Scribd
Upload
2 views

Quantum_Computing_Paper_Format

This paper discusses quantum computing, highlighting its principles such as superposition and entanglement, which enable faster problem-solving compared to classical computers. It reviews key quantum algorithms like Shor's and Grover's, emphasizing their advantages in cryptography and database searching. The document also addresses challenges in quantum computing, including decoherence and hardware limitations, while suggesting a promising future for its applications in various fields.

Uploaded by

xjarveco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

Quantum_Computing_Paper_Format

This paper discusses quantum computing, highlighting its principles such as superposition and entanglement, which enable faster problem-solving compared to classical computers. It reviews key quantum algorithms like Shor's and Grover's, emphasizing their advantages in cryptography and database searching. The document also addresses challenges in quantum computing, including decoherence and hardware limitations, while suggesting a promising future for its applications in various fields.

Uploaded by

xjarveco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Quantum Computing

A Paradigm Shift in Computational Science


Jayraj R. Jagdale
Chaitanya P. Nayak
Department of Computer Engineering
Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering (Diploma), Kolhapur
Email: [email protected]
[email protected]

Abstract
Quantum computing is an emerging field that leverages the principles of quantum
mechanics to solve complex problems beyond the reach of classical computers. This
paper explores the fundamental concepts of quantum computing, its potential
applications, and the challenges in its implementation. We also discuss quantum
algorithms such as Shor’s and Grover’s algorithms, highlighting their advantages
over classical approaches.

Keywords
Quantum Computing, Qubit, Superposition, Entanglement, Quantum Algorithms.

Introduction
Classical computers rely on binary computation using bits, whereas quantum
computers utilize quantum bits (qubits) that exist in superposition states. This
capability allows quantum computers to process information exponentially faster in
certain scenarios. The field of quantum computing has gained significant attention
due to its potential impact on cryptography, optimization problems, and artificial
intelligence.

Fundamental Principles of Quantum Computing


• Superposition: In classical computing, a bit can exist in one of two states: 0 or 1.
However, in quantum computing, a quantum bit (qubit) can exist in multiple states
simultaneously due to superposition. This allows a quantum computer to perform
multiple calculations at once, significantly increasing computational speed for
certain problems.
• Entanglement: When two qubits become entangled, their states become
interdependent regardless of the physical distance between them. Any change in
one qubit instantly affects the other. This property enhances computational
efficiency and is fundamental to quantum cryptography and quantum networking.

• Quantum Interference: The probability amplitudes of quantum states can


constructively or destructively interfere, influencing the outcome of quantum
computations. By leveraging quantum interference, quantum algorithms can amplify
correct solutions and suppress incorrect ones, improving computational accuracy
and efficiency.

Key Quantum Algorithms


Shor’s Algorithm
Shor’s algorithm is designed for integer factorization, meaning it can break down
large numbers into their prime factors exponentially faster than classical
algorithms. Since modern cryptographic systems (such as RSA encryption) rely on
the difficulty of factorizing large numbers, Shor’s algorithm poses a serious threat to
classical encryption methods. Its efficiency demonstrates quantum supremacy,
proving that quantum computers can outperform classical computers for certain
tasks.

Grover’s Algorithm
Grover’s algorithm is used for searching unsorted databases and provides a
quadratic speedup compared to classical search algorithms. In classical computing,
searching an unsorted database of N entries takes O(N) time, whereas Grover’s
algorithm can do it in O(√N) time. This makes it particularly useful for optimization
problems, artificial intelligence, and cryptographic applications, where faster search
and pattern recognition are required.

Challenges and Future Prospects


• Quantum Decoherence and Error Rates: Quantum states are highly sensitive to
external noise, leading to computational errors.

• Hardware Constraints: Quantum computers require extremely low temperatures


and specialized environments to function properly.

• Scalability Issues: The current quantum processors have limited qubits, restricting
their ability to solve large-scale problems.
Future advancements in quantum error correction, hardware development, and
quantum algorithms will likely drive the widespread adoption of quantum
computing in various domains.

Conclusion
Quantum computing holds immense promise for solving problems intractable for
classical computers. While significant challenges remain, rapid advancements in
quantum hardware, algorithms, and error correction techniques suggest a
transformative future for computational sciences. As research progresses, quantum
computing could revolutionize industries such as cryptography, artificial
intelligence, and complex system simulations.

References
• M. A. Nielsen and I. L. Chuang, Quantum Computation and Quantum Information,
Cambridge University Press, 2010.

• P. W. Shor, “Polynomial-Time Algorithms for Prime Factorization and Discrete


Logarithms on a Quantum Computer,” SIAM Journal on Computing, vol. 26, no. 5, pp.
1484–1509, 1997.

• L. K. Grover, “A Fast Quantum Mechanical Algorithm for Database Search,” in Proc.


28th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, 1996, pp. 212–219.

You might also like