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FullWave Rectifier

The document outlines an experiment to connect a full wave rectifier circuit and observe output waveforms, focusing on load characteristics and measuring DC and ripple voltages with and without a π filter. It details the apparatus needed, theoretical background on full wave rectifiers and filter circuits, and provides a step-by-step procedure for conducting the experiment. The results section includes observations and discussions on the performance of the rectifier with and without filters.

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Chatradhara Reddy
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16 views4 pages

FullWave Rectifier

The document outlines an experiment to connect a full wave rectifier circuit and observe output waveforms, focusing on load characteristics and measuring DC and ripple voltages with and without a π filter. It details the apparatus needed, theoretical background on full wave rectifiers and filter circuits, and provides a step-by-step procedure for conducting the experiment. The results section includes observations and discussions on the performance of the rectifier with and without filters.

Uploaded by

Chatradhara Reddy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS LABORATORY

EXPERIMENT NO: 4

FULL WAVE RECTIFIER WITHOUT FILTER AND WITH π FILTER

AIM:
a. To connect Full wave rectifier circuit and observe the output wave forms using CRO.
b. To study the load characteristics and measure DC and ripple voltages of the rectifier
without any filter and with π section filters.

APPARATUS:
i. Diodes- 1N4007-2
ii. DSO and DSO probes
iii. Decade Resistances box
iv. Digital Multimeter (0-200mA,0-200V)
v. Decade Inductance box
vi. Capacitors (100 µf)
vii. Bread board, single strand wire, Transformer(15V-0-15V)

THEORY:
A full wave rectifier is a circuit, which converts AC voltages into a pulsating DC voltage
using halfcycle of the applied AC voltages. These are classified into center-tapped full wave
rectifier and bridge rectifier. Efficiency of the full wave rectifier is given by
η=0.812(1+(Rf/RL))
Maximum Efficiency is 81.2%
Filter circuit can be defined as the circuit which removes the unwanted AC component of
the rectifier output and allows only DC components to reach the load. The filter circuit consists
of passive circuit elements such as inductors, capacitors, and their combinations. Some
important filters used in power supply circuits are as follows.
a. Inductor Filter.
b. Capacitor Filter
c. L-Section Filters.
d. П Section Filters.
b) Inductor Filter:
An inductor filter simply consists of a choke in series with the load. Since the load
characteristics of an inductor oppose any change in current. It will have a smooth effect. It
has high inductance reactance to AC input but quite low resistance to DC. The filtering is
done to remove unwanted AC component.
c) Capacitor Filter:
It consists of a capacitor in parallel with the load. It has high resistance to DC and has low
capacitance reactance. The capacitor charges up to the peak value of the input voltage and
tries to maintain this value as the full wave input drops to zero. An inexpensive filter for high
loads is found in capacitor filters.

Department of ECE 17 VNRVJIET


ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS LABORATORY

d) L-Section filter:
Ripple increases with an increase in load resistance in an inductor filter but decreases
in a capacitor filter for an increase in load resistance. A combination of inductor and capacitor
filter into a L-section makes the ripple independent of load resistance.

e) П-Section Filter:
It is a combination of capacitor and inductor. П-section Filter gives a simple magnitude
of ripple but with poorer voltage regulation. This ripple decreases in П-section filter with
increase in load.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Fig. 1: Full wave rectifier without filter


CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Fig. 2: Full wave rectifier with 𝜋 filter

PRECAUTIONS:
i. The primary and secondary side of the transformer should be carefully identified.

ii. The polarities of all the diodes should be carefully identified.

Department of ECE 18 VNRVJIET


ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS LABORATORY

PROCEDURE:
1. Construct the circuit as per the diagram.
2. Without connecting load, observe the voltage at the output section as VNL.
3. Now connect the load. Vary the load current in convenient steps and note down the
AC voltage and the DC voltage across the load using digital multi meter (DMM) as
VFL.
4. Repeat the same procedure by connecting different filter circuits as per the circuit diagrams.
5. Tabulate the readings by calculating the ripple factor, efficiency and % regulation in all
thecases.
6. Plot the output waveforms for all circuits (with and without filters).
7. Plot the graphs for load regulation taking % regulation on Y-axis and load resistance on
X-axis.

OBSERVATIONS: TABLE -1: Full wave rectifier without filter

At No load, voltage VNL = ________ V

Idc Vdc Vac RL = Vdc / Idc Ripple %Regulation


(mA) (volts) (Vrms) factor ={(VNL-VFL)/VFL}x100
ρ=Vac/Vdc
0
5
10
15

TABLE -2: Full wave rectifier with 𝝅 filter

At No load, voltage VNL = ________ V

Idc Vdc
Vac RL = Vdc / Ripple %Regulation
(mA) (volts) (Vrms) Idc factor r={(VNL-VFL)/VFL}x100
ρ=Vac/Vdc

Department of ECE 19 VNRVJIET


ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS LABORATORY

MODEL GRAPHS:

Fig. 3 Full wave rectifier input and output waveforms without


filter

Fig. 4 Full wave rectifier input and output waveforms with filter

RESULTS:
a. Ripple factor of full wave rectifier without filter is _____.
b. Ripple factor of full wave rectifier with filter is
c. %Regulation of full wave rectifier without filter is
d. %Regulation of full wave rectifier with filter is
e. full wave rectifier without filter input frequency_____ and output frequency______
f. full wave rectifier with filter output frequency _________ and ripple voltage______.

DISCUSSIONS:
a. It is observed experimentally that
b. Rectifier with Filter gives better regulation.
c. Rectifier with Filter gives a better ripple factor.

Department of ECE 20 VNRVJIET

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