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DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING

CEN 111: PRINCIPLES OF

REINFORCED/PRESTRESSED
CONCRETE (LECTURE 4)
PREPARED BY: ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.
 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING FLEXURAL ANALYSIS OF RC BEAM

C.) COLLAPSED CONCRETE STAGE (ULTIMATE STRENGTH DESIGN)

- As the load is increased further so that the
compressive stresses are greater than 0.50𝑓𝑐 ′,
the tensile cracks move farther upward, as
does the neutral axis, and the concrete
compression stresses begin to change
appreciably from a straight line.

- After the concrete compression stresses

exceed about 0.50 𝑓𝑐 ′ , the compressive
stresses vary from zero at the neutral axis to a
maximum value at or near the extreme fiber.

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING FLEXURAL ANALYSIS OF RC BEAM

C.) COLLAPSED CONCRETE STAGE (ULTIMATE STRENGTH DESIGN)

• Whitney (author of “Plastic Theory of • The area of this rectangular block should
Reinforced Concrete Design” in 1942) equal that of the curved stress block, and
replaced the curved stress block with an the centroids of the two blocks should
equivalent rectangular block of intensity coincide.
0.85𝒇𝒄 ′ and depth 𝐚 = 𝜷𝟏 𝒄.

• Where 𝜷𝟏 is dependent on
the grade of concrete
used.

• Values of 𝜷𝟏 shall be in
accordance with table
422.2.2.4.3 of NSCP 2015.

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING

(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)

USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
DESIGN PRINCIPLE Required Strength:
• refers to the strength that a structural
member carries due to the imposed
factored load

Design Strength:
• refers to the reduced actual strength
capacity of a structural element to
carry the imposed factored loads and
forces
• it's the minimum strength needed to
ensure that the structure remains safe

Nominal Strength:
• refers to the unreduced actual strength
capacity of a structural element

Reduction Factor:
• is a safety margin used to lower the
calculated strength of a structural
element.
CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.
 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
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USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
DESIGN PRINCIPLE
LOAD COMBINATIONS
(USD – NSCP 2015):

1. 1.4D

2. 1.2D + 1.6L + 0.5(Lr or R)

3. 1.2D + 1.6(Lr or R) + (1.0L or 0.5W)

4. 1.2D + 1.0W + 1.0L + 0.5(Lr or R)

5. 1.2D + 1.0E + 1.0L

6. 0.9D + 1.0W

7. 0.9D + 1.0E

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
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STRENGTH REDUCTION FACTOR, ∅

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

𝑾𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆:
𝒇′𝒄 = 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉
𝒇𝒔 = 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒍 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉
𝒅 = 𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉
𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇 = 𝒆𝒙𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒎𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓. 𝒇𝒊𝒃𝒆𝒓
𝑨𝒄 = 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒌
𝒄 = 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒏𝒆𝒖𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒔 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇
𝒂 = 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒌
𝒂
𝒅− = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒘𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝑪 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑻 (𝒍𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓 𝒂𝒓𝒎)
𝟐

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

𝑾𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆:
𝒇′𝒄 = 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝑨𝒄 = 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒌
𝒇𝒔 = 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒍 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒄 = 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒏𝒆𝒖𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒔 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇
𝒅 = 𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒂 = 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒌 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇
𝒂
𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇 = 𝒆𝒙𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒎𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓. 𝒇𝒊𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒅− = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒘𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝑪 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑻 (𝒍𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓 𝒂𝒓𝒎)
𝟐

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

ESSENTIAL FORMULAS (FOR SRRB):

𝑪 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓𝒇′𝒄 𝒂𝒃 - Axial Compressive Force

𝑻 = 𝑨𝒔 𝒇𝒔 - Axial Tensile Force (non-yielding)

𝑻 = 𝑨𝒔 𝒇𝒚 - Axial Tensile Force (yielding)

Nominal Moment:

𝑾𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆:
𝑴𝒏 = 𝑪 𝒅 − 𝒂/𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓𝒇′𝒄 𝒂𝒃 𝒅 − 𝒂/𝟐
𝒇′𝒄 = 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝑨𝒄 = 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒌
𝒇𝒔 = 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒍 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒄 = 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒏𝒆𝒖𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒔 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇 𝑴𝒏 = 𝑻 𝒅 − 𝒂/𝟐 = 𝑨𝒔 𝒇𝒚 𝒅 − 𝒂/𝟐
𝒅 = 𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒂 = 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒌 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇
𝒂
𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇 = 𝒆𝒙𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒎𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓. 𝒇𝒊𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒅− = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒘𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝑪 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑻 (𝒍𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓 𝒂𝒓𝒎)
𝟐

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

ESSENTIAL FORMULAS (FOR SRRB):
Design Moment:

∅𝑴𝒏 = ∅𝑪 𝒅 − 𝒂/𝟐 = ∅𝑻 𝒅 − 𝒂/𝟐

∅𝑴𝒏 = ∅ 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓𝒇′𝒄 𝒂𝒃 𝒅 − 𝒂/𝟐
∅𝑴𝒏 = ∅ 𝑨𝒔 𝒇𝒚 𝒅 − 𝒂/𝟐

𝑾𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆:
𝒇′𝒄 = 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝑨𝒄 = 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒌
𝒇𝒔 = 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒍 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒄 = 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒏𝒆𝒖𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒔 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇
𝒅 = 𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒂 = 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒌 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇
𝒂
𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇 = 𝒆𝒙𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒎𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓. 𝒇𝒊𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒅− = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒘𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝑪 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑻 (𝒍𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓 𝒂𝒓𝒎)
𝟐

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

ESSENTIAL FORMULAS (FOR SRRB):
Depth of compression block:

𝑨𝒔 𝒇𝒚
𝒂=
𝟎. 𝟖𝟓𝒇′𝒄 𝒃

Percentage of tensile steel (steel ratio):

𝑨𝒔
𝝆=
𝒃𝒅
𝑾𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆:
𝒇′𝒄 = 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝑨𝒄 = 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒌
𝒇𝒔 = 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒍 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒄 = 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒏𝒆𝒖𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒔 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇
𝒅 = 𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒂 = 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒌 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇
𝒂
𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇 = 𝒆𝒙𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒎𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓. 𝒇𝒊𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒅− = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒘𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝑪 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑻 (𝒍𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓 𝒂𝒓𝒎)
𝟐

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

OTHER DERIVED FORMULAS (FOR SRRB):
Depth of compression block (in terms of ρ):

𝝆 ∙ 𝒅 ∙ 𝒇𝒚
𝒂=
𝟎. 𝟖𝟓𝒇′𝒄

Design Moment (in terms of ρ):

𝟐
𝝆𝒇𝒚
∅𝑴𝒏 = 𝑴𝒖 = ∅𝒃𝒅 𝒇𝒚 𝝆 𝟏 −
𝟏. 𝟕𝒇𝒄 ′
𝑾𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆:
𝒇′𝒄 = 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝑨𝒄 = 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒌
𝒇𝒔 = 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒍 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒄 = 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒏𝒆𝒖𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒔 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇
𝒅 = 𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒂 = 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒌 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇
𝒂
𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇 = 𝒆𝒙𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒎𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓. 𝒇𝒊𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒅− = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒘𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝑪 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑻 (𝒍𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓 𝒂𝒓𝒎)
𝟐

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

OTHER DERIVED FORMULAS (FOR SRRB):
Design Moment (in terms of ρ):

𝝆𝒇𝒚
∅𝑴𝒏 = 𝑴𝒖 = ∅𝒃𝒅𝟐 𝒇𝒚 𝝆 𝟏 −
𝟏. 𝟕𝒇𝒄 ′

𝑴𝒖
Let; 𝑹𝒏 =
∅𝒃𝒅𝟐

Percentage of tensile steel required:

𝑾𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆:
𝒇′𝒄 = 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝑨𝒄 = 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒌 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓𝒇𝒄 ′ 𝟐𝑹𝒏
𝒇𝒔 = 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒍 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒄 = 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒏𝒆𝒖𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒔 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇 𝝆= 𝟏− 𝟏−
𝒅 = 𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒂 = 𝒅𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒌 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇 𝒇𝒚 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓𝒇𝒄 ′
𝒂
𝒆𝒄𝒄𝒇 = 𝒆𝒙𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒎𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓. 𝒇𝒊𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒅− = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒘𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝑪 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑻 (𝒍𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓 𝒂𝒓𝒎)
𝟐

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #01:
Determine the values of the depth of compression block “a”, the distance from neutral axis to eccf “c”, and the
tension steel strain “𝜀𝑡 ” for the beam shown in the figure. Let 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa and 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 20.7 MPa.

530 mm

3–28 mm
diam. bar

350 mm

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #01:
Determine the values of the depth of compression block “a”, the distance from neutral axis to eccf “c”, and the
tension steel strain “𝜀𝑡 ” for the beam shown in the figure. Let 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa and 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 20.7 MPa.
𝑺𝑻𝑹𝑨𝑰𝑵 𝑫𝑰𝑨𝑮𝑹𝑨𝑴 𝑺𝑻𝑹𝑬𝑺𝑺 𝑫𝑰𝑨𝑮𝑹𝑨𝑴

𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑓 0.003 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

𝑎/2
𝑐 𝑎 𝑪

530 mm 𝑑 = 530𝑚𝑚 𝑵. 𝑨.
ℎ 𝑎
𝟐 625 −
𝝅 𝟐𝟖 530 − 𝑐 2
3–28 mm 𝑨𝒔 = 𝟑 ×
diam. bar 𝟒

𝜀𝑠 𝑻

𝑏 = 350𝑚𝑚
350 mm

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #01:
Determine the values of the depth of compression block “a”, the distance from neutral axis to eccf “c”, and the
tension steel strain “𝜀𝑡 ” for the beam shown in the figure. Let 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa and 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 20.7 MPa.

Note: For the stress of tension steel, let

us first assume that the tension bars
will yield. Therefore, 𝒇𝒔 = 𝒇𝒚 .
0.85𝑓𝑐′ 𝑎𝑏 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦
2
𝜋 28
0.85 20.7 𝑎 350 = 3 414
4

Step 1: Equate axial compressive ∴ 𝒂 = 𝟏𝟐𝟒. 𝟏𝟖𝟓𝒎𝒎

force “C” to axial tensile force “T”
𝐶=𝑇
′
0.85𝑓𝑐 𝑎𝑏 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑠
CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.
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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #01:
Determine the values of the depth of compression block “a”, the distance from neutral axis to eccf “c”, and the
tension steel strain “𝜀𝑡 ” for the beam shown in the figure. Let 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa and 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 20.7 MPa.

Step 2: Determine the value of “𝛽1 ” and “c”

∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓

∴ 𝒂 = 𝟏𝟐𝟒. 𝟏𝟖𝟓𝒎𝒎 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑎 = 𝑐𝛽1

𝑎 124.185
𝑐= = ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟒𝟔. 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎
𝛽1 0.85
CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.
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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #01:
Determine the values of the depth of compression block “a”, the distance from neutral axis to eccf “c”, and the
tension steel strain “𝜀𝑡 ” for the beam shown in the figure. Let 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa and 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 20.7 MPa.

Step 3: Determine the actual tension

steel strain “𝜀𝑠 or 𝜀𝑡 ”
From strain diagram:
0.003 𝜀𝑠
=
𝑐 𝑑−𝑐
0.003 𝜀𝑠
=
146.1 530 − 146.1
∴ 𝒂 = 𝟏𝟐𝟒. 𝟏𝟖𝟓𝒎𝒎
∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟖
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓
∴ 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟒𝟔. 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎
CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.
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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #01:
Determine the values of the depth of compression block “a”, the distance from neutral axis to eccf “c”, and the
tension steel strain “𝜀𝑡 ” for the beam shown in the figure. Let 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa and 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 20.7 MPa.

Final Step: Let us check if our initial

assumption from “Step 1” is correct.

𝑫𝒐𝒆𝒔 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒂𝒓𝒔 𝒚𝒊𝒆𝒍𝒅𝒔 ?

𝑓𝑦
𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙, 𝜀𝑦𝑠 =
𝐸
414 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝜀𝑦𝑠 =
∴ 𝒂 = 𝟏𝟐𝟒. 𝟏𝟖𝟓𝒎𝒎 ∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟖 200,000 𝑀𝑃𝑎
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 𝜺𝒚𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟕
∴ 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟒𝟔. 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎
CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.
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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #01:
Determine the values of the depth of compression block “a”, the distance from neutral axis to eccf “c”, and the
tension steel strain “𝜀𝑡 ” for the beam shown in the figure. Let 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa and 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 20.7 MPa.

Checking if the tension bar yields

thru the steel stress formula:
𝑑−𝑐 530 − 146.1
𝑓𝑠 = 600 = 600
𝑐 146.1
𝒇𝒔 = 𝟏𝟓𝟕𝟔. 𝟓𝟗 𝑴𝑷𝒂
Since the actual steel stress (1576.59 MPa) > 𝑓𝑦 (414 MPa)
Therefore the tension bar yields.
∴ 𝒂 = 𝟏𝟐𝟒. 𝟏𝟖𝟓𝒎𝒎 ∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟖 > 𝜺𝒚𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟕
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 Since the actual strain, 𝜺𝒔 (0.00788) > yield strain, 𝜺𝒚𝒔 (0.00207)
∴ 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟒𝟔. 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎 Therefore the tension bar yields, and the initial assumption is correct.
CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.
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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

CONDITIONS OF FAILURE

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

CONDITIONS OF FAILURE

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

STRENGTH REDUCTION FACTOR FOR BEAMS:

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

𝒄𝒃

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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SECTIONAL STRENGTH (Section 422 of NSCP 2015):

𝐒𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝟒𝟎𝟗. 𝟑. 𝟑. 𝟏 𝐨𝐟 𝐍𝐒𝐂𝐏 𝟐𝟎𝟏𝟓

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.a:

Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 28
MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 420 MPa.

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.a:

Determine the design moment capacity for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 28 MPa
and 𝑓𝑦 = 420 MPa.
𝑺𝑻𝑹𝑨𝑰𝑵 𝑫𝑰𝑨𝑮𝑹𝑨𝑴 𝑺𝑻𝑹𝑬𝑺𝑺 𝑫𝑰𝑨𝑮𝑹𝑨𝑴
Solution:
𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑓 0.003 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′
𝑎/2
𝑐 𝑎 𝑪

𝑑 = 625𝑚𝑚 𝑵. 𝑨.
ℎ = 700𝑚𝑚 𝑎
𝟐 625 −
𝝅 𝟑𝟐 625 − 𝑐 2
𝑨𝒔 = 𝟒 ×
𝟒

𝜀𝑠 𝑻

𝑏 = 350𝑚𝑚

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.a:

Determine the design moment capacity for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 28 MPa
and 𝑓𝑦 = 420 MPa.
Check for the steel ratio limitations:
Solution: 𝐴𝑠 𝜋 32 2
𝜌= = = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟒𝟕𝟏
𝑏𝑑 350 625

0.25 28 1.4
𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 = 𝑜𝑟 = 0.00315 𝑜𝑟 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟑𝟑
420 420
Step 1: Determine the value of 𝛽1
𝝆𝒎𝒊𝒏 < 𝝆 < 𝝆𝒎𝒂𝒙
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓
0.85 28 0.85 3
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟔𝟒
420 7

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.a:

Determine the design moment capacity for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 28 MPa
and 𝑓𝑦 = 420 MPa.
Step 2: Determine the value of “c”
Solution:
Note: Let’s assume first that the
tension steel will yield, so 𝒇𝒔 = 𝒇𝒚 .

𝐶=𝑇
0.85𝑓𝑐′ 𝑎𝑏 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑠
0.85𝑓𝑐′ 𝑐𝛽1 𝑏 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦

Step 1: Determine the value of 𝛽1 0.85 28 𝑐 × 0.85 350 = 𝜋 × 322 420

∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟗𝟎. 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝒎𝒎

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

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EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.a:

Determine the design moment capacity for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 28 MPa
and 𝑓𝑦 = 420 MPa.
Step 3: Compute for the tension
Solution: steel strain “𝜀𝑠 ”
0.003 𝜀𝑠
=
𝑐 𝑑−𝑐
0.003 𝜀𝑠
=
190.825 625 − 190.825
∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟔𝟖𝟑
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟗𝟎. 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝒎𝒎 Step 4: Determine if the initial assumption in “Step 1” is correct.
𝑓𝑦 420
𝜀𝑦𝑡 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑏𝑎𝑟 = = = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟏
𝐸 200,000
𝑺𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝜺𝒔 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟔𝟖𝟑 > 𝜺𝒚𝒕 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟏 , 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒂𝒓 𝒚𝒊𝒆𝒍𝒅𝒔.
𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒆, 𝒂𝒔𝒔𝒖𝒎𝒑𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒊𝒔 𝒄𝒐𝒓𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒕.
CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.
 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.a:

Determine the design moment capacity for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 28 MPa
and 𝑓𝑦 = 420 MPa.

Solution:

• ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION IN DETERMINING IF THE TENSION BAR

∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟗𝟎. 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝒎𝒎 YIELDS OR NOT (by using the steel stress formula):
∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟔𝟖𝟑 𝑑−𝑐 625 − 190.825
𝑓𝑠 = 600 = 600 = 𝟏𝟑𝟔𝟓. 𝟏𝟓 𝑴𝑷𝒂
𝑐 190.825
𝑺𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒇𝒔 𝟏𝟑𝟔𝟓. 𝟏𝟓 𝑴𝑷𝒂 > 𝒇𝒚 𝟒𝟐𝟎 𝑴𝑷𝒂 , 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒂𝒓 𝒚𝒊𝒆𝒍𝒅𝒔.

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.a:

Determine the design moment capacity for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 28 MPa
and 𝑓𝑦 = 420 MPa.
• ANOTHER ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION IN
Solution: DETERMINING IF THE TENSION BAR
YIELDS OR NOT (by using steel ratio,
ρ):

𝐴𝑠 𝜋 × 322
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟗𝟎. 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝒎𝒎 𝜌= =
𝑏𝑑 350 625
∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟔𝟖𝟑 𝝆 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟒𝟕𝟏
0.85𝑓𝑐 ′𝛽1 600 0.85 28 0.85 600 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝝆 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟒𝟕𝟏 < 𝝆𝒃 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟖𝟑𝟑 , 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒂𝒓 𝒚𝒊𝒆𝒍𝒅𝒔.
𝜌𝑏 = =
𝑓𝑦 600 + 𝑓𝑦 420 600 + 420
𝝆𝒃 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟖𝟑𝟑
CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.
 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.a:

Determine the design moment capacity for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 28 MPa
and 𝑓𝑦 = 420 MPa.

Solution:

Step 5.a: Determine the nominal

moment (𝑴𝒏 = 𝑻 𝒅 − 𝒂/𝟐 )
𝑎 𝑐𝛽1
𝑀𝑛 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑠 𝑑 − = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑠 𝑑 −
2 2
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟗𝟎. 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝒎𝒎 190.825 0.85
𝑀𝑛 = 𝜋 × 322 420 625 −
∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟔𝟖𝟑 2
𝑀𝑛 = 734.882 × 106 𝑁 − 𝑚𝑚
𝑴𝒏 = 𝟕𝟑𝟒. 𝟖𝟖𝟐 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.a:

Determine the design moment capacity for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 28 MPa
and 𝑓𝑦 = 420 MPa.

Solution:

Step 5.b: Determine the nominal

moment (𝑴𝒏 = 𝑪 𝒅 − 𝒂/𝟐 )
′
𝑎 ′
𝑐𝛽1
𝑀𝑛 = 0.85𝑓𝑐 𝑎𝑏 𝑑 − = 0.85𝑓𝑐 𝑐𝛽1 𝑏 𝑑 −
2 2
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟗𝟎. 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝒎𝒎 190.825 0.85
𝑀𝑛 = 0.85 28 190.825 × 0.85 350 625 −
∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟔𝟖𝟑 2
𝑀𝑛 = 734.882 × 106 𝑁 − 𝑚𝑚
∴ 𝑴𝒏 = 𝟕𝟑𝟒. 𝟖𝟖𝟐 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.a:

Determine the design moment capacity for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 28 MPa
and 𝑓𝑦 = 420 MPa.

Solution:
Step 6: Determine the strength
reduction factor ∅

∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟗𝟎. 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝒎𝒎
∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟔𝟖𝟑
∴ 𝑴𝒏 = 𝟕𝟑𝟒. 𝟖𝟖𝟐 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎
𝑺𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝜺𝒔 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟔𝟖𝟑 > 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟓, ∴ 𝑻𝑬𝑵𝑺𝑰𝑶𝑵 − 𝑪𝑶𝑵𝑻𝑹𝑶𝑳𝑳𝑬𝑫
∴ ∅ = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟎
CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.
 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.a:

Determine the design moment capacity for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ = 28 MPa
and 𝑓𝑦 = 420 MPa.

Solution:
Step 7: Determine the design
moment (∅𝑀𝑛 )

∅𝑀𝑛 = 0.90 734.882

∅𝑴𝒏 = 𝟔𝟔𝟏. 𝟑𝟗𝟐 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎

∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟗𝟎. 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝒎𝒎 ANSWER

∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟔𝟖𝟑
∴ 𝑴𝒏 = 𝟕𝟑𝟒. 𝟖𝟖𝟐 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎
∴ ∅ = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟎

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.b:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa.

400mm
3 – 36 mm 475mm

75mm

300mm

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.b:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa.
SOLUTION: 𝑺𝑻𝑹𝑨𝑰𝑵 𝑫𝑰𝑨𝑮𝑹𝑨𝑴 𝑺𝑻𝑹𝑬𝑺𝑺 𝑫𝑰𝑨𝑮𝑹𝑨𝑴

𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑓 0.003 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

𝑎/2
𝑐 𝑎 𝑪

𝑑 = 400𝑚𝑚 𝑵. 𝑨.
ℎ = 475𝑚𝑚 𝑎
𝟐 400 −
𝝅 𝟑𝟔 400 − 𝑐 2
𝑨𝒔 = 𝟑 ×
𝟒

𝜀𝑠 𝑻

𝑏 = 300𝑚𝑚

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.b:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa.
SOLUTION: Check for the steel ratio limitations:
3 × 𝜋 36 2ൗ
𝐴𝑠 4
𝜌= = = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟓𝟒𝟓
𝑏𝑑 300 400

0.25 27.6 1.4

𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 = 𝑜𝑟 = 0.00317 𝑜𝑟 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟑𝟖
414 414
Step 1: Determine the value of 𝛽1
𝝆 > 𝝆𝒎𝒂𝒙
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓
0.85 27.6 0.85 3
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟔𝟒
414 7

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.b:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa.
𝝆 > 𝝆𝒎𝒂𝒙
SOLUTION:
Step 2: Determine the value of “c”
Note: Now let’s assume that the
tension steel will yield.
𝐶=𝑇
0.85𝑓𝑐′ 𝑎𝑏 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑠
0.85𝑓𝑐′ 𝑎𝑏 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦
2
𝜋 36
Step 1: Determine the value of 𝛽1 0.85 27.6 𝑐 × 0.85 300 = 3 ×
4
414

∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟐𝟏𝟏. 𝟑𝟐𝟒𝒎𝒎

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.b:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa.
𝝆 > 𝝆𝒎𝒂𝒙
SOLUTION: Step 3: Compute for the tension
steel strain “𝜀𝑠 ”
0.003 𝜀𝑠
=
𝑐 𝑑−𝑐
0.003 𝜀𝑠
=
211.324 400 − 211.324
∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟔𝟖
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟐𝟏𝟏. 𝟑𝟐𝟒𝒎𝒎 Step 4: Determine if the initial assumption in “Step 1” is correct.
𝑓𝑦 414
𝜀𝑦𝑡 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑏𝑎𝑟 = = = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟕
𝐸 200,000
𝑺𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝜺𝒔 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟔𝟖 > 𝜺𝒚𝒕 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟕 , 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒂𝒓 𝒚𝒊𝒆𝒍𝒅𝒔.
𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒆, 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒂𝒔𝒔𝒖𝒎𝒑𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒊𝒔 𝒄𝒐𝒓𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒕.
CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.
 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.b:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa.
𝝆 > 𝝆𝒎𝒂𝒙
SOLUTION:

Step 5.a: Determine the nominal

moment (𝑴𝒏 = 𝑻 𝒅 − 𝒂/𝟐 )
𝑎 𝑐𝛽1
𝑀𝑛 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑠 𝑑 − = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦 𝑑 −
2 2
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟐𝟏𝟏. 𝟑𝟐𝟒𝒎𝒎 𝜋 36 2 211.324 0.85
𝜺𝒚𝒕 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟕 𝑀𝑛 = 3 × 414 400 −
∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟔𝟖 4 2
𝑀𝑛 = 392.14 × 106 𝑁 − 𝑚𝑚
𝑴𝒏 = 𝟑𝟗𝟐. 𝟏𝟒 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.b:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa.
𝝆 > 𝝆𝒎𝒂𝒙
SOLUTION:

Step 5.b: Determine the nominal

moment (𝑴𝒏 = 𝑪 𝒅 − 𝒂/𝟐 )
′
𝑎 ′
𝑐𝛽1
𝑀𝑛 = 0.85𝑓𝑐 𝑎𝑏 𝑑 − = 0.85𝑓𝑐 𝑐𝛽1 𝑏 𝑑 −
2 2
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟐𝟏𝟏. 𝟑𝟐𝟒𝒎𝒎 211.324 0.85
𝑀𝑛 = 0.85 27.6 211.324 × 0.85 300 400 −
∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟔𝟖 𝜺𝒚𝒕 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟕 2
𝑀𝑛 = 392.14 × 106 𝑁 − 𝑚𝑚
∴ 𝑴𝒏 = 𝟑𝟗𝟐. 𝟏𝟒 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.b:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa.
𝝆 > 𝝆𝒎𝒂𝒙
SOLUTION:

Step 6: Determine the strength

reduction factor ∅

∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟐𝟏𝟏. 𝟑𝟐𝟒𝒎𝒎
∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟔𝟖 𝜺𝒚𝒕 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟕
∴ 𝑴𝒏 = 𝟑𝟗𝟐. 𝟏𝟒 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎
𝑺𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝜺𝒚𝒕 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟕 < 𝜺𝒔 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟔𝟖 < 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟓, ∴ 𝑻𝑹𝑨𝑵𝑺𝑰𝑻𝑰𝑶𝑵 − 𝑪𝑶𝑵𝑻𝑹𝑶𝑳𝑳𝑬𝑫
𝜺𝒔 − 𝜺𝒚𝒕
∴ ∅ = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟓 + 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓
CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟓 − 𝜺𝒚𝒕 ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.
 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.b:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa.
𝝆 > 𝝆𝒎𝒂𝒙
SOLUTION: ∴ 𝑻𝑹𝑨𝑵𝑺𝑰𝑻𝑰𝑶𝑵 − 𝑪𝑶𝑵𝑻𝑹𝑶𝑳𝑳𝑬𝑫

𝜺𝒔 − 𝜺𝒚𝒕
∴ ∅ = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟓 + 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓
𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟓 − 𝜺𝒚𝒕
𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟔𝟖 − 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟕
∴ ∅ = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟓 + 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓
𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟓 − 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟕
∴ ∅ = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟎𝟐
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟐𝟏𝟏. 𝟑𝟐𝟒𝒎𝒎
∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟔𝟖 𝜺𝒚𝒕 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟕
∴ 𝑴𝒏 = 𝟑𝟗𝟐. 𝟏𝟒 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.b:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa.
𝝆 > 𝝆𝒎𝒂𝒙
SOLUTION:

Step 7: Determine the design

moment (∅𝑀𝑛 )

∅𝑀𝑛 = 0.702 392.14

∅𝑴𝒏 = 𝟐𝟕𝟓. 𝟐𝟖𝟐 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎

∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟐𝟏𝟏. 𝟑𝟐𝟒𝒎𝒎 ANSWER

∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟔𝟖 𝜺𝒚𝒕 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟕
∴ 𝑴𝒏 = 𝟑𝟗𝟐. 𝟏𝟒 𝑲𝑵 − 𝒎
∴ ∅ = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟎𝟐

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.c:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa.

325mm
3 – 36 mm 400mm

75mm

300mm

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.c:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa.
SOLUTION: 𝑺𝑻𝑹𝑨𝑰𝑵 𝑫𝑰𝑨𝑮𝑹𝑨𝑴 𝑺𝑻𝑹𝑬𝑺𝑺 𝑫𝑰𝑨𝑮𝑹𝑨𝑴

𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑓 0.003 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

𝑎/2
𝑐 𝑎 𝑪

𝑑 = 325𝑚𝑚 𝑵. 𝑨.
ℎ = 400𝑚𝑚 𝑎
𝟐 325 −
𝝅 𝟑𝟔 325 − 𝑐 2
𝑨𝒔 = 𝟑 ×
𝟒

𝜀𝑠 𝑻

𝑏 = 300𝑚𝑚

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.c:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa.
SOLUTION: Check for the steel ratio limitations:
3 × 𝜋 36 2ൗ
𝐴𝑠 4
𝜌= = = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟏𝟑𝟐
𝑏𝑑 300 325

0.25 27.6 1.4

𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 = 𝑜𝑟 = 0.00317 𝑜𝑟 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟑𝟖
414 414
Step 1: Determine the value of 𝛽1
𝝆 > 𝝆𝒎𝒂𝒙
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓
0.85 27.6 0.85 3
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟔𝟒
414 7

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.c:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa. 𝝆 > 𝝆𝒎𝒂𝒙
SOLUTION:
Step 2: Determine the value of “c”
Note: Now let’s assume that the
tension steel will NOT yield.
𝐶=𝑇
0.85𝑓𝑐′ 𝑎𝑏 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑠
𝑑−𝑐
0.85𝑓𝑐′ 𝑎𝑏 = 𝐴𝑠 600
𝑐
Step 1: Determine the value of 𝛽1 𝜋 36 2 325 − 𝑐
0.85 27.6 𝑐 × 0.85 300 = 3 × 600
4 𝑐
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟗𝟕. 𝟓𝟔𝒎𝒎

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.c:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa. 𝝆 > 𝝆𝒎𝒂𝒙
SOLUTION: Step 3: Compute for the tension
steel strain “𝜀𝑠 ”
0.003 𝜀𝑠
=
𝑐 𝑑−𝑐
0.003 𝜀𝑠
=
197.56 325 − 197.56
∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟗𝟒
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟗𝟕. 𝟓𝟔𝒎𝒎 Step 4: Determine if the initial assumption in “Step 1” is correct.
𝑓𝑦 414
𝜀𝑦𝑡 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑏𝑎𝑟 = = = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟕
𝐸 200,000
𝑺𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝜺𝒔 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟗𝟒 < 𝜺𝒚𝒕 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟕 , 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒂𝒓 𝒅𝒊𝒅 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒚𝒊𝒆𝒍𝒅.
𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒆, 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒂𝒔𝒔𝒖𝒎𝒑𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒊𝒔 𝒄𝒐𝒓𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒕.
CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.
 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.c:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa. 𝝆 > 𝝆𝒎𝒂𝒙
SOLUTION:

• ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION IN DETERMINING IF THE TENSION BAR

∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟗𝟕. 𝟓𝟔𝒎𝒎 YIELDS OR NOT (by using the steel stress formula):
∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟗𝟒
𝑑−𝑐 325 − 197.56
𝑓𝑠 = 600 = 600 = 𝟑𝟖𝟕. 𝟎𝟒 𝑴𝑷𝒂
𝑐 197.56
𝑺𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒇𝒔 𝟑𝟖𝟕. 𝟎𝟒 < 𝒇𝒚 𝟒𝟐𝟎 𝑴𝑷𝒂 , 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒂𝒓𝒔 𝒅𝒊𝒅 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒚𝒊𝒆𝒍𝒅.

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #02.c:
Determine the design moment capacity (∅𝑀𝑛 ) for the beam cross-section shown in the figure if 𝑓𝑐 ′ =
27.6 MPa and 𝑓𝑦 = 414 MPa.
• A beam whose compression side
SOLUTION: controls (in which compression strain
reaches 0.003 before the steel yields),
the member can suddenly fail without
warning. As the load on such a
member is increased, its deflection
will usually not be particularly
noticeable. These members are
“compression controlled” and are
referred to as brittle members. Such
members must be avoided.
∴ 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∴ 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟗𝟕. 𝟓𝟔𝒎𝒎
∴ 𝜺𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟗𝟒 ∴ 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒊𝒔 𝒏𝒐𝒕
𝒅𝒖𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒍𝒆 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒎𝒂𝒚
𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒃𝒆 𝒖𝒔𝒆𝒅.

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.

 HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY
(FLEXURAL STRENGTH IN BEAMS – SRRB)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
USD/STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD

SEATWORK PROBLEM:
Given the following data of a singly-reinforced rectangular beam (SRRB):
Compute the design moment strength (KN-m)
Beam width, b (mm) = 250
Beam depth, h (mm) = 400
Clear concrete cover to stirrups (mm) = 40
Clear spacing of two or more layers (mm) = 50
Size of stirrups (mm) = 10
Steel strength:
Longitudinal reinforcement, f y (MPa) = 276
Yield strain, εsy = 0.00138
Transverse reinforcement, f yt (MPa) = 276
Concrete strength, f' c (MPa) = 20.7
∴ β1 = 0.85

The design moment should be close to 64.33 KN-m.

CEN 111: REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ENGR. MARKE G. PARAGUYA, C.E.