Vassilkov TEST 1 Study Guide and Review Math 1114

• The test will be available to you on MyMathLab (“Take a Quiz or Test” tab) from Monday, February 5th 12 am to
Sunday, February 11th 11:59 pm.
• You will need scratch paper, calculator, and pencil. You may use any other course materials.
• The test is TIMED, you will have TWO hours to take it. However, you may close the test window at any time
without submitting the test and resume it any time before the deadline.
• You may take the test 2 times. You will NOT be able to review your test before February 12th, but you will be
able to see your test scores for both attempts.
• You will need a TI-84 calculator. You may also use any other course materials.
• You may NOT use anyone’s help while working on this test. You must work on it independently.

Here is what you need to study.

1.1 Understand: data; statistics; population; sample; census; voluntary response sample, bias, context and source of data,
practical implications vs. statistical significance; be able to distinguish between valid and flawed statistical conclusions.
Class Notes problems: examples 2 - 5.

1.2 Be able to: distinguish between parameter and statistic; between quantitative and categorical data; between discrete and
continuous data; between nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio levels of measurement. Note: “Part 2: Big Data and Missing
Data” (p. 19 - 22) is not covered.
Class Notes problems: examples 6 - 8.

1.3 Be able to: distinguish between observational study and experiment; different sampling methods; understand what simple
random sample means. Note: “Part 2: Beyond the Basics of Design of Experiments and Collecting Data” (p.29 – 31) is not
covered. Class Notes problems: example 9, additional problems on page 11 of Class Notes 1.

2.1 Understand: frequency, range, the difference between data item and data value. Be able to find upper and lower class limits,
class boundaries, class midpoints, class width; construct a frequency distribution; relative and cumulative frequency
distributions. Class Notes problems: examples 1 - 2.

2.2 Be able to: construct (on paper), describe (shape, modal class, outliers, and gaps), and analyze a histogram.
Class Notes problems: examples 3 - 4.

2.3 Be able to: explain what is wrong with a given graph, and how to make it right.
Note: “Part 1: Graphs That Enlighten” (p. 57 - 61) is not covered. Class Notes problems: examples 5 - 6.

2.4 Understand: positive, negative and zero correlation; be able to construct and analyze a scatter plot; be able to compute and
interpret correlation coefficient r, using your calculator. Understand the basic concepts of regression; use your calculator to
find the regression equation; use the regression equation for predictions . Note: use class notes rather than the textbook to
study this material. Class Notes problems: examples 7 – 8, additional problems on page 15.

3.1 Understand: mean, median, mode, and midrange - how to find them, and when to use what measure of center. Be able to
find mean from a frequency distribution, find weighted mean. Class Notes examples 1-11, additional problems 1-4 on page 17.

3.2 Be able to find range, standard deviation, and variance using calculator (see calculator instructions on page 18). Be able to
use the Range Rule of Thumb, the Empirical Rule (68-95-99.7 rule) to estimate/interpret standard deviation. Know the
properties of standard deviation. Note: the coefficient of variation and the Chebyshev’s Theorem will NOT be on the test.
Class Notes problems: examples 12 – 17, additional problem 5 on page 17.

3.3 Be able to: find and interpret the z-Score of a value; find percentiles, quartiles, interquartile range, and the 5- number
summary (calculator is recommended) of a data set; determine if the data set is symmetrical or skewed using a boxplot,
calculate outliers. Note: you will not need to graph a boxplot. Class Notes problems: examples 18 - 26.

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 Math 1114 Test 1 REVIEW Problems

1. Determine whether the given value is a statistic or a parameter.

A sample of 120 employees of a company is selected, and the average age is found to be 37 years.

A) Statistic B) Parameter

2. Determine whether the given value is from a discrete or continuous data set.
The number of freshmen entering college in a certain year is 621.

A) Discrete B) Continuous

3. Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate.

1) Salaries of college professors.

A) Interval B) Nominal C) Ratio D) Ordinal

2) Survey responses of "good, better, best".

A) Ordinal B) Nominal C) Ratio D) Interval

4. Identify the sample and population. Determine whether the sample is likely to be representative of the
population.

An ARCC student conducted a survey about the number of smoking college students. She asked every third
student standing outside of a classroom building between classes whether or not the person smokes. Her survey
compiled the answers of 92 students.

Population: _____________________________________________________________________________

Sample: ________________________________________________________________________________

Is the sample representative? Why or why not? ________________________________________________

5. Determine whether the given description corresponds to an observational study or an experiment.

A marketing firm does a survey to find out how many people use a product. Of the one hundred people
contacted, fifteen said they use the product.

A) Experiment B) Observational study

6. Identify which of these types of sampling is used: random, stratified, systematic, cluster, convenience.
A sample consists of every 49th student from a group of 496 students.

A) Systematic B) Stratified C) Random D) Cluster E) Convenience

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7. Determine if the sampling plan results in a simple random sample.
A researcher obtains an alphabetical list of the 2560 students at a college. She uses a random number generator
to obtain 50 numbers between 1 and 2560. She chooses the 50 students corresponding to those numbers.

A) No. The sample is not simple random because some samples are not possible, such as a sample containing
the first 50 students on the list.

B) Yes. The sample is simple random because all samples of 50 students have the same chance of being
selected.

8. The frequency distribution below summarizes employee years of service for Alpha Corporation.
Determine the width of each class.

Years of Service Frequency

1-5 5

6 - 10 20

11 - 15 25

16 - 20 10
21 - 25 5
26 - 30 3

A) 4 B) 5 C) 10 D) 6

9. Using the frequency distribution from problem 8, find the class midpoint for class 1-5.

A) 5.0 B) 2.5 C) 3.0 D) 3.5

10. Kevin asked some of his friends how many hours they had worked during the previous week at their after-school
jobs. The results are shown below. Construct a frequency distribution. Use 4 classes. Find relative frequencies.

656366986385
586586585883

Hours Frequency Relative Frequency

Sum = Sum =

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11. The frequency table below shows the number of days off in a given year for 30 police detectives.
Days off Frequency Class Midpoint
0-2 10

3-5 1

6-8 7

9-11 7

12-14 1

15-17 4

a) Find midpoint for each class and fill out the third column in the table above.
b) Construct a histogram. Use class upper limits or the class midpoints for the horizontal scale.

c) What is the modal class? ___________________________

d) Are there any gaps or outliers? ____________________________

12. Is the distribution below bell-shaped? Explain your answer.

Your answer: _______________________________________________________________________________

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13. What is wrong with this graph?

Your answer: _______________________________________________________________________________

14. Which value of correlation coefficient r indicates strong negative correlation?

A) – 0.5 B) 0.8 C) 1 D) – 0.8

15. Use the given data to find the equation of the regression line y = ax + b.

A) y = 0.897x – 2.79 B) y = 0.801x – 3.79 C) y = 0.95x – 2.79 D) y = 0.897x – 3.79

16. The ages (in years) of the eight passengers on a bus are listed below. Find the median age.

10 7 26 16 21 43 40 30

A) 21 B) 23.5 C) 26 D) 24.5

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17. Dave is a college student contemplating a possible career option. One factor that will influence his decision is the
amount of money he is likely to make. He decides to look up the average salary of graduates in that profession. Which
information would be more useful to him, the mean salary or the median salary? Why?

Answer: ________________________________________________________________________

18. Use the Empirical Rule to answer the question.

IQ scores have a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. What percentage of people have the IQ score
between 70 and 130?

A) 68% B) 95% C) 99.7% D) 100%

19. Use the range rule of thumb to estimate the standard deviation.
The maximum value of a distribution is 23.6 and the minimum value is 7.4.

A) 9.1 B) 1.1 C) 18.9 D) 4.1

20. Find the z-score corresponding to the given value and use the z-score to determine whether the value
is unusual.
A test score of 50.0 on a test having a mean of 69 and a standard deviation of 10.

A) -1.9; not unusual B) 1.9; unusual C) 1.9; not unusual D) -1.9; unusual

21. Use the given sample data to find the 5-Number Summary.

49 52 52 52 74 67 55 55

Answer: ________________________________________________________________________

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 Answer KEY

1. A
2. A
3. 1) C 2) A
4. Sample: 92 students who were asked
Population: all college students
NOT representative. It’s a convenience sample. Smoking students were over-represented, since she
chose to ask students standing outside during the break between classes. The survey was biased.
5. B
6. A
7. B
8. B
9. C
10.
Hours Frequency Relative Frequency
3-4 3 0.13
5-6 13 0.54
7-8 7 0.29
9-10 1 0.04
Sum = 24 Sum = 1

11. a) Midpoints: 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16

c) Modal class: 0-2, frequency of 10.
d) no gaps, no outliers.

12. Yes, bell-shaped. It is symmetric, with low-high-low frequencies.

13. Non-zero axis, the years are backwards.
14. D
15. D
16. B
17. In the case of salaries, there are likely to be a few extreme values - salaries that are much higher than the majority of
salaries. Unlike the mean, the median will not be affected by a few unusually high salaries. The median gives a better
indication of the "typical" salary than the mean.

18. B
19. D
20. A
21. 49, 52, 53.5, 61, 74