 361 Module 52 7/8


Data Analysis for an Unreplicated Half Fraction
Example 51-2 continued

Tentative engineering conclusions based on Snee’s study were that for


uniform color index, attention must be paid to controlling/reducing
variation in the following (in decreasing order of importance):
Factor D, Reactant Purity
Factor B, Catalyst/Reactant Ratio
Factor E, pH of Reactant
Factor A, Solvent/Reactant Ratio

(ISU and Analytics Iowa LLC) IE 361 Module 52 8/8

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