PEGA Q&A Assignment

1. What is Pega 7?
Pega 7 is built-in BPM and Case Management tool (Platform or System) which helps you to build business
applications that deliver end-to-end customer requirements.
BY CAPABILITY, Pega 7 engages in
• Application Development
• BPM & Case Management
• Cloud
• Customer Decision Hub
• Intelligent Virtual Assistant
• Mobile
• Robotic Automation & Intelligence
2. What is business data and flow data?
Business Data : What data does each actor need to complete their task, steps that require human
interaction is defined as business data.
Flow Data : During case process what data is needed to transact each step, taken together, defines
your flow data.
In general, business data can be defined as a subset of flow data.
3. What are the building blocks of an application?
When you model a case type in a Pega application, you configure the application with instructions to create,
process, and resolve a case. These instructions are rules. Rules describe the behavior of individual cases.
The Pega platform uses the rules you create to generate application code. Pega uses individual rules to
describe case behavior. The use of individual rules makes an application modular. By describing case
behavior with modular, task-focused rules, you can combine and reuse rules as needed.
An integrated solution that provides common underwriting functions out-of-the-box, yet delivers the
flexibility to configure the solution to suit specific policies and procedures.
Ex: You create a rule to describe the content of an email message to a customer regarding the status of
a change of address. The rule is sent after the customer enters their old and new address. By
creating the message as a separate rule, rather than embedding the message in the case life cycle,
you can update the message without any impact to the business process.
This modularity provides three significant benefits:
1. Versioning. System architects create a new version of a rule whenever case behavior needs to
change. Ex: A System Architect updates a UI form with instructions and removes a
critical field. You can review the history of the form and revert back to the version before
the changes were made, without changing other rules in the application.
2. Delegation. System Architects delegate rules to business users to allow business users to update
case behavior as business conditions change. Ex: Expense Reports that total USD25 or
less are approved automatically. You create a rule to test whether an expense report
totals USD25 or less and delegate the rule to the Accounting department. The
Accounting department can then update the rule to increase the threshold for
automatic approval increases to USD50, without submitting a change request for the
application.
3. Reuse. System architects reuse rules whenever an application needs to incorporate existing
case behavior. Otherwise, you must reconfigure the behavior every time the behavior is
needed. Ex: You create a UI form to collect policyholder information for auto insurance
 claims. You can then reuse this UI form for property insurance claims and marine
insurance claims.

4. A rule _____ to a class and is _______ of a ruleset?

A rule applied to a class and is part (added to/basic build block) of a ruleset. (A rule is a instance of rule type)

Whenever a new rule that is subject to rule resolution is created (an Activity, a Flow, a When, etc.), it is
defined on a class , and saved into a particular RuleSet and Version.

5. What is a class?
Class is the template to configure a rule. A Rule is a single instance of a class derived from the Rule- class.

6. What is special about Class-group?

A class group is an instance of the Data-Admin-DB-ClassGroup class. A class group instance causes the
system to store the instances corresponding to two or more concrete classes that share a common key
format in a single database table. The name of the class group is a prefix of the names of the member
classes.

7. How many types of Class instance can be created?

There are two types of class instances : Form and Harness.
Right click on Class group, Case Type and Data Class and choose definition
Go to Advanced Tab and click 'Ruleform' to define the basic rule form structure for instances of this class:

8. What is the difference between Pattern and Directed Inheritance?

PATTERN INHERITANCE : 'Pattern inheritance' is basically inheriting the rules based on the name of the
class structure. Pattern inheritance allows to reuse rules within a single/same
application. Pattern inheritance means 'should' inherit from parent class.
• Determines which part of the organization owns an object. ( Rule- / Work- / Data- )
 • Determines database operations at runtime + design time since it identifies the DB-Table of
a concrete class.
• Rule lookup begins here
DIRECTED INHERITANCE : As opposed to pattern inherited parent (which you cannot chose, as the parent is
already decided depending on the name of the class), you can choose the parent
of your directly inherited class. Directed inheritance allows to reuse rules in
other applications, including standard rules provided as part of the Pega
platform. Directed Inheritance means 'must' inherit from parent class.
• Determines the behavior of an object. ( Rule- / Work- / Data- )
• Determines what rules are acquired from EnterpriseFW / SolutionsFW / PegaBase layers.
• Rule lookup resumes here if no suitable candidates are found in the pattern inheritance.
First 'Pattern inheritance' will take initiate to check rule resolution to find a rule. If rule is not found then,
use 'Direct inheritance', move to Framework layer. In Framework layer as basis for another Pattern
inheritance search. This repeats until Pega reaches the last class in the class hierarchy, i.e., Ultimate base
class @baseclass.

9. What is the definition of BOTH (Inheritance) in a class inheritance structure?

During rule resolution, pattern inheritance causes a class to inherit rules first from classes that match a
prefix of the class name, if not found then inheritance causes to search in other inherited class structure.
Pattern inheritance The system determines the name of the parent class is based on an initial portion
or substring of the name of the class. Segments of the name are delimited by a
dash (-) character.
Directed inheritance Allows you to name a parent class, choosing a name that's not related to the
name of this class

Both : this inheritance type is used to use 'Pattern and Direct inheritance'.
First 'Pattern inheritance' is taken initiated to check Rule resolution. If Rule is not found (TGB-HRApps-Work-
BenefitEnrollment) in the current class it searches the immediate parent class (TGB-HRApps-Work) then
TGB-HRApps, till it reaches TGB. If still the Rule is not found then it moves to the 'Work-Cover' by 'Direct
Inheritance'. In this way, it is using Both inheritance

10. What is the relationship between two different Rulesets?

 Two different versions of Rulesets - Application Validation and Ruleset Validation
Validation mode guarantees that rules referenced are available on the target system and are accessible.
Application Validation (AV) mode is to perform validation of a ruleset within the application boundaries
without having to specify any prerequisites.
Ruleset Validation (RV) mode requires you to specify prerequisites for the application. This setting enables
the Required Rulesets and Versions section.
As a best practice for design, unlocked Ruleset Validation mode ruleset should belong to one Rule-
Application, but still belong to more than one version. This prevents Application Validation mode Rulesets
from referring to rules that may not exist in all applications that a ruleset is contained in.
Alternatively, Rulesets should be refactored into applications.

11. Are all the class under ORG-APP-Work case types?

NO. : Pega creates all Case types in Work class by default As this is the best practice. But Pega allows to
create any concrete/abstract class in work class.

12. What is a ruleset?

To package rules for distribution as part of an application, you collect rules into a group called a ruleset. If a
rule is similar to a song, a ruleset is similar to an entire album. Just as you can copy the album to share with a
friend and allow your friend to listen to your favorite song, you can share a ruleset between applications to
allow several applications to use the same rules.

13. How many rulesets per application can be available?

Many Rulesets are available per application.

Layer Purpose
For assets that need to be reused on an enterprise-wide basis. Such assets are rules for enterprise-wide
business logic (such as standard properties, decision tables, Service Level rules) and enterprise-wide data assets
(such as classes and rules for data stored in the system, and classes and rules for access to data in external
Enterprise
systems, via connectors).
Reuse
Ex: the MyCo enterprise wants to reuse the property that holds an employee's serial number on an enterprise-
wide basis, so that the various applications used by that employee across the enterprise can consistently rely
on the same serial number property for the same employee.

For assets that need to be reused on a division-wide basis. Such assets are rules for division-wide business logic
(such as standard properties, decision tables, Service Level rules) and division-wide data assets (such as classes
and rules for data stored in the system, and classes and rules for access to data in external systems, via
Divisional Reuse connectors).
Ex: A division wants to reuse a service level rule that defines the expected response time to a customer
complaint in all of its applications, so that it can consistently enforce a focus on meeting its customer
relationship commitments.

Defines a common work-processing foundation that is extended by the specific implementations.

Ex: the MyCo enterprise makes auto loans, and has an auto loan framework that is comprised of all of the assets
Framework needed for MyCo's standard auto loan process. Each division of MyCo extends that basic auto loan application
to meet their specific divisional needs: the commercial business line division's auto loan application needs to
handle loan requests distinct from that of MyCo's personal line division.

Defines an implementation of a framework that is customized for a specific division.

Ex: the commercial business line's auto loan application reuses assets from the commercial business line
Implementation
division layer and from the auto loan framework layer, while the personal line's auto loan application reuses
assets from the personal line division layer and the auto loan framework layer.
14. How a Ruleset can be assigned to an Operator?
A process often must be routed to the appropriate person or team to complete a task.
Ex: the manager of a cost center must approve an employee expense or a member of the accounting team must
process a refund. In these cases, the assignment can be routed to a worklist or a workbasket.
Routing destination Assignment type Routing method options
An operator Worklist Operator ID
Parameter
Routing decision (map, table, or tree)
A team Workbasket Workbasket name
Parameter
Routing decision (map, table, or tree)

15. How many rules per ruleset can be present?

There can be unlimited rules per ruleset.

16. How many Rules were present in a New ruleset version when it got created?

There wont be any rules created under a new ruleset. Please refer following screen shot.

17. MyRuleSet 01-02-03: what versions are 01, 02 and 03?

01 - is the major version number : changes are an initial or subsequent significant release
of an application.
02 - is the minor version number : changes generally relate to interim releases, to isolate
ongoing development and customization from the
locked master ruleset. These are usually updates to
the product, with new functionality added.
03 - is the patch, revision, or change number : Change versions usually contain bug fixes and interim
changes. There may be several revisions within a
minor version release
18. Where would you create a Data class used by multiple FW?
We can create Data class used by multiple FW at Org-Data class.

19. What is a flow action, What is its purpose and where it is called?
A connector that leads from an assignment represents an action that users can perform to complete
their task, such as Approve or Reject. This action, called a flow action, indicates the UI displayed for
the user when performing the corresponding action.

20. What is a section?

In Pega, you build user forms with sections. Sections group information and functionality by context
and purpose. Inside a section, you organize UI elements with layouts.

21. What are the different types of Rulesets?

Different types of available Rulesets Pega are
• Standard
• Component
• Shared
22. IN which order the Rulesets are listed in the Operator Profile?
The order in which Rulesets are listed in Operator Profile is from most Specialized to Most generalized.
Assuming all the Rulesets associated with an Application rule – the order would be
• Private/Personal Ruleset – (For sa login it is sa@TGB, for Admin login it is admin@tgb...)
• Production Ruleset
• Branching Ruleset
• Application Ruleset
• Component Ruleset
• Shared Ruleset
• Built -on applications

23. What are the information we configure in an access-group?

Application
Name : HRApps Version: 01.03.01
Available portals (any one from the below list and be added if any)
• Developer • Pega7Express • Manager • User
Available roles (can be added if any)
• HRApps:Administrator • PegaRULES:SecurityAdministrator • PegaRULES:AppArchitect

24. How many access-group can be associated to an Operator?

One operator can relate to the ‘n’ number of access group, but only one access group associated at a
given time

25. In which order following things are arranges --- Operator, Application, Access group, Ruleset, Built-
on Application?
Operator → Access group → Application → Ruleset → Built-on Application

26. How many flow actions a section can reference?

Every section is associated with only one flow action in the process flow at a given time.

27. What is a local/optional action?

Local/Optional Action : A local flow action leaves the current assignment open and does not advance
the flow. In other words, you can update the assignment but not complete it. These are configured on
 Assignment shape. You can take it as an action being performed when flow is in progress at that point
in the flow.

28. When you can use a Local action?

While processing the case it moves in forward direction, if completed step need some modification at
any stage, then we can provide the local action in order to complete the updated work and continue
from the same step from where the local action is called.

29. What is the difference between Local Action and Connector Flow Action?
Flow Action can be marked as Local Action or a Connector Action or both from the Actions tab in Flow
Action rule form. The option Local Action allows you to update the assignment but does not advance
the flow whereas the option Connector Action advances the flow.
A flow action marked as Connector Action will be listed in the drop down in the connector shape in
flow rule whereas the one marked with Local Action will be listed in the Assignment shape under Local
Actions. The one marked with both obviously appears at both places.

30. Where can you set a local action?

Outside the primary path.
1. Adding a local action to a stage :
• Add a local action to a stage to supplement the tasks that users can accomplish as they work on a
case.
• On the Life cycle tab of Case Designer, click a stage name.
• Click User actions.
• Click + Add local action and select the name of a flow action in the first field that is displayed.

2. These are configured on Assignment shape.

31. Where in a flow do you reference a section?

A section is referenced in a flow action which is referenced on Connector leading from an assignment
shape.
The below figure highlighted connector is a leading from an assignment which has flow action rule in
which a section is referenced.
Right click on the connector 'Collect Employee Info' and select View Properties. We can view the flow
action on it.

Click on 'Cross Hair icon' at flow action. A flow Action rule is open. In flow action a Section is
referenced.
32. Where in a flow do you reference a harness?
On assignment -> application details -> harness can be seen with default harness (PERFORM Harness).
It can be changed as per requirement.

We can use LiveUI to locate the referred harness at the runtime as well.
33. What are the default Harness you know and where it is configured?
• New Harness
• Perform
• Confirm
• Review

Go to Process tab and we find New harness, Confirm Harness referred. On the assignment shape under
advanced we refer perform Harness.
34. What are the 6 UI rules covered in SAE course?
The 6 UI Rules covered in SAE course are
• Portal Rule
• Harness Rule
• Skin rule
• Section rule
• Paragraph rule
• Control Rule (like pxDateTime, pxTextInput)

35. What are the different types of Layouts?

1. Dynamic Layout Arranges the items in a flexible form that automatically adjusts to screen size.
2. Repeating Layout To display a collection of data that belongs to a pagelist or a page group, we
can use a repeating layout.
3. Column Layout Arranges items in a set number of columns.
4. Smart Layout Contains fixed-width, fixed-height column pairs. Each column pair is
designed to hold one label and one field, typically for a single value property
value.
5. Free Form Layout It is a non-dynamic layout. We have to fix every single section. Unlike smart
layout, free form layout do not have column types of label, field.
36. Which Layout can be nested?
Dynamic layout allows nesting. Nesting permits you to add a dynamic layout inside another dynamic
layout.

37. What is the use of Skin Rule, and where it can applied?
Skin Rule specifies the visual styling as well as the responsive behaviour of the UI. A UI skin defines the
presentation layer of the application. You can associate a skin rule with an application or a portal.
38. What is the use of Mixin and Formats? What benefits it provides?
A mixin is a reusable style pattern that you define in the skin. Mixins enable you to create incremental
styling changes which provide a natural cascading of styles. Using mixins helps ensure consistency
across your user interface, maximize re-use, and minimize future maintenance.
 When we select Strong link in Typography then the change can be viewed in Preview with panel.

39. Please define the number and types of rules created, When we use “Configure View” to add a property
of type FieldGroup.

DataType(FieldGroup) Rule (in the below example Sample @ DataClass with P1,P2 as its properties)
Property Rule (Sample @ Work-casetype class which is created based on Sample defined in DataClass)
FlowActionRule(Sample_0)
SectionRule(Sample_0 @ Data class)

As soon as we configure the view of a property of type “Field Group”, a page is created specifying you
the class from which it is derived. It also allows you to choose how to access the data either manually,
or referring to a data page or copying data from a data page.
As soon as a step is configured in a process. Open the process flow , A Flow action is generated in
connector leading to the assignment (Sample) , in which a flow action is created Sample_0 .

Right click on Sample connector and select view the properties. Flow action Rule is created.
Click on the cross Hair icon of Flow action. A flow action rules is opened. In which a section is configured.

Click on cross hair icon of flow action a section rule is opened. In the section rule lay out is created . in
the lay out properties are created.
40. Please define the number and types of rules created, When we use “Configure View” to add a property
of type FieldGroupList.

The difference between previous and this questions is Page vs. PageList. The change is in the default
layout that is created automatically. In case of Field group it uses Dynamic layout and incase of
FieldGroup List it uses Repeating Grid inside a dynamic Layout.

41. What is the use of Field value rule and where it can applied and what type of benefit it provides?

Field Values provide an alternate method for defining allowed values for properties. Field values enable
you to manage the list of allowed values separately from the property. Managing the allowed values
separately from the property enables you to reuse a single property, and customize the allowed values
based on the context of the property.
For example, in a Pega 7 application, every case instance has a status, which changes as the case
progresses through the case life cycle. The status of a case is set using the property named
 .pyStatusWork. The list of allowed values for setting .pyStatusWork is defined using field values.

42. What is a control and what is the usage of it?

Controls are another way you restrict users from entering or selecting invalid values on a form. For
example, when a form requires a date using a calendar control ensures that user enter a date value. In
this case the UI Control rule auto assigned to the date type is pxDateTime.

43. What do you need to create for your case to use an instance of a data class?
Just create a Data Reference Type. We have used DentalPlan as a reference from TGB-HRApps-Data-
HRPlans.
44. How to create a Reference Data?

Create a new data type through data explorer. Then defined a key for it. And add local data source.

Reference data is static and used in the application. Like different types of Units of measurement
(litres,Metres,Kilos,Numbers,Packets,Dozen ..etc). These can be stored as local data source, and used
in the application. It can be in the form of drop down list, to defined measurement units for item.

We can refer Managing Reference Data in the exercise guide to add Assets data type following data about
assets.

45. Please define the step to access data from a Database Table and use it in the application?
Database Table Class Mapping tool is preferred when integrating with external databases. The tool
creates a data class with the data mapping and a database table instance that references the external
table. There is an exercise related to Caching data with data pages in exercise guide, where we populated
seating locations data from database to the data page using report definition

46. Can you reuse a rule which is a lower patch version of a RS?

SSA QUE

47. Can you reuse a rule which is a upper minor version of a RS?

SSA QUE

48. Can you reuse a rule which is in a different major version of a RS?
SSA QUE

49. When executing a case Onboarding, what is your current context?

The current context of any case while processing is pyWorkPage

50. What can you use to change your context?

1. Context of reference for an application, can be changed through an Step page of activity
2. The child case refers the data of parent through pyWorkCover

51. What is a data page?

A data page is used to cache data on demand to a clipboard page for use by one or more applications.
It is a mediator between source and application. Source can be local or external sources.
Change in type of source, does not require a redesign the application.

52. What is a Clipboard?

 Clipboard is a memory allocated on the server Pega7 for every requestor (Operator) upon it’s
authentication. This memory will be managed by the requestor within the thin client (Browser
Session) using clipboard tool.
Clipboard allows you to view the data generated by the application when processing the case. The
clipboard is the portion of memory on the server reserved by Pega to hold the data generated by
applications.
The data in the clipboard allows to review the information currently in the memory to check the rule’s
behaviour is correct.

53. What are the different type of Pages we have in Clipboard?

Pages on the clipboard are organized into four categories:
User Pages The user pages contain pages created due to user actions, either directly or indirectly.
User pages contains data related to work begin performed in the selected thread.
Data Pages Contains read-only data pages defined by data page rules. Data pages are persistent
pages in memory, used to cache data. This data is often sourced from outside the
application, such as from a third party or a system of record.
Linked Property Pages This contains read-only pages created by linked properties, which contain
information from data objects referenced by a linked property. These are advanced
data constructs, typically created and configured by Senior System Architects or Lead
System Architects.
System Pages This contains pages that describes the current user session, such as the active user and
the active application.

54. How many Clipboard get created when one Operator gets authenticated from two different browser
sessions?
As many session initiated by the user. In this case 2. Operator id is same but the remaining fields may
differ like pyFontName, pxSaveDataTime,pxUpdateDateTime

55. What is the difference between pyWorkpage and pyWorkCover? Please share an example when these
pages gets used?
pyWorkPage is created whenever the case is processed in your application and stored the case related
data. If the case contains data object, the data related to data object is stored as a separate page within
the pyWorkPage called embedded page.
If the case contains the child case, the data related to the child case is stored in the pyWorkPage and
the data related to parent case will be stored in the pyWorkCover.
In a Passport application, applying for a passport is one case and Police Verification another case within
it, so once the Passport case is processed the related data is stored in pyWorkPage and this case moves
to the child case i.e, Police Verification. In Police Verification case it has to relate the the data with parent
case i.e., Passport case. .As we said for each case processed related data is stored in pyWorkPage, so
now police verification case related data is stored in PyWorkPage then how about the parent case data.
So parent case data is made available in a separate page called pyWorkCover so that both parent and
child cases interact when a case is processed.

56. What is WorkParty?

Work party describes a role in Pega. Work parties allows you to refer to a case participant by role,
without knowing any identifying information. Applications commonly use a work party as the recipient
of correspondence and also used to assign work. This is defined under data-Party class. Multiple
 inherited class lik Gov,Person,Operator,Org,Com are available to create different types of work parties.
Out of these Gov,Org,Com are deprecated now from 7.1.
Example: Lets say a construction of a wall is required. Measurement is to be captured and
estimation of required quantity of Cement,Bricks,Sand is auto calculated and notified to suppliers
automatically. Here the suppliers are work parties of Data-Party-Person.

57. Please share an example where Work Party can be applied?

Example: In Life insurance case, Employee is WorkParty and we may also include Nominee as a
Workparty. Nominee comes under Data-Party-Person and Employee comes under Data-Party-Operator.

58. Different ways of adding Work Party to a case?

VOE: Visible On Entry provides case worker to add party information when creating a case select this
option available in pyCaseManagementDefault.
Select the VOE (Visible on Entry) check box to appear at runtime at the time of the first display of the
work item entry form, rather than only after a user makes a choice from a selection box.

While before creating a case we can view the details of Employee shown in below image
addWorkObjectParty its an API activity, can be called while case already include the data about party.
Add this activity to the Action tab of a flow action rule, or call the activity by adding a utility shape to the
appropriate process.
 addParty flow action : this allows case workers to add during case processing. Add this flow action to
an assignment or stage as a local action. Users select the action during case processing to add
information for a work party.

59. Which is the place where the Work Party data get stored first?
The place where the work party get stored first is
Clipboard > User Pages > pyWorkPage > pyWorkParty
The type of the pyWorkParty property is Page.
60. Where do we configure the WorkParty so that it get called when a case get created?
We configure the work party in pyStartCase flow rule.

61. Please explain Data Transform Chaining?

A data transform chaining moves from a child class to the top level classes.
Suppose : Myco_Finserv_A_B_C is a class. Then data transform is done from top class as follows
Myco
Myco_Finserv
Myco_Finserv_A
Myco_Finserv_A_B
Myco_Finserv_A_B_C
 In the above image, the data transform sequence is called from 1 –> 2 –> 3 –> 4 and data transform
sequence is executed from A –> B –> C –> D.

62. What are the different types of Declaratives we have?

There are six types of declaratives:
Constraints Constraints rules provide data validation for properties after they are already
inside your application. Anytime the specified property changes, the constraints
rule checks to confirm that the value still false within the expected range
Declare Expressions It establish Functional relationships between properties and compute the result
anytime one of the inputs are changed. It also ensure that anytime an input is
changed by any source, the result is always up- to- date
Declare Onchange Declare Onchange rules run an activity anytime that the value of a specified
property changes.
Declare trigger Declare trigger rules perform an activity anytime data of a specific type is
changed in the application
Declare Index Whenever you want to use embedded property (property within page list or
page group) in a report, then the report will show performance warning . In
order to resolve this we need to have a declare index created.
Think about how the index page in a book serve us. Like the same, index table
can be used to store the data that are embedded in aggregate properties. We
can directly refer to the index table, instead of decompressing from blob and
checking the details inside the blob.
Declare Page A Data page is used to cache data on demand to a clipboard page for use by one
or more applications. A data page rule defines the source, scope, refresh
strategy, editability, and structure of the cached data. Data pages were
previously known as Declarative pages.

63. Which Declarative rule supports Forward and backward chaining?

Declare expression supports Forward and backward chaining:
Forward chaining in a declare expression updates the target property value when a source property
value changes. By default declare expressions use forward chaining.
Backward chaining in a declare expression means that a target property value is not automatically
updated when other declare expressions in a network update their target values. An expression using
backward chaining only updates its target property when the application references the property by
name.

64. What is an Activity and when it should be used?

Activity: An activity is an automated procedure, structured as a series of steps that execute in sequence.
Each step can call a method, transfer control to another activity, or execute custom java code.
USED : Activities are often used in implementing complicated logic.
Some typical use cases for using activities are :
• Case processing related functions
• Integration
• Ancillary Functions

65. What is a StepPage in an Activity and what is the actual use of it?
The StepPage identifies a page to be used as the context for referenced properties within the step. Each
step in an activity may have a designated StepPage. This StepPage Provides data context during the
execution of this step. If a step page is not specified for a step, the primary page become the step page
66. Where we can see the step Page in the Clipboard?
You would see the step page in parallel to the pyWorkPage.
The following screenshot is an activity Sample with step Page name Operator.

In the clipboard, the step Page appears parallel to pyWorkPage

I did a unit testing here.
We can call this activity in a flow by using utility shape.
s

67. Where we can see the Assignment SLA in the clipboard?

Under newAssignPage we can find the assignment SLA details
The below screen shot shows the SLA configuration. Goal is set to 1 day and deadline is set to 2 days.

The below Screenshot shows the location and Goal and Deadline details in clipboard under
newAssignPage in clipboard.

68. How to clear the step page from a clipboard?

With a method called Page-Remove — Delete a page from the clipboard
69. What are the 4 main settings you need to set when creating a Data Page? (name + what?)
• What is the structure of the data page : Page List or Page
• What is the scope of the data page : Requestor, Thread, Node
• How is the data page sourced : It can source from Connector, Activity, Look Up, Data
Transform, Report Definition
Connector : When we want data to be sourced from external systems
Data Transform : When we want to populate a data page using a data transform
Report Definition : We can use report definition to return a list of data objects mapped
in the application
Look-up : Used when a specific data object mapped in the application
Activity : Can be used when none of the above options are available
• When does the data become stale : After the time specified in Refresh if older than field
or “do not reload when “condition is true
Example 1: A Person wants to access whether information. The application should display
whether information as soon he update his location. This can be implemented using
"Do not reload when" condition.

70. What can you use as data source for a Data Page?
1. Connector 3. Report definition 5. Load activity
2. Data transform 4. Look-up
71. What can you use as data Source for a Repeating Grid?
The data source can be a Property, list-type Data Page, or a Report Definition.

72. What can you use as list source for a dropdown?

The selected source type is Data page. The List Source form then displays Data page. We will select
the field to store and field to display columns from the data page

73. What will you create to query the DB?

I will use Database Table Class Mapping tool
74. What will you create to manipulate data in the clipboard?
We can edit case data in clipboard. After running the case open the clipboard and select pyWorkPage
and click on edit button to edit the values. We can edit case properties like Name, Location, Manager
75. What is the name of the data transform called by default when instantiating a case and where it
configured?
.pyDefault is the default data transform and it is referenced by pyStartCase.

76. What should you do to change a property from Page List to Page group?
There is no possibility to convert from page list to page group.

77. Can your implementation be built on a FW?

Yes. We can use framework to build our application.
• From Application menu select new Application
• After selecting the name for application we need to select on which we want to develop the
application. We can select PegaRULES or Framework or existing implementation i.e. HRApps.
78. Can your implementation be built on another implementation?
Yes. We can create another implementation on existing implementation.

79. Can you directly inherit from the same class you pattern inherit?
Yes. We can have a pattern and a direct inheritance present on a single/same class.

80. Why would you create a Data Class?

The data class contains the rules that describe the data objects used in the application, such as a
customer or collection of order items.
Before creating any data class first we have to check for existing ones.

81. Why would you create a UI directly under your Data Class?
So that I need not add any reference page under 'pages & classes' tab and I can directly add properties
from data class in app explored to the section rule directly

Providing page reference for Customer:

82. What are rules starting with px, py, pz? Please provide good examples for each?
These are the Pega default rules.
1. px Identifies special properties — your application can read but not write to these properties
2. py You can use these properties in your application.
3. pz Supports internal system processing — the meaning of values may change with new
product releases. Your application can read but not write to these properties.
Example : .pxUrgencyWork , pyDefault and pzPVStream

83. How many warning types we have?

Warning Type in Pega are: Performance warnings
Maintainability warnings
Functional warnings
84. What are the security levels?
We are having multi—level security systems. In Pega we can do Access group and access rule object-
level security

85. Case names must be relevant to IT?

Yes, For example for a new employee in an organization we can give him/her “Onboarding” case type.

86. How many shapes in a flow?

We can have 15 shapes in a flow ideally.

87. How many stages in a step?

There won't be stages in a step, there will be steps in stage and they can be 5 plus or minus 2.

88. Why would you create a new stage and it would base on what factors?
When ever there is a major change in the status of the case or the ownership, we think of new Stage.
We create a new stage which depends upon case participants, for example in a case type called Expense
Report when an employee submits expenses the case will be routed to manager/director for approval
in this case we can create a separate stage as it involves different specific user.

89. Can alternate stages be sequence? how?

By default there is no defined sequence for alternate stage. We can configure manually by change
stage smart shape.

90. How many resolution stage per step? per case?

Any number stages can be configured as resolution stages.

91. What is the first-level grouping of related tasks?

Stages are the first level grouping of related tasks which are considered as high level mile stones to be
achieved.

92. Who collaborate to create the data model?

System Architect will collaborate to create the data model.

93. Can you make a stage optional? How?

Yes, a stage can be made optional by using a Decision Making Field called “Start When” which is present
in the process configuration window.

94. Can you make a step optional? How?

We skip or make a step optional using a When RULE.

95. Can you have multiple actors in a single step assignment?

No, we can have only one actor work in a single step assignment. It can be one among a team of
workers/actors, if routed to a work queue.

96. How many connectors per decision shape and the number of connectors depends on what?
The number of connectors depends on the number of allowed results mentioned in the decision rule
selected.

97. The parent case waits for its subcase to complete before continuing processing?
Yes , parent case waits for its sub case to complete before continuing processing.
98. The parent flow waits for its sub-flow to complete before continuing processing?
Yes, parent flow waits for its sub flow to complete before continue processing.

99. Do you use a subcase or a sub-flow when a unique transaction with its own lifecycle is needed?
We use a subcase when a unique transaction with its own life cycle is needed.

100. What are differences between Process: participant, analyst and designer?
SSA QUE
88. Address is a valid class name?
Yes, Such class already exists under TGB-Data-Address. You can use it, If required can be created
again, in a different hierarchy. Irrelevant, but u can create a case type called Address. In such case it
creates a class called Address under ORGNAME—APPNAME-Work-Address

102. What do you create if a data class contains an instance of another data class? inheritance?
This is not inheritance. This is using one class in another. When u create field group, this gets done.

103. Can I call a Validate rule in an Activity?

Yes, Activities can refer validate rules. Example :Obj-validate. Below is the screen shot.

104. Can I Call a Declare Expression within an Activity?

Yes, there is a method, Property-Seek-Value that allows you to call a declare expression.
105. Can I call a Declare Expression in a Section?
No, Declare expressions are associated with a property. U can use that property in section.

106. Can I Call a validate rule within another validate rule?

Yes, It is possible. Open a validate rule, and add additional validations in which you can attach any
other validate rule.

107. Difference between Forward and Backward chaining?

Whenever source changes, target immediately gets updated irrespective of its location, in case of
Forward chaining. You can consider that the event gets fired immediately to update target, every time
the source is changing.
In case of Backward chaining, Whenever the target is live, and seen on screen at that time it gets
updated by fetching all data from dependent sources.

108. Difference between the scopes in the Data Pages?

There are three scopes, namely Node, Thread and Requester.
Thread – the page is created in a single requestor thread, and can be accessed as often
as needed by processing in that thread. Access by separate requestors causes
the rule to create distinct pages, which might have different contents.
Requestor – all threads for the current requestor.
Node – any requestor executing on the current node can access the pages.

109. What do you understand by Refreshing strategies?

The Connector, Report Definition, or other load mechanism serving as the data source for the
data page runs the first time that any requestor within the scope (either Node or Thread)
references the page (such as when accessing the value of a property, or when testing whether a
property is present).
Optionally, on the data page's Load Management tab, you can define criteria (using the Do
not reload when and Reload if older than fields) that can cause the system to delete
instances of the data page on the clipboard and rerun the load mechanism. This action creates
the page or pages again with possibly fresher contents when subsequently referenced (such
as after the first load).
 The Refresh strategy section on the Load Management tab of a data page form

Field Description
Select this check box to cause the system to refresh exactly once per user interaction. This option is available
only for rules with Page scope set to "Thread" or "Requestor". When this check box is selected, at run time the
system ignores any values in the Refresh if older than and Page is fresh when fields.
Reload once per For Thread-scope pages, determine the refresh strategy carefully, especially if your refresh operation is costly in
interaction terms of elapsed time or use of system resources. This involves a trade-off of possibly stale data versus
additional processing. For example, refreshing upon each interaction might introduce avoidable extra
processing if once-per-hour is good enough. However, in a high-frequency access situation, refreshing once per
minute can be less often (and less costly) than once per interaction.

Identify the When record to be evaluated when a requestor accesses a page with a Page scope of "Thread" or
Do not reload "Requestor".
when If the When rule evaluates to false, then the page contents are refreshed. However, the page is never refreshed
more than once per user interaction.

Optional: Enter the amount of time in days, hours, minutes, and seconds, after which the data page is
considered expired. The timer starts when the page is first loaded, not from the time of last access. The data
page is refreshed only when another access request is made after the expiration time, and is never refreshed
more than once per user interaction.
Reload if older For example, assume a reload time of 10 minutes:
than The data page is accessed for the first time at 1200. The data page is loaded because this is the first access.
The data page is accessed for the second time at 1208. The data page is not loaded. The existing copy is
returned. The data page is accessed for the third time at 1211.
The data page is reloaded because the time from the last reload at 1200 exceeds the Reload if older than setting
of 10 minutes.

110. What is a When Rule and please define all the Locations where all it can be referred?
It is a kind of decision rule, that allow you to evaluate one or more conditions, and return a Boolean
value (true/false) . You can use this in fork shape., Declare expressions, Activities, Stages, Flow, Flow
Action, Sections, Layout, Field, Data Pages etc.,
Configuring Decision shape
Declare expressions
UI update (on click of check box something must happen, like providing another field to update data
You can skip a Stage, by using when rule in a stage

You can use it in an activity

Condition type in Connector from a decision shape type as Fork,

Property validation through when rule in advanced tab

Layout can displayed based on when rule

Data Page (Donot reload when condition)

111. What is a Function and where all it is referred?
Functions are internally defined in Pega, and they are created and accessed while creating different rules
in Pega. For example, when you create a decision table, you may need to provide some inputs to obtain
a result. Internally Pega creates function to get the result based on the inputs.

Functions are internally defined in Pega, and they are created and accessed while creating different rules
in Pega. For example, when you create a decision table, you may need to provide some inputs to obtain
a result. Internally Pega creates function to get the result based on the inputs. You also can use some
predefined functions directly in rules like When Rule, Declare Expression, Decision Tree etc.,
……………screen shots available
In When Rule (Advanced tab)

Also u can access and use a function, from expression builder. For example you can access build an
expression gear button from rules like declare Expression rule.
112. What is a Fork Shape and what kind of connector it can have?
Whenever you require, a decision shape which have multiple outputs, you can use Fork. In the flow
rule, you can attach a decision shape, and you can set the type as fork. Post which you can draw any
number of connectors to the shape. Each connector can be configure to a when rule. The connector
pointing to the next shape will be performed only if the when rule is satisfied.

113. What is the link between Harness, Flow Action, Section, Flow?
Harness is a container for a UI(section rule), that provides outer layer to user defined UI, and it provides
options to perform actions to be taken. Like providing a submit button for UI.
Section is a rule that contains Layouts, Controls/properties, sections, paragraphs etc., This is mainly to
create a UI.
Flow or Flow rule is nothing but the process design of a particular process. These are created whenever
you add a process to a stage. This contains the complete flow details of that process.
Flow Action: this is a rule associated with a connector leading from an assignment shape. Each flow
action rule point to a section rule and there by facilitative the viewer to view the ui at runtime.
114. Please define the design time view and runtime view of the Harness?
You can locate the harness rule, using LiveUI. For example use live UI, and locate PZStudio and open it
identify how it looks in design time. Run the application and see how it appears at runtime.