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The document discusses various methods for the preparation and reactions of alcohols and phenols, including hydration of alkenes, oxidation reactions, and specific reagents like Baeyer’s Reagent and PCC. It also covers concepts such as the acidity of alcohols, the ortho effect, and specific reactions like the Reimer Tiemann reaction and Williamson Ether synthesis. Additionally, it includes references to past JEE MAIN exam questions related to these topics.

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Manan Verma
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12 views25 pages

2025 01 04 0 Invert

The document discusses various methods for the preparation and reactions of alcohols and phenols, including hydration of alkenes, oxidation reactions, and specific reagents like Baeyer’s Reagent and PCC. It also covers concepts such as the acidity of alcohols, the ortho effect, and specific reactions like the Reimer Tiemann reaction and Williamson Ether synthesis. Additionally, it includes references to past JEE MAIN exam questions related to these topics.

Uploaded by

Manan Verma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Preparation of Alcohol : Hydration of alkene

Hydration of alkene

Hydration of alkene
Hydration of alkene

JEE MAIN PYQ 2022


The major product formed in the following reaction, is Ans. D
Oxymercuration Demercuration
Markovnikov Addition + No rearrangement

Preparation of alcohol
Baeyer’s Reagent : Cold dilute alk. KMnO4

Preparation of alcohol
Baeyer’s Reagent : Cold dilute alk. KMnO4
DILUTE / 1% —-DIOL
Cold/ 10-40 % —-ACID/ KETONE
Preparation of alcohol
Hot KMnO4
Primary alcohol — acid
Secondary alcohol — ketone – tautomerism, then acid and CO2
Tertiary alcohol — alkene— acid and CO2
RCH=CH2 — aldehydes— acid and CO2
PhCH2CH3 — COOH

Preparation of alcohol

Preparation of alcohol
Cu/3000C OR Red Hot Cu K2Cr2O7/H+ Δ KMnO4/H+ Δ

30 alcohol alkene 30 alcohol NO REACTION 30 alcohol NO REACTION


20 alcohol ketone 20 alcohol ketone 20 alcohol ketone
10 alcohol aldehyde 10 alcohol ACID 10 alcohol ACID
Preparation of alcohol
PCC PDC

30 alcohol NO REACTION 30 alcohol NO REACTION


20 alcohol ketone 20 alcohol ketone
10 alcohol aldehyde 10 alcohol Aldehyde

Preparation of alcohol
Jone’s Reagent MnO2

Oxidises allylic or benzylic OH


30 alcohol NO REACTION 10 allylic alcohol aldehyde
20 alcohol ketone 20 allylic alcohol ketone
10 alcohol acid 30 allylic alcohol NO REACTION
C=C NO REACTION

JEE MAIN PYQ 2022


Ans. C
Hydroxylation Reaction (vic diol)
Prilezhaev reaction Baeyer’s Reagent Osmium Tetroxide
PhCO3H
Syn addition Syn addition
Anti addition

Hydroboration Oxidation
Anti Markovnikov + no rearrangement + syn addition

JEE MAIN PYQ 2019


The major product of the following reaction is: Ans. C
JEE MAIN PYQ 2024
Ans. 4

Reimer Tiemann Reaction

Reimer Tiemann Reaction


Phenol is converted into o,p- salicylaldehyde in basic medium with chloroform
Ortho is major product
Ortho has IMHB
JEE MAIN PYQ 2024
Ans. 4

Acidity of alcohols and phenols

Acidity of alcohols and phenols


JEE MAIN PYQ 2024
Ans. 4

Ortho Effect
Ortho isomer are more acidic than m and p isomers of benzoic acid

Ortho Effect
Ortho Effect : Explanation
Normal benzoic acid has 2 types of resonance
If steric crowding, only one resonance possible

Pinacol Pinacolone Rearrangement

Halogenation of alkanes
Reactions of phenol

Reactions of phenol

Nitration of phenol
Direct nitration gives just 2% yield
More activated ring oxidation
First do sulphonation, then nitration
JEE MAIN PYQ 2019
Ans. 4

JEE MAIN PYQ 2021


Ans. 1

JEE MAIN PYQ 2024


Ans. 2
JEE MAIN PYQ 2024
Ans. 3

JEE MAIN PYQ 2021


Ans. 2

JEE MAIN PYQ 2021


Ans. 3
JEE MAIN PYQ 2024
Ans. 1

Preparation of ether
Williamson Ether Synthesis

Reactions of alcohol with PCl5


Reactions with PCl5
ROH
ROR
RCOOH
RCOOR
RCOOCOR

Hydrolysis of ether
Reaction occurs in acidic medium

Special case for ether hydrolysis


MIR: Phenol + anhydride

Preparation of phenol
Dow’s Process

Benzene + oleum —---- Conc NaOH—-----

PREPARATION OF PHENOL
From Cumene hydroperoxide
JEE MAIN PYQ 2019
Ans. D

JEE MAIN PYQ 2021


Ans. 2

JEE MAIN PYQ 2023


Ans. 3
JEE MAIN PYQ 2024
Ans. 4

JEE MAIN PYQ 2019


Ans. 3

Reactions of phenol
Reactions of phenol

Reactions of phenol
Phenol + dil HNO3
Phenol + conc HNO3
Phenol + conc H2S04
Salicylic acid + Bromine water

Kolbe’s Schmidt reaction


JEE MAIN PYQ 2023
Ans. 2

Grignard Reagent

Grignard Reagent
JEE MAIN PYQ 2023
Ans. 1

JEE MAIN PYQ 2022


In the given reaction Ans. 8

JEE MAIN PYQ 2023


Ans. A
POC of alcohols and phenols

POC of alcohols and phenols

POC of alcohols and phenols


POC of alcohols and phenols

POC of alcohols and phenols

POC of alcohols and phenols


POC of alcohols and phenols

JEE MAIN PYQ 2024


Ans. 1

JEE MAIN PYQ 2021


Ans. 1
JEE MAIN PYQ 2024
Ans. 1

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