PROFIT AND LOSS

Basic formulae:-

* Profit or Gain = S.P. - C.P. 6. When two different articles are sold at
the same SP getting gain/loss of X% on the
* Loss = C.P. - S.P.
first and gain/loss of Y% on the second, the
* Profit and loss are always calculated with overall % gain or %loss in the transaction is
respect to the cost price of the article/item. given by
[100(x+y)+2xy/ (100+x) + (100+y)]%
* Profit % = profit/C.P. X 100
7. When two different articles are sold at
* Loss % = Loss/ C.P. X 100 the same selling price getting gaun of x%
on the first and loss of x% on the second,
1. When SP and gain % are given then
then there will always be loss on such
CP = (100/100+ GAIN%)×SP transactions. Which is given by = (x/10)² %

2. When the CP and gain% are given then 8. A merchant uses faulty measures and
sells his goods at gain/loss of x%. The
SP = (100+GAIN%/100) × CP
overall % gain or loss is given by
3. When CP and loss% are given then
100+g/100+x = [ture measure/faulty
SP = (100-LOSS%/100) × CP measure]

4. When SP and loss% are given then 9. If two successive discount of an article
are m% and n% respectively, then a single
CP = (100/100-LOSS%)×SP discount equivalent to the two successive
5. If the cost price CP of M articles is equal discount will be = (m+n-mn/100)%
to selling price SP of N articles, then

% gain or loss = (M-N/N)×100

If M>N it is % gain and if M<N it is % loss.

Eg. 1. By selling an article at 500 rs. Mohan Q.7. By selling a watch for Rs. 495 a
gets 50 rs. Gain then find cost price of that shopkeeper incurs a loss of 10%. Find the cost
article? price of the watch for shopkeeper?

Eg. 2. Ramesh purchased a radioset at Rs. A Rs 545 B Rs 550 C Rs 555 D none

1500 and sold it at Rs. 1200. Find loss Q.8. By selling a cap for Rs 34.40, a man gains
incurred by him? 7.5%. What will be the CP of the cap?

WORKSHEET QUESTIONS :- A 32.80Rs B 32Rs C 32.40Rs D 28.80 Rs

Q.1. If S.P. of 12 articles is equa to the cost Q.9. A shopkeeper sold goods for Rs. 2400 and
price of 18 articles, what is profit% ? made a profit of 25% in the process. Find his
profit percemt if he had sold his goods for Rs
A -25% B 25% C 50% D -50% 2040.

Q.2 If S.P. of a dozen apple is equal to cost A 6.25% B 7% C 6.20% D 6.5%

price of 9 apples find gain or loss percent ?
Q.10. A digital dairy is sold for Rs 935 at a
A 90% B -25% C -40% D 50% profit of 10%. What would have been the
actual profit or loss if it had been sold for Rs
Q.3. Michal sold two TV sets for Rs. 3600 each
810 ?
gaining 20% on one and lossing 20% on the
other. Find the total gain or loss percent? A 45Rs B 40Rs C 48Rs D 50Rs

A -4% B 4% C 6% D -6% Q.11. A shopkeeper bought 240 chocolates at

Rs 9 per dozen. If he sold all of them at 1Rs
Q.4. A dishonest shopkeeper professes to sell
each what was his profit percent?
his goods at the cost price but use faulty
measures. His 1 kg weight measures 950 grams A 66(1/6)% B 33(1/3)% C 24% D 27%
only. Find his gian percent?
Q.12. The CP of a shirt and trouser is Rs 371. If
A 5(5/19)% B 9(5/19)% C 10% D 8% the shirt costs 12% more than trouser find the
CP of trouser.
Q.5. Two successive discount of 10% and 20%
is equivalent ti a single discount of ? A Rs125 B Rs 150 C Rs 175 D Rs 200

A 29 % B 27% C 20% D 28% Q.13. The marked price of a table is Rs 1200

which is 20% more then CP. It is sold at a
Q.6. Find single discount which is equivalent to
discount of 10% on the marked price. Find
three successive discounts of 10%, 20% and
profit percentage?
30%
A 10% B 8% C 7.5% D 6%
A 40.2% B 79. 6% C 32% D 49.6%
Q.14. A dozen pairs of gloves quoted at Rs. 80 A loss 2.5% B profit 2.5% C loss 5% D
are available at a discount of 10% Find how profit 5%
many pairs can be bought for Rs 24 ?
Q 21. A person sells an article for 16% below
A 4 pairs B 5 pairs C 6 pair D 8 pairs cost price. Had he sold for Rs. 33 more, he
would have gained 14%. To gain 25% profit he
Q.15. Find a single discount equivalent to the sould sell article for?
discount of 20%, 10% and 5%.
A 135rs B 128rs C 137.5rs D 135.5rs
A 30% B 31.6% C 68.4% D 35%
Q 22. Manjeet bought a second hand
Q. 16 Find cost price of an article which is sold motorbike for Rs. 22000 and spent 3000 for its
at Rs. 407 at a profit of 37(1/2)%.
overhaulling and maintainance. He then sold it
A Rs280 B Rs320 C Rs296 D Rs400 for 12 % profit. If he had sold it for 500 Rs. Less,
then what would have been his profit
Q. 17 If a sharee is sold for Rs. 3230 thr seller percentage?
will face 15% loss, at what price sould she sell
sharee to gain 20% profit? A 10% B 8% C 5% D 10.5%

A 4560rs B 4550rs C 3450rs D 3460rs Q 23. Ram makes 750 article at cost of 60 paise
per article. He fixed the selling price such that
Q 18. A man sells his typewriter at 10(1/2)% if only 600 articles are sold he would have
loss. If he sells it for 189 Rs more then he will made profit of 20%. However 120 articles got
gain 10(1/2)% profit. What is cost price of spoiled and he was able to sell 630 articles at
typewriter? this price. Find the actual profit percentage?

A 900rs B 800rs C 1200rs D 1800rs A 24% B 28% C 20% D 26%

Q 19. Rimi earns a profit of 25% by selling an Q 24. 4% of S.P. of an article is equal to 5% of
article at a certain price. If she sells for 5 Rs. its C.P. Again 20% of its SP is Rs. 120 more than
More, she will gain 33%. What is the original 22% of its CP. Find the ration of CP and SP ?
cost price of 24 such articles?
A 4:5 B 2:3 C 3:2 D 5:4
A 1500rs B 1000rs C 1700rs C 1300rs
Q 25. For an article profit is 220% of its CP. If
Q 20. An article was sold at a profit of 14%. CP increases by 25% but SP remains same,
Had it been sold for Rs. 121 less a loss of 8% then the new profit percentage is how much %
would have been incurred. If the same article less than the original profit
would have been sold for 536.25 Rs. Then percentage?(Approximately)
what is the profit/loss percent?
A 22% B 29% C 26% D 31%
Q 26. The CP of two articles are in ratio of 4:5 ,
while selling these article shopkeeper gains
10% on article A and 20% on article B. Answers:-
Diffenece in there SP is Rs. 480. Then
difference in the CP of article B and A is? 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. B 9. A 10.
B 11. B 12. C
A 250Rs B 300Rs C 400Rs D 350Rs.
13. B 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. A 19. A 20.
Q 27. Profit made by selling an article at 8800 A 21. C 22. A
Rs is equal to the amount loss inccured for
selling the same article at Rs 7200. Waht will 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. A
be the profit% if it was sold for Rs9600 ? 30. A

A 20% B 25% C 18% D 15%

Q 28. 100 oranges bought at Rs 350 and sold

at Rs 48 per dozen.

Fimd profit or loss percent.

A 14(2/7)% loss B 14(2/7)% profit C

15%loss D 15% profit

Q29. By selling 14 watches of equal CP at the

rate of Rs. 450 each, there is a profit equal to
CP of 4 watches. The cost price of each watch
is?

A Rs 450 B Rs 350 C Rs 500 D Rs 550

Q30. Ankit sold two LEDs 16800Rs each,

neither ganing nor lossing in total. If he sold
one LED at gain of 25% then other is sold at a
loss of?

A 16(2/3)% loss B 14(2/7)% loss C

33(1/3)% loss

D 11(1/9)% loss