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Linux_Commands_Beginner

This document provides a list of essential Linux commands for beginners, including their functions and examples of usage. Key commands include 'ls' for listing files, 'cd' for changing directories, and 'rm' for deleting files. Additional commands cover file manipulation, process monitoring, and system resource usage.

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studyhacks88
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3 views

Linux_Commands_Beginner

This document provides a list of essential Linux commands for beginners, including their functions and examples of usage. Key commands include 'ls' for listing files, 'cd' for changing directories, and 'rm' for deleting files. Additional commands cover file manipulation, process monitoring, and system resource usage.

Uploaded by

studyhacks88
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Linux Commands for Beginners

ls - Lists files and directories in the current directory. Example: ls -l shows

details.

cd - Changes the current directory. Example: cd /home navigates to the /home

directory.

pwd - Displays the current working directory.

mkdir - Creates a new directory. Example: mkdir project creates a folder named

'project'.

rm - Deletes files or directories. Example: rm file.txt deletes 'file.txt'. Use rm -r for

directories.

cp - Copies files or directories. Example: cp file1.txt file2.txt copies file1.txt to

file2.txt.

mv - Moves or renames files and directories. Example: mv old.txt new.txt renames

old.txt to new.txt.

touch - Creates an empty file. Example: touch file.txt creates a blank 'file.txt'.

cat - Displays file contents. Example: cat file.txt shows the content of 'file.txt'.

echo - Displays a line of text. Example: echo 'Hello World!' outputs 'Hello World!'.

grep - Searches for patterns in files. Example: grep 'error' log.txt finds 'error' in

log.txt.

find - Searches files and directories. Example: find / -name file.txt looks for 'file.txt'.

chmod - Changes file permissions. Example: chmod 755 script.sh sets the file

permission.

ps - Displays current running processes. Example: ps aux shows all processes


with details.

top - Displays real-time system resource usage and running processes.

df - Displays disk space usage. Example: df -h shows human-readable disk

usage.

du - Shows directory size. Example: du -sh /home gives the size of /home.

tar - Archives files. Example: tar -cvf archive.tar file.txt creates an archive.

curl - Fetches data from URLs. Example: curl http://example.com downloads the

page content.

scp - Securely copies files between servers. Example: scp file.txt user@host:/path

transfers file.txt.

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