TESTING OF ASPHALT CEMENT • SOLUBILITY (AASHTO T44 – 97)

1. Specific Gravity • This test method is a measure of the solubility of

2. Loss on heating asphalt in trichloroethylene.
3. Solubility • Gooch Crucible, Filter Flask, Filter Tube, Rubber
4. Spot Test Tubing, Erlenmeyer Flask, Oven, Desiccator, Balance,
5. Penetration (original) Suction pump, Glass Fiber Pad or Filter Paper Disc,
Trichloroethylene, Technical Grade
6. Penetration (after loss)
Procedure:
sample based on original after 6hrs of heating
• LOSS ON HEATING (AASHTO T47 – 98) 1. Weigh empty flask + 2g of sample (A)
7. Ductility (original)
• Determines the loss of volatiles in the asphalt. 2. Add 100 mL of trichloroethylene into the flask with
8. Ductility (after loss) sample.
• Oven, Container/Moisture Can, Thermometer,
9. Flash Point Balance 3. Cover the flask and set aside for at least 15 mins.
Procedure: 4. Weigh the gooch crucible with filter paper disc (B)
• SPECIFIC GRAVITY (AASHTO T228-94) 1. Heat the sample with care, until
and place in filtering tube.
• This test is a gauge of the uniformity of an sufficiently fluid to pour.
5. Wet Filter Pad with trichloroethylene and decant
asphalt. sample through filter pad.
2. Weigh the empty MC. (A)
• Pycnometer, Balance 6. Wash the flask with trichloroethylene & decant
3. Pour 50g sample into MC cans. through filter pad.
Procedure:
4. Cool sample to room temp & weigh. (B) 7. Wash Gooch crucible with trichloroethylene until
1. Weigh empty pycnometer with cover (A)
5. Set Oven to 163 degC . the filtrate is colorless.
2. Pycnometer w/ cover + Water, and close
6. Place the MC with sample on the oven for 8. Remove crucible from the tube, wipe the bottom
lid tightly. (B) and side.
5 hours & then remove.
3. Heat sample with care, until sufficiently 9. Place Gooch crucible in oven (110 +- 5), Cool in
7. Allow sample to cool at room temperature
fluid to pour. desiccator for 20min, weigh (C)
then weigh (C).
4. Pour sample into the pycnometer. 10. Repeat drying and weighing until constant weight.
5. Cool then replace the cover and weigh.
Pycnometer with cover + Half-filled with
sample (C )
6. Add water until ma-full into the
pycnometer (with sample).
7. Close lid tightly. Wipe off excess water.
Pycnometer with cover + asphalt + sample
(D)
• SPOT TEST (AASHTO T102-83 (1996)) Examine the spot after 5 mins • DUCTILITY (AASHTO T51 – 94)
• This test is used to determine if an asphaltic materials (+) – if brown or yellowish-brown circular satin with a • This test measures the tensile properties of bituminous
has been overheated during processing. darker solid or annular nucleus in the center materials and may be used to measure ductility for
specification requirements.
• Florence Flask, Filter paper, Graduated Cylinder, (-) – if uniformly brown circular stain forms
Aluminum bowl/container, Cork stopper, Reagents: • Mold or Briquettes, Base Plate, Water Bath,
(25% xylene – 75% heptane) Thermometer, Ductility Machine, Spatula, MC Can,
• PENETRATION (AASHTO T49 – 97) Oven/Stove, Reagents: Glycerin, Talc
Procedure:
• Used to measure the consistency of the asphalt.
1. Weigh empty flask, then add 2 grams of Procedure:
sample. • Penetrometer, Penetration Needle, Container (MC),
Water Bath, Thermometer, Stop Watch, Oven/ Stove, 1. Assemble the briquette/mold on the base plate,
2. Allow to cool to room temperature. Balance 2. Coat the surface of the plate and the interior
3. Add 10mL of xylene-heptane mixture Procedure: surfaces of sides of the mold with release agent.
4. Cover the Flask, swirl rapidly for 5 seconds 1. Heat sample with care and constant 3. Heat sample with care until sufficiently fluid
5. Immerse flask up to the neck in gently stirring until sufficiently fluid to pour to pour.
boiling water for 55 seconds. 2. Pour sample(75% of container) into 4. Pour sample into mold
6. Remove the flask, swirl rapidly for 5 Container, then cover. 5. Level off sample in mold and let it cool to room
seconds. 3. Allow to cool to room temp (1.5-2 hrs) temp.
7. Repeat immersion (55 sec) and swirling (5 sec) 4. Place in 25 o C water bath (1.5-2 hrs) 6. Place base plate and filled mold in water bath
until complete dissolution of sample. maintained at 25 o C.
5. Place sample in stand of Penetrometer.
8. Allow to cool for 30 mins. 7. Detach briquette from the plate, then
6. Adjust needle so its tip just in contact with the
9. Warm in a bath at 32±0.5 o C for 15 mins. surface of the sample. follows the side pieces.
10. Stir mixture thoroughly. 7. Quickly release needle for 5 seconds 8. Immediately attached clips into the hooks of
11. Using the stirring rod, plac a drop of a warm 8. Adjust instrument to measure distance of ductility machine
mixture on Filter Paper #50. penetration (Test Pt = 1cm) 9. Pull clips apart at a rate of 5 cm/min.
12. Examine the spot after 15 mins. 9. Make at least three penetration trials. 10. Measure the distance in cm through
13. (+) if brown or yellowish-brown circular stain (Repeat #4 - #9) or until which the clips have been pulled to
with a darker solid or annular nucleus in the Height – lowest = 4 produce rupture or final length.
center.
If however, the drop forms uniformly brown Values can be obtained from the reading of the
circular stain, set mixture for 24 hours. Values can be obtained from the reading of the Ductility Machine. (Values na marupture)
14. Warm mixture to 32±0.5 o C for 15 mins. Penetrometer.
15. Stir vigorously using rod, Place a drop on Filter
Paper No. 50. Report to the nearest whole number the average
16. Make Judgement of at least three penetrations
 • FLASH POINT (AASHTO T48 – 96) TESTING OF EMULSIFIED ASPHALT • SPECIFIC GRAVITY (AASHTO M-140)
• The values obtained is used in shipping and 1. Specific Gravity • The values of specific gravity and density are
safety regulations to define flammable and 2. Storage Stability used for converting volumes to units of mass
combustible materials. 3. Sieve Test as required in other ASTM Standards and in
• Cleaveland Open cup apparatus, 4. Viscosity (Saybolt-Furol) sales transactions.
Thermometer 5. Distillation by Evaporation • Pycnometer, Balance
6. Cement Mixing Procedure:
Procedure:
7. Test on Residue 1. Mix the Asphalt thoroughly, until mixture
1. Heat sample with care, and constant A. Penetration is uniformed.
stirring until sufficiently fluid to pour B. Ductility 2. Pass through sieve # 200 (remove globule
2. Fill the Cleaveland Open Cup to the filling C. Solubility which may block pycnometer.
line. 3. Weigh empty pycnometer with cover (A)
3. Place the thermometer in a vertical 4. Fill Pycnometer with water. Close lid
position. tightly
4. Apply Heat to sample. (290 – 300degC) 5. Wipe off excess water then Weigh (B)
5. Starting of at least 28degC below 6. Fill pycnometer with thoroughly mixed
anticipated flash point, apply test flame sample.
across center of the cup for every 2degC 7. Wipe Off excess sample then Weigh. (C)
increase temperature.
6. Record temperature when a flash appears
on the surface of the sample.
Values can be obtained from the reading of the
Thermometer.
• STORAGE STABILITY (ASTM D6930 – 19) • SIEVE TEST (ASTM D6933 – 19) • VISCOSITY (SAYBOLT-FUROL) (ASTM D7496 – 18)
• It is a measure of the permanence of the dispersion as • The retention of an excessive amount of particles • Viscosity has significance in the use of emulsified
related to time, but it is not to be construed to have on the sieve indicates that problems may occur asphalt because it is a property which affects their
significance as a measure of other stability aspects utility.
in handling and application of the dispersed
involved in use.
phase. Storage, pumping handling, and • Saybolt Furol Viscometer, Erlenmeyer Flask,
• Cylinder (500 mL), Glass Pipette, Balance, Beaker with Thermometer, Water Bath, Timer, Receiving Flask
temperature can all contribute to the formation
Stirring Rod, Oven with Rotating Shelves
of the particles. Procedure:
Procedure: 1. Pour 100 – 110 mL into Erlenmeyer flask
• Sieve No. 20, Watch Glass, Beaker, Graduated
1. Place 500 mL representative sample in a and cover
Cylinder
cylinder
Procedure: 2. Place the flask in water bath at 25℃ for 30
2. Cover the cylinder. Let it sit for 24 hours.
3. Remove 55 ml from top using a Pipet 1. Weigh the Watch Glass and the Sieve mins
4. Stir the 55 mL, weigh 50 g from it into a 2. Let 1000 mL of EA sample pass through 3. Mix sample in the flask slowly enough to
previously weighed beaker with rod and cover the sieve No. 20. prevent bubble formation.
(Top A) 3. Wash the container and residue with 2% 4. Insert cork stopper having a cord attached
5. Remove next 390 mL using a Pipet Sodium Oleate Solution until Clear. at the bottom opening of viscometer.
6. Stir the remaining 55 mL, weigh 50 g from it into 5. Pour sample into viscometer through filter
4. Put back the Sieve into watch glass.
a previously weighed beaker with rod and cover
5. Place the sieve with watch glass into oven funnel with #20 sieve.
(Bottom A)
with temperature of 105o C for 2 hours. 6. Fill viscometer until sample overflows into
7. Place Beakers 1st and 2nd in oven at 163℃
for 2 hours. 6. Cool and Weigh. overflow rim.
8. Remove beakers and stir the residue. Heat again 7. Place receiving flask below the bottom
for 1 hour. opening of viscometer
9. Allow to Cool. Then weigh. 8. Remove cork from the bottom of
viscometer and start timer.
9. Stop timer the instant the sample reaches
the lower meniscus of the receiving flask.

Values can be obtained from the reading of Stop

Watch.
• DISTILLATION BY EVAPORATION • CEMENT MIXING (ASTM D6935 – 22) • TEST ON RESIDUE (residue from evap.)
(ASTM D6697 – 12) • The result of this test method indicates the ability of a ➢ Penetration
• This test method for residue by evaporation slow setting emulsified asphalt to mix with a finely
➢ Ductility
divided, high surface area material without breaking
tends to give an asphaltic residue lower in ➢ Solubility in Trichloroethylene
the emulsified asphalt.
penetration and ductility than the distillation
• Sieve Number 80 (8-inch ꬾ), Sieve Number 14 (3-inch
test method.
ꬾ), Mixing Bowl, Stirring Rod, Graduated Cylinder,
• Beaker with Stirring Rod, Digital Balance, Watch Glass, Balance, Oven
Oven
Procedure:
Procedure:
1. Dilute emulsified asphalt with water to a
1. Weigh the Beaker and Stirring rod. residue of 55%, as determined by the residue
2. Put 50 g of Emulsified Asphalt on evaporation.
3. Heat into the oven with temperature of 2. Sieve 50 g cement through Sieve # 80 into a
163degC for 4 hours. mixing bowl
3. Add 100 mL diluted emulsified asphalt to the
4. Cool the sample and record the weight.
cement.
5. Remove beakers and stir the residue. Heat
4. Stir for 1 min with rod using a circular
again for 1 hour. motion.
6. Cool the sample. And Record the weight. 5. Add 150 mL water and continue stirring for 3
min.
6. Pour the mixture through weighed sieve #14.
Wash mixing bowl with water to completely
remove the materials.
7. Pour the washings of the bowl through the sieve
No. 14
8. Rinse with water until clear at height of 6 in.
9. Place sieve on pre-weighed watch glass
(A)
10. Place in oven at 163℃.
11. Allow to Cool Then Weigh. (B)