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Research For Sts Group

The Babylonian Civilization, centered in the city of Babylon, was established around 1792 BCE and became a significant political and commercial hub in Mesopotamia under Hammurabi. Known for its inventions such as the first written language, maps, the sailboat, and the wheel, the civilization also produced remarkable architectural structures like ziggurats. The empire fell to the Persian Empire in 539 BCE, but its cultural and technological contributions remain influential.

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14 views2 pages

Research For Sts Group

The Babylonian Civilization, centered in the city of Babylon, was established around 1792 BCE and became a significant political and commercial hub in Mesopotamia under Hammurabi. Known for its inventions such as the first written language, maps, the sailboat, and the wheel, the civilization also produced remarkable architectural structures like ziggurats. The empire fell to the Persian Empire in 539 BCE, but its cultural and technological contributions remain influential.

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RESEARCH FOR STS GROUP

Babylonian Civilizaton

Babylonian Civilization:

This famous civilization if from the antique city of Babylon, capital of Southern Mesopotamia
near the Euphrates River.

The sixth and best-known of the Amorite dynasts, Hammurabi (1792–50 BCE), conquered the
surrounding city-states and raised Babylon to the capital of a kingdom comprising all of southern
Mesopotamia and part of Assyria (northern Iraq). Its political importance, together with its
favorable location, made it henceforth the main commercial and administrative center of
Babylonia, while its wealth and prestige made it a target for foreign conquerors.

The Babylonian Empire had many inventions in many fields. These included the first written
language, advanced geometry and astronomy, innovations in irrigation, and double-levelled
walls, which were constructed all around Babylon.

The Babylonian Empire is known for the Hanging Gardens. These were ostensibly created by
Nebuchadnezzar II during his reign in the Neo-Babylonian Period.

The Babylonian Empire began in 1792 B.C.E., when Babylon was established by Amorite kings.
It was destroyed in 539 B.C.E. when it was overtaken by the Persian Empire.

INVENTIONS OF BABYLONIAN EMPIRE

1. Maps - An ancient Babylonian cartographer created the world’s first map on a clay tablet in
2300 BC. The map covers a small region of Babylonia during the Akkadian Empire. It shows
trade routes and was used as a reference during military campaigns, hunting, and exploration.

2. Sailboat - Since Babylonia was located in between two famous rivers, the Tigris and the
Euphrates, the importance of traveling by water was soon recognized. Trade was at its peak
and traveling via land routes was cumbersome and time-consuming. The Babylonians soon
discovered an alternative when they realized the potential of water as a means of transportation.
The Babylonians invented the first sailboat with a basic structure and framework. The first
sailboat was square; it was made of cloth and relied on the wind to move.

3. First Wheel - Not only did Babylonia invent the sailboat for use on water, but also the wheel
for use on land routes. The oldest wheels were made of clay, rock, and mud, with wooden
wheels coming much later on. The Babylonians created the wheel in around 3,500 BC, the
earliest wheel being used for pottery. The first wheel did not have spokes and was in the form of
a roller. Gradually, wheels were joined together with an axle by drilling holes in them for the
shaft which went through the frame of a cart. The wheel was first used by the elite and the
wealthy for transport in 3200 BC, and soon its use for conveyance purposes, for pottery, in
machines, and for irrigation was widespread in Babylonia.

4. Chariots - Originally, carts were used for the transportation of goods and for traveling. Soon
they were being pulled by domestic animals, and this newly developed cart was known as a
chariot. The framework of the oldest chariot consisted of wood with a rim, and two-wheeled
chariots were used in battle and to transport weapons and other war provisions.

5. Art and Architecture - The Babylonians built gigantic stone structures which resembled huge
towers and were known as ziggurats. Etemenanki was a famous Babylonian ziggurat measuring
around 299 feet (91 meters) which possibly inspired the story of the Tower of Babel. It is now in
ruins. The Babylonians were prolific artists, and even the most mundane household objects
were beautifully decorated with images of human or animal forms. Babylonian artifacts can be
found in many museums today, often depicting scenes from everyday Babylonian life.

Britannicahttps://www.britannica.comBabylon | History, Religion, Time Period, & Facts

https://www.ancienthistorylists.com/mesopotamia-history/inventions-ancient-babylonia/

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