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Lung Cancer Prediction Using ML 5 Pages

This paper discusses the use of machine learning (ML) to predict lung cancer, addressing its high mortality due to late diagnosis. It explores methodologies such as imaging-based detection, integration of clinical and genomic data, and hybrid ML models, while highlighting current diagnostic limitations and research gaps. The study emphasizes the need for larger datasets and explainable AI to improve prediction accuracy and clinical adoption.

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7 views3 pages

Lung Cancer Prediction Using ML 5 Pages

This paper discusses the use of machine learning (ML) to predict lung cancer, addressing its high mortality due to late diagnosis. It explores methodologies such as imaging-based detection, integration of clinical and genomic data, and hybrid ML models, while highlighting current diagnostic limitations and research gaps. The study emphasizes the need for larger datasets and explainable AI to improve prediction accuracy and clinical adoption.

Uploaded by

SMARTY FILMS
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lung Cancer Prediction Using Machine Learning: A Comprehensive Approach

Abstract

Lung cancer remains a global health crisis, accounting for approximately 18% of all cancer-related

deaths. The disease's late

diagnosis is a primary contributor to its high mortality rates. Machine learning (ML) offers

transformative tools capable of

leveraging vast, heterogeneous datasets to predict lung cancer risk, support early diagnosis, and

personalize treatment. This

paper delves into the methodology of lung cancer prediction using ML, including dataset curation,

feature engineering, model

selection, and performance evaluation.

1. Introduction

Lung cancer has two primary types: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) (85% of cases) and

Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC). These

subtypes differ in progression, treatment response, and prognosis. Early-stage detection can

increase survival rates up to 56%

compared to 5% for late-stage diagnoses.

Machine learning has shown remarkable progress in diverse medical applications, including image

analysis, clinical prediction,

and genomic interpretation. This paper explores how ML can be applied to lung cancer prediction,

focusing on:

- Imaging-based detection using radiomics.

- Integrating clinical and genomic data for risk prediction.

- Exploring hybrid ML models for multi-modal data fusion.


2. Literature Review

2.1 Current Diagnostic Limitations

Traditional lung cancer diagnosis involves imaging modalities (e.g., CT, PET scans) and invasive

biopsies. These methods have

limitations:

- Late Detection: Subtle nodules often escape early identification.

- High Cost: Imaging and biopsy are resource-intensive and time-consuming.

2.2 Advances in Machine Learning

ML algorithms address these challenges:

- Deep Learning in Imaging: CNNs, 3D-CNNs, and RNNs for tumor monitoring.

- Genomics-Driven ML: Identification of gene mutations like EGFR and KRAS.

- Hybrid Models: Combine radiomic, genomic, and clinical features.

2.3 Research Gaps

- Limited training datasets, leading to biased predictions.

- Lack of explainable models for clinical adoption.

3. Methodology

3.1 Dataset Overview

Datasets include:

- LIDC-IDRI: Annotated CT scans.

- TCGA: Genomic and clinical outcomes.

- Hospital Records: Demographics, smoking history, and comorbidities.

3.2 Data Preprocessing

- Missing data imputed using KNN methods.

- Imaging data normalized and augmented with rotation and flipping.


3.3 Model Design

- Imaging: ResNet50 and 3D-CNNs.

- Genomic: Autoencoders for dimensionality reduction.

- Ensemble: XGBoost for multi-modal integration.

4. Results

Data partitioned into training (70%), validation (15%), and testing (15%). Multi-modal approaches

achieved highest accuracy.

5. Discussion and Conclusion

Challenges include data scarcity, computational demands, and generalizability. Future work focuses

on expanding datasets and

developing explainable AI.

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