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İzmir Katip Çelebi University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering EEE204 Electronics Laboratory

The document outlines a lab exercise for students at İzmir Katip Çelebi University focused on the common emitter amplifier, detailing objectives, pre-lab report requirements, and simulation tasks. Students are required to analyze DC and AC characteristics, calculate theoretical values, and compare them with simulation results. The document also discusses the impact of transistor beta on input impedance and the importance of measuring both AC and DC components in the circuit.

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17 views5 pages

İzmir Katip Çelebi University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering EEE204 Electronics Laboratory

The document outlines a lab exercise for students at İzmir Katip Çelebi University focused on the common emitter amplifier, detailing objectives, pre-lab report requirements, and simulation tasks. Students are required to analyze DC and AC characteristics, calculate theoretical values, and compare them with simulation results. The document also discusses the impact of transistor beta on input impedance and the importance of measuring both AC and DC components in the circuit.

Uploaded by

mer4canuludag
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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İzmir Katip Çelebi University

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering EEE204


Electronics Laboratory
Spring 2023 - 2024Spring 2020
Lab Work VI
Common Emitter Amplifier
The objective of this exercise is to examine the characteristics of a common emitter amplifier.
Pre-Lab Report o Please study related topics in reference notes. o Prepare report with
simulation results and schematics. Reports must be completed before coming to lab. o
Submit your report until March 28, 23:59 to CANVAS and mail to research assistants’
address.
o Submit your preliminary report individually.
References o

Lecture notes
o Neamen, “Microelectronics Circuit Analysis and Design,” Chapter 6.4 Questions

Figure 1
1) Consider the circuit of Figure 1 using RC(1) = 15 volts, RE(1) = −12 volts, RS = 10kΩ, RB
= 33 kΩ, RE= 22 kΩ, RC = 15 kΩ, RLOAD = 20 kΩ, C1 = C2 = 10 μF and C3 = 470 μf, 𝛽
= 100. Using the approximation of a negligible base voltage, determine the DC voltages at
the base, emitter, and collector along with the collector current, and record these in Table 1.
Build the circuit of Figure 1 in simulation environment (Note: Edit 2N3904 component as
below in Figure 2). Make sure that the AC source is turned off or disconnected. Measure
the DC voltages at the base, emitter, and collector along with the collector current, and
record these in Table 1. (Resistor type description: Analog resistive primitive, Capacitor
type description: animated capacitor model)

Figure 2. Edit Component

Table 1
Variation DC Theory Value Simulation Value
𝑉𝐵 -0.165v -0.15V
𝑉𝐶 7.05v 7.43V
𝑉𝐸 -868V -0.80V
𝐼𝐶 0.501mA 0.50mA
2) Based on the calculated collector current, determine the resulting theoretical 𝑟𝜋, 𝐴𝑉,
𝑍𝑖𝑛 (𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑟, 𝑖𝑡 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒),
𝑍𝑜𝑢𝑡(𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑟) and record these in Table 2. Assume a beta of
approximately 100 for the Zin calculation. Continuing with the values in Table 2 and
using an AC source voltage of a 40 mV peak-peak 1 kHz sine wave, compute the
theoretical AC base, emitter and load voltages, and record them in Table 3. Note that RS
will create a voltage divider effect with Zin, thus reducing the signal that reaches the base.
This reduced signal is then multiplied by the voltage gain and appears at the collector.
Table 2
Variation Theory Value
𝑟𝜋 5.26k
𝐴𝑉 -50.77
𝑍𝑖𝑛 4.53k
𝑍𝑜𝑢𝑡 0.857k

Table 3
Variation AC Theory Value
𝑉𝐿 -540.16mV
𝑉𝐵 32.7064mV
𝑉𝐸 0

3) Set the source to a 40 mV peak to peak 1 kHz sine wave and apply to the circuit in
simulation environment. Using the oscilloscope, place one probe at the base, load and the
emitter. Record the resulting upper peak voltages in Table 4. The oscilloscope inputs
should be set for AC coupling with the bandwidth limit engaged. Capture an image of the
oscilloscope display.

Table 4
Variation AC Simulation Upper
Peak Values
𝑉𝐿 775mV
𝑉𝐵 6.5mV
𝑉𝐸 0
4) Using the source voltage and measured load voltage from Table 4, determine the simulation
gain (𝐴𝑉) for transistor. Then determine the simulation 𝑟𝜋.

Table 5
Variation Simulation Value
𝑟𝜋 5.41k
𝐴𝑉 -38.75

5) If the collector and base voltages had been measured with the oscilloscope DC coupled,
how would the measurements of Table 3 have changed?
If the collector and base voltages had been measured with the oscilloscope DC coupled,
the measurements in Table 3 would have shown the DC component along with the AC
component of the signals. This means that instead of just the AC voltages, the
measurements would include the DC bias voltages as well. Therefore, the values recorded
in Table 3 would have been the sum of the DC bias voltage and the AC signal voltage.
6) Does the value of the transistor beta play any role in setting the input impedance? Was a
considerable variation in input impedance apparent?
Yes, the value of the transistor beta plays a role in setting the input impedance. The input
impedance of a common emitter amplifier is determined primarily by the base-emitter
junction resistance (rπ), which is inversely proportional to the transistor beta (β). So, a
higher beta value would result in lower rπ and consequently higher input impedance.
However, in this exercise, the beta value was assumed to be approximately 100 for
calculating the input impedance. Since the input impedance is primarily dependent on rπ,
there might not be a considerable variation in input impedance for different beta values
unless the beta value deviates significantly from the assumed value of 100. Therefore, a
considerable variation in input impedance may not be apparent for small changes in
transistor beta within a reasonable range.

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