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Algebra Foundation

The document provides an overview of integers, their properties, and rules for arithmetic operations involving them. It also explains the concept of absolute value, emphasizing its non-negative nature and distance from zero. Additionally, it covers exponents, their types, and various rules for manipulating them in algebra.

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althea032208
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3 views3 pages

Algebra Foundation

The document provides an overview of integers, their properties, and rules for arithmetic operations involving them. It also explains the concept of absolute value, emphasizing its non-negative nature and distance from zero. Additionally, it covers exponents, their types, and various rules for manipulating them in algebra.

Uploaded by

althea032208
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Algebra Foundation

Integers (1.1)
Integers are whole numbers, either positive, negative, or zero, without a fractional part. They
include all the natural numbers (1, 2, 3, ...), their negatives (-1, -2, -3, ...), and zero. Integers are
used to represent quantities that can be counted or measured in whole units.
Integer Rules:

Addition and Subtraction

Same Signs - Keep the sign and add/subtract the numbers in their absolute value.

Different Signs - Use the opposite operation and keep the sign of the larger number.

Multiplication and Division

Same signs - Positive (+)

Different signs - Negative (-)

Number line

Absolute Value (1.2)

Algebra Foundation 1
The absolute value of a number is its distance from zero on the number line, regardless of its
∣∣
sign. It is always non- negative. For a real number x, the absolute value is denoted as x .
Defined as:

|x| = if x ≥ 0

|x| = if x < 0

The concept of absolute value focuses on magnitude the size or distance of a number from zero
—without regard to direction (positive or negative).

Exponents (1.3)
Exponents represent repeated multiplication of a number, called the base. The exponent, or
power, indicates how many times the base is multiplied by itself.
Example :
2²= 2x2=4
2³= 2x2x2=8

Types of Exponents:

Positive Exponents: Indicate repeated multiplication.

Negative Exponents: Represent division or reciprocal.

Zero Exponent: Any non-zero base raised to zero equals.

Fractional Exponents: Indicate roots.

Exponential Rules

Product Rule: Multiplying two powers with the same base results in adding their
exponents.

Quotient Rule: Dividing two powers with the same base results in subtracting their
exponents.

Power Rule: Raising a power to another power results in multiplying the exponents

Algebra Foundation 2
Negative Exponent Rule: A negative exponent represents the reciprocal of the base
raised to the positive exponent.

Zero Exponent Rule: Any non-zero base raised to zero equals one.

Algebra Foundation 3

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