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Microprocessor Lab File

The 8085 Mid Semester Project Report details the features, architecture, and applications of the 8085 microprocessor, developed by Intel. It includes practical experiments demonstrating programming techniques such as data storage, arithmetic operations, and addressing modes using the 8085 kit. The report serves as an educational resource for understanding microprocessor fundamentals and low-level programming.

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Rajveer Singh
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
5 views

Microprocessor Lab File

The 8085 Mid Semester Project Report details the features, architecture, and applications of the 8085 microprocessor, developed by Intel. It includes practical experiments demonstrating programming techniques such as data storage, arithmetic operations, and addressing modes using the 8085 kit. The report serves as an educational resource for understanding microprocessor fundamentals and low-level programming.

Uploaded by

Rajveer Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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8085 Mid Semester Project Report

Name​ Roll No.




Shivane Kapoor​ 102203191
Subham Singh​ 102203192
Robin Singh Khural​ 102203193
Kaustubh Singh ​ ​ ​ 102203194
Rajveer Singh​ ​ 102203195

Group (3C15)

Submitted to: - Dr. Jaspinder Kaur

Computer Science and Engineering Department

THAPAR INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND


TECHNOLOGY,
(A DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY),
PATIALA, PUNJAB
INDIA
Jan-July 2025

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Experiment 1

Aim: Introduction of 8085-microprocessor kit and steps for execution on the kit.
(Rajveer Singh)

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Features of 8085 microprocessor

•​ 8085 is developed by INTEL.


•​ 8-bit microprocessor: can accept 8-bit data simultaneously.
•​ Operates on single +5V D.C. supply.
•​ Designed using NMOS technology.
•​ 6200 transistors on a single chip.
•​ It provides on chip clock generator; hence it does not require external clock generator.
•​ Operates on 3MHz clock frequency.
•​ 8bit multiplexed address/data bus, which reduce the number of pins.
•​ 16address lines, hence it can address 2^16 = 64 K bytes of memory
•​ It generates 8 bit I/O addresses; hence it can access 2^8 = 256 I/O ports.
•​ 5 hardware interrupts i.e. TRAP/RST4.5, RST 7.5, RST 6.5, RST 5.5, and INTR
•​ It provides DMA (Direct memory access).
•​ 40-pin I.C. package fabricated on a single LSI chip.
•​ Clock cycle is 320ns.
•​ 80 basic instructions and 246 opcodes.

Introduction to 8085 Microprocessor


The 8085 microprocessor is an 8-bit microprocessor developed by Intel in 1977, primarily
designed for general-purpose computing tasks. It serves as a building block for understanding the
architecture, functioning, and programming of microprocessors, making it an essential component
of engineering education. The processor gets its name from its compatibility with the Intel 8080
instruction set and its use of a 5-volt power supply, hence "8085."
The 8085 is a versatile microprocessor used in embedded systems, industrial automation, and
educational platforms for learning fundamental computing and hardware interfacing. It operates on
a von Neumann architecture, where both data and instructions share the same memory space.
The processor’s simplicity, ease of programming, and robust instruction set make it an ideal choice
for students to understand low-level programming concepts, memory management, and hardware
interfacing.

Description of the 8085 Microprocessor


The 8085 is an NMOS (n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor) device with several notable features
and functionalities that make it a widely studied microprocessor in the academic and industrial
realms.
Key Features:
1.​ 8-Bit Data Bus:
o​ The processor can process 8 bits of data simultaneously, making it suitable for basic
computing tasks.
2.​ 16-Bit Address Bus:
o​ The 8085 can address up to 64 KB of memory, enabling the use of large programs and
extensive data storage.
3.​ Clock Speed:
o​ Operates at a clock frequency of 3 MHz, ensuring efficient execution of instructions.
4.​ Power Supply:
o​ Operates on a +5V DC power supply, simplifying its integration into electronic systems.
5.​ Instruction Set:
o​ It supports a robust set of 74 instructions, including data transfer, arithmetic, logical,
branch, and machine control instructions.
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6.​ Registers:
o​ Includes six general-purpose registers (B, C, D, E, H, L), a 16-bit stack pointer, a program
counter, and an accumulator.
7.​ Interrupt System:
o​ Features 5 interrupt signals: TRAP, RST7.5, RST6.5, RST5.5, and INTR, making it
suitable for real-time processing tasks.
8.​ Multiplexed Address/Data Bus:
o​ The lower-order address bus is multiplexed with the data bus to reduce pin count and
complexity.

Architecture:
The architecture of the 8085 is designed to optimize its functionality with simplicity. Key
components include:
1.​ Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU):
o​ Performs arithmetic and logical operations, such as addition, subtraction, AND, OR, and
XOR.
2.​ Accumulator:
o​ A special-purpose register used for intermediate storage during ALU operations.
3.​ Registers:
o​ The microprocessor includes general-purpose and special-purpose registers for data storage
and manipulation.
4.​ Control Unit:
o​ Manages the overall operation of the microprocessor, including fetching, decoding, and
executing instructions.
5.​ Interrupt Control:
o​ Facilitates handling of external and internal interrupt signals.
6.​ Timing and Control Signals:
o​ Generates signals required for data flow, memory access, and I/O operations.

Applications:
1.​ Embedded Systems:
o​ Widely used in devices like washing machines, microwave ovens, and industrial
controllers.
2.​ Education and Learning:
o​ Essential for understanding microprocessor basics and low-level programming.
3.​ Automation:
o​ Deployed in systems requiring simple automation and control.
4.​ Data Acquisition Systems:
o​ Used in interfacing sensors and acquiring data for real-time analysis.

The 8085 microprocessor remains a cornerstone in the field of microprocessor education, offering
a practical gateway to understanding the intricate details of how modern computing devices
function. Its comprehensive instruction set and simple architecture provide students with
foundational knowledge that can be extended to more advanced processors and systems.

Special Buttons of 8085 Microprocessor

1.​ Reset: The RESET function in the 8085 microprocessor initializes the system by setting the
Program Counter (PC) to 0000H, disabling interrupts, and clearing the flag register. Triggered

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by the active LOW RESET IN pin, it ensures the microprocessor starts from a known state,
with the RESET OUT pin signalling external devices for synchronization.
2.​ Prev: The PREV button typically facilitates stepping back to the previous operation or
instruction in debugging or execution sequences. It helps users analyse the program flow and
inspect prior states of the microprocessor during execution.
3.​ Next: The NEXT button in microprocessor systems is used to advance to the next operation or
instruction during debugging or execution. It allows users to step through the program flow
sequentially, aiding in analysing the behaviour of the microprocessor and ensuring proper
execution of instructions.
4.​ Go: The GO statement in 8085 microprocessor debugging tools is used to start or resume the
execution of a program from a specific memory address. It enables the microprocessor to
execute instructions sequentially until it encounters a halt instruction, breakpoint, or interrupt.
5.​ Exm Reg: The Exm reg command in 8085 systems is used to view the current
contents of a specific register. It allows users to inspect the value stored in
registers like A, B, C, D, E, H, or L during program execution, aiding in
debugging and analysis.
6.​ Exm mem: The Exm Mem command is used to view the contents of a specific
memory location in the 8085 microprocessor. By specifying the memory address,
users can examine the data stored at that location, which is essential for program
debugging and memory analysis.

Steps to Perform

●​ Press Reset
●​ Press Examine Memory
●​ Enter starting address
●​ Press Next
●​ Enter opcodes by subsequently pressing Next
●​ Press Reset
●​ Press Go
●​ Enter starting address of the program to compile
●​ Press EXEC/FILL
●​ Press Reset
●​ Press Examine Memory
●​ Enter Output Address
●​ Press Next

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Vikas Simulator Screenshot

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Experiment 2

AIM:-Familiarity with 8085-microprocessor kit.​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​


(Rajveer Singh)

2.1​Write a program to store 8-bit data into one register and then copy that to all registers.

Code Memory Location Opcode


MVI A,48 8000, 8001 3E, 48
MOV B, A 8002 47
MOV C, A 8003 4F
MOV D, A 8004 57
MOV E, A 8005 5F
MOV H, A 8006 67
MOV L, A 8007 6F
RST 5 8008 EF

Output – A – 48, B – 48, C – 48, D – 48, E – 48, H – 48, L – 48

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2.2​Write a program for addition of two 8-bit numbers.

Code Memory Location Opcode


MVI A, 48 8000, 8001 3E, 48
MVI B, 48 8002, 8003 06, 48
ADD B 8004 80
STA 8500 8005, 8006, 8007 32, 00, 85
RST 5 8008 EF


1.1 Vikas Simulator

Output - [ 8500 ] – 90

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2.3​Write a program to add 8-bit numbers using direct and indirect addressing mode.

Code Memory Location Opcode


LDA 8500 8000, 8001, 8002 3A, 00, 85
MOV B, A 8003 47
LDA 8501 8004, 8005, 8006 3A, 01, 85
ADD B 8007 80
STA 8502 8008, 8009, 800A 32, 02, 85
RST 5 800B EF

1.1 Vikas Simulator

Input - [ 8500 ] – 88, [ 8501 ] – 88


Output - [ 8502 ] – 10

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2.4 (A) Write a program to add 16-bit numbers using direct addressing mode.

Code Memory Location Opcode


LHLD 8500 8000,8001,8002 2A,00,85
XCHG 8003 EB
LHLD 8502 8004,8005,8006 2A,02,65
DAD D 8007 19
SHLD 8504 8008,8009,800A 22,04,85
RST 5 800B EF

2.4.1 Vikas Simulator

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2.4.2 Vikas Simulator

Input - [ 8500 ] – 48, [ 8501 ] – 48, [ 8502 ] – 48, [ 8503 ] – 48


Output - [ 8504 ] – 90, [ 8505 ] – 90​

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2.4 (B) Write a program to add 16-bit numbers using indirect addressing mode.

Code Memory Location Opcode


LXI B, 8500 8000, 8001, 8002 01, 00, 85
LDAX B 8003 0A
MOV D, A 8004 57
INX B 8005 03
LDAX B 8006 0A
ADD D 8007 82
STA 8504 8008, 8009, 800A 32, 04, 85
INX B 800B 03
LDAX B 800C 0A
MOV D, A 800D 57
INX B 800E 03
LDAX B 800F 0A
ADD D 8010 82
STA 8505 8011, 8012, 8013 32, 05, 85
RST 5 8014 EF

2.4.3​ Vikas Simulator

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2.4.4 Vikas Simulator

Input - [ 8500 ] – 34, [ 8501 ] – 48,[ 8502 ] – 54, [ 8503 ] – 78


Output – [ 8504 ] – 7C [ 8505 ] – CC

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2.5 Write a program to add 8-bit numbers using carry. (using JNC instruction).

Code Memory Location Opcode


MVI C, 00 8000,8001 0E,00
LXI H,8500 8002,8003,8004 21,00,85
MOV A,M 8005 7E
INX H 8006 23
ADD M 8007 86
JNC Next 8008,8009,800A D2.0C,80
INR C 800B 0C
Next: INX H 800C 23
MOV M,A 800D 77
INX H 800E 23
MOV M,C 800F 71
RST 5 8010 EF

2.5.1 Vikas Simulator

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2.5.2 Vikas Simulator

Input - [ 8500 ] – 88, [ 8501 ] – 88


Output - [ 8502 ] – 10, [ 8503 ] – 01

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2.6(A) Write a program to find 1’s complement and of a 8-bit number.

Code Memory Location Opcode


LDA8500H 8000,8001,8002 3A,00,85
CMA 8003 2F
STA8501H 8004,8005,8006 32,01,85
RST5 8007 EF

2.6.1 Vikas Simulator

Input - [ 8500 ] – 48
Output - [ 8501 ] – B7

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2.6(B) Write a program to find 2’s complement and of a 8-bit number

​ ​
Code Memory Location Opcode
LDA8500H 8000,8001,8002 3A,00,85
CMA 8003 2F
INR A 8004 3C800
STA8501H 8005,8006,8007 32,01,85
RST5 8008 EF

2.6.2 Vikas Simulator

Input - [ 8500 ] – 48
Output - [ 8501 ] – B8

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