CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
I. Loại 0: tính chất khoa học
- sự thật hiển nhiên
- Cấu trúc: If clause 1 ( ht đơn), clause 2 ( ht đơn)
- Ex: If you freeze water, it becomes solid
II. Loại 1
- sự việc có thật ở hiện tại, có thể xảy ra ở tương lai
- Cấu trúc: If clause 1 ( ht đơn), Clause 2 ( tương lai đơn: will, may, can)
- Ex: If you lose, you may lose money
● Unless: trừ khi
Study hard or you will fail the exam.
⇒ Unless you study hard, you will fail the exam
⇒ If you don’t study hard, you will fail the exam
Cut your hair or they won’t let you in ( cắt tóc hoặc họ o cho bạn vào)
⇒ Unless you cut your hair, they won’t let you in
⇒ If you don't cut your hair, they won’t let you in
Do exercises or you will get overweight
⇒ Unless you do exercises, you will get overweight
⇒ If you don’t do exercises, you will get overweight
Exercise 3
If Bella doesn't study harder, she will fail the test.
➡ Unless Bella studies harder, she will…
If John doesn’t practice writing every day, he can’t improve his IELTS writing skills.
➡ Unless
Unless Anna is a professional driver, she can’t help you move by car from the hall.
➡ If Anna is not a prof ….
Unless you stop taking a shower late at night, you might fall ill.
➡ If
If Mary doesn’t return this book tomorrow, she will have to pay a fine.
➡ Unless Mary returns this book…
Exercise 1
1. If I (wake up) ……………………….. late, I (be) ……………………….. late for work.
2. If my husband (cook) ……………………….., he (burn) ……………………….. the food.
3. If Julie (not/wear) ……………………….. a hat, she (get) ………………………..
sunstroke.
4. If children (not/eat) ……………………….. well, they (not/be) ………………………..
healthy.
5. If you (mix) ……………………….. water and electricity, you (get)
……………………….. a shock.
6. If people (eat) ……………………….. too many sweets, they (get) ………………………..
fat.
7. If you (smoke) ……………………….., you (get) ……………………….. yellow fingers.
8. If children (play) ……………………….. outside, they (not/get) ………………………..
overweight.
9. If you (heat) ……………………….. ice, it (melt) ………………………... .
10. If I (speak) ……………………….. to John, he (get) ……………………….. annoyed.
Exercise 2
1. If she (invite) ......................... me, I (go) .......................... .
2. If it (rain) ........................., we (cancel) ......................... the match.
3. If I (get) ......................... a promotion, I (buy) ......................... a car.
4. If she (be late) ........................., we (go) ......................... without her.
5. If you (ask) ......................... more politely, I (buy) ......................... you a drink.
6. If you (not behave) ........................., I (throw) ......................... you out.
7. If he (win) ......................... the first prize, his mother (be) ......................... happy.
8. If he (get) ......................... proper medical care, he (survive) .......................... .
9. If the drought (continue) ........................., plants and animals (perish) .......................... .
III. Loại 2
- sự việc không có thật ở hiện tại
- Cấu trúc: If clause 1 ( qk đơn), S + would/ could (not) + V
- Ex: If I were rich, I would buy a house
1/ He (come) _would come______ if you waited.
2/ If you (ring) __rang_____ the bell, the servant would come.
3/ If it (not, rain) _didn’t rain______ a lot, the rice crop wouldn’t grow.
4/ If today (be) __was_____ Sunday, we wouldn’t have to work
5/ You would have to stay in bed unless your health (improve) _improved______.
6/ If I (have) __had______ a typewriter, I could type it myself.
7/ What (you do) __would you do______ if you got fat ?
Exercise 2
1. If I had a typewriter, I (type)………………….. it myself.
2. If I (know)………………………….. his address, I'd give it to you.
3. He (look) ……………………………a lot better if he shaved more often
4. If he worked more slowly, he (not make) ………………………………so many mistakes.
5. I shouldn't drink that wine if I (be) ………………………..you.
6. More tourists would come to this country if it (have)……………………… a better climate
7. If I (win)…………………… a big prize in a lottery, I'd give up my job.
8. What you (do)……………………… if you found a burglar in your house?
9. I could tell you what this means if I (know)……………………………. Greek.
10. If he knew that it was dangerous, he (not come)……………………………..
11. I could get a job easily if I (have) ………………………a degree.
12. If we had more rain, our crops (grow)…………………………. faster.
13. What would you do if the lift (get) ………………………..stuck between two floors?
14. If you (paint)………………………….. the walls white, the room would be much brighter.
15. I'd climb over the wall if there (not be) …weren’t…………………….so much broken
glass on t of it.
EXERCISE II: Rewrite the following sentences, using Conditional Sentences
1/ My brother will have enough money. He will buy a bicycle.
🡪If ___________________________________________________________
2/ I’ll buy a new hat. I’ll give it to you.
🡪If ___________________________________________________________
3/ You’ll ask the teacher. He’ll explain the lesson to you.
🡪If ___________________________________________________________
4/ I don’t have enough money. I can’t go on a long holiday this year.
🡪If ___________________________________________________________
5/ I don’t have a typewriter. I can’t type it myself.
→ ______________________________________________
6. I don't live in a big city, so I can't go to the cinema very often.
🡪If ______________________________________________
7. Lan doesn’t have a bike, she walk to school.
🡪If ______________________________________________
8. He didn’t hurry, so he missed the train. 🡪If ______________________________________________
