Ramr

aoAdi
kInst
it
uteofTechnol
ogy
,
Sect
or7,
Ner
ul,
Nav
iMumbai
(
Aff
il
iat
edt
oUni
ver
sit
yofMumbai
)
DepartmentofEl
ect
ronicsand
Telecommuni
cati
ons

MI
NIPROJECTFORTHESUBJECTDBMS
Repor
ton
COLLEGEDATABASEMANAGEMENTSYSTEM
Per
for
medby

RAMANANDDHOLE-
-17ET7006
 CERTI
FICATEOFAPPROVAL
Thi
sist
ocer
ti
fyt
hat
,theMiniPr
ojectf
ort
hesubj
ectDBMS
enti
tl
ed
COLLEGEDATABASEMANAGEMENTSYSTEM
sbonaf
I idewor
kdoneby
RAMANANDDHOLE-
--
-17ET7006

Uni
ver
sit
yofMumbai
SI
GNATURE: GRADE:

TI
TLE:
COLLEGEDATABASEMANAGEMENTSYSTEM
SOFTWAREREQUI RED: MYSQLPOSTGRE
THEORY:
Adat abase- managementsy st em ( DBMS)i sacol lect ionofi nterrelat eddat aandasetofpr ogr amst o
accesst hosedat a.Thi si sacol lectionofr elateddat awi thani mpl icitmeani ngandhencei sadat abase.
Thecol l
ect i
onofdat a,usual lyr eferredt oast hedat abase, cont ainsi nfor mat i
onr elevantt oan
enter pr i
se.Thepr i
mar ygoal ofaDBMSi st opr ovideawayt ost or eandr et r
iev edat abasei nf ormat ion
thati sbot hconv enientandef ficient .Bydat a, wemeanknownf actst hatcanber ecor dedandt hathav e
i
mpl icitmeani ng.Forexampl e, consi dert henames, telephonenumber s, andaddr essesoft hepeopl e
youknow.
Knowl edger ef er
st ot hepr act ical useofi nf ormat i
on.Whi lei nfor mat i
oncanbet ranspor ted, storedor
shar edwi thoutmanydi f
f i
cul t
iest hesamecannotbesai daboutknowl edge.Knowl edgenecessar ily
i
nv olv esaper sonal exper ience.Ref er r i
ngbackt ot hesci ent ificexper iment ,at hirdper sonr eadi ngt he
resul tswi l
l hav einfor mat ionabouti t, whi let heper sonwhoconduct edt heexper imentper sonal lywi l
l
hav eknowl edgeabouti t.Dat abasesy st emsar edesi gnedt omanagel ar gebodi es.
Dat abasesy stemsar edesi gnedt omanagel ar gebodi esofi nfor mat i
on.Managementofdat ai nvol ves
bot hdef iningst r
uct uresf orst or ageofi nf ormat i
onandpr ov idi
ngmechani smsf ort hemani pulationof
i
nf ormat ion.I naddi ti
on, thedat abasesy st em mustensur et hesaf et yoft hei nformat ionst or ed, despi te
syst em cr ashesorat tempt satunaut hor izedaccess.I fdat aar etobeshar edamongsev eral users, the
syst em mustav oidpossi bleanomal ousr esul ts.Becausei nfor mat ioni ssoi mpor t
anti nmost
organi zat ions, comput ersci ent i
st shav edev elopedal argebodyofconcept sandt echni quesf or
managi ngdat a.Theseconcept sandt echni quef or mt hef ocusoft hi sbook.
1.Dat ai sol ation.Becausedat aar escat teredi nv ariousf il
es, andf ilesmaybei ndi fferentf or mat s,
writingnewappl icationpr ogr amst or etriev etheappr opr i
at edat ai sdi f
f i
cul t
.
2.Int egr itypr oblems.Thedat av aluesst or edi nthedat abasemustsat isfycer tai
nt ypesofconsi stency
const raints.Forexampl e, thebal anceofabankaccountmaynev erf allbel owapr escr i
bedamount( say,
$25) .Dev el oper senf orcet heseconst raint sint hesy st em byaddi ngappr opr iatecodei nt hev arious
appl icationpr ograms.Howev er,whennewconst r
ai ntsar eadded, i
ti sdi fficultt ochanget hepr ogr ams
toenf orcet hem.Thepr obl em i scompoundedwhenconst r aintsinv olvesev er aldat aitemsf rom
differentf iles.
3.At omi citypr oblems.Acomput ersy stem, l
ikeanyot hermechani cal orel ect ri
cal dev i
ce, issubj ectt o
fail
ur e.Inmanyappl i
cations, itiscr uci al that ,i
faf ailur eoccur s, t
hedat aber estoredt ot heconsi stent
statet hatexi stedpr iortot hef ailure.
4.Concur rent-accessanomal i
es.Fort hesakeofov er all
per f
or manceoft hesy stem andf ast er
response, manysy stemsal lowmul ti
pleuser stoupdat ethedatasi multaneousl y
.Insuchan
env ir
onment ,i
nter
act i
onofconcur rentupdat esmayr esul
tininconsistentdat a.
5.Secur i
typroblems.Notev eryuseroft hedat abasesy st
em shouldbeabl et oaccessal l
thedata.For
exampl e,i
nabanki ngsy st
em, pay r
ollper sonnel needtoseeonl ythatpar toft hedatabasethathas
i
nf ormat i
onaboutt hev ari
ousbankempl oy ees.Theydonotneedaccesst oinf ormati
onabout
cust omeraccount s.But ,sinceappl i
cationpr ogramsar eaddedt ot hesy stem inanadhocmanner ,
enf orci
ngsuchsecur ityconst r
aintsisdifficult
.Thesedi ff
icul
ti
es,amongot hers,promptedthe
dev elopmentofdat abasesy st
ems.I nwhatf oll
ows, weshal l
seetheconcept sandal gor
it
hmst hat
enabl edat abasesy stemst osol vethepr oblemswi thfi
le-
processi
ngsy stems.I nmostoft hi
sbook, we
useabankent erpri
seasar unningexampl eofat ypi
caldata-
processingappl icat i
onfoundina
cor porati
on.

Adv antagesofDBMS:
Datai ndependence
Effi
cientdat aaccess
Datai ntegri
tyandsecuri
ty
Dataadmi nistrat
ion
Reducedappl i
cati
ondev
elopmentt
ime
Disadv antagesofaDBMS:
DangerofaOv er
kil
l
Compl exi
ty
Qual i
fiedPer sonnel
Cost s
LowerEf fi
ciency

Consi dertheschemaf orColl

egeDat abase:
STUDENT( USN, SName, Address,Phone, Gender )
SEMSEC( SSI D, Sem, Sec)
CLASS( USN, SSID)
SUBJECT( Subcode, Titl
e,Sem, Cr
edits)
IAMARKS( USN, Subcode,SSID,Test1,Test 2,Test3,FinalI
A)
Wr i
teSQLquer i
esto
1.Listallthest udentdetai
lsstudyi
ngi nfour t
hsemest er‘C’sect
ion.
2.Comput et het otalnumberofmal eandf emal estudentsineachsemest erandi
neach
section.
3.Cr eateav iewofTest 1mar ksofstudentUSN‘ 1BI
15CS101’ i
nallsubj
ects.
4.Cal cul
atet heFi nalI
A(averageofbestt wot estmar ks)andupdat ethe
correspondi ngt ableforallst
udents.
5.Cat egorizest udentsbasedont hef oll
owi ngcr i
ter
ion:
IfFi
nal I
A=17t o20thenCAT=‘ Outstanding’
IfFi
nal I
A=12t o16thenCAT=‘ Average’
IfFi
nal I
A<12t henCAT=‘ Weak’
Givet hesedet ail
sonlyfor8thsemest erA, B,andCsect ionstudents.
ER-
Diagr
am:
Tabl
eCr
eat
ion:

STUDENT
CREATETABLESTUDENT
(USNVARCHAR(10)PRIMARYKEY,
SNAMEVARCHAR( 25),
ADDRESSVARCHAR( 25),
PHONEVARCHAR( 10),
GENDERCHAR(1));
Tabl
ecreat
ed.

SEMSEC
CREATETABLESEMSEC
SSIDVARCHAR(5)PRI
MARYKEY,
SEM NUMBER(2),
SECCHAR(1))
;
Tablecr
eat
ed.

CLASS
CREATETABLECLASS
(USNVARCHAR( 10),
SSIDVARCHAR( 5),PRIMARY
KEY(USN,SSI
D),
FOREIGNKEY( USN)REFERENCESSTUDENT(USN),
FOREIGNKEY( SSID)REFERENCESSEMSEC(
SSID)
);
Tablecr
eated.

SUBJECT
CREATETABLESUBJECT
(SUBCODEVARCHAR( 8)PRIMARYKEY,
TITLEVARCHAR(20),
SEM NUMBER( 2)
,CREDITS
NUMBER( 2))
;
Tablecr
eated.

I
AMARKS
CREATETABLEIAMARKS
(USNVARCHAR(10),
SUBCODEVARCHAR( 8)
,
SSIDVARCHAR(5)
,TEST1
NUMBER(2),
TEST2
NUMBER(2),
TEST3NUMBER(2),
FI
NALIANUMBER( 3),
PRIMARYKEY(USN,SUBCODE,
SSI
D),
FOREIGNKEY(
USN)REFERENCESSTUDENT(USN),
FOREIGNKEY(
SUBCODE)REFERENCESSUBJECT(SUBCODE)
,
FOREIGNKEY(
SSID)REFERENCESSEMSEC(
SSID)
);
Tabl
ecreat
ed.

Val
uesf
ort
abl
es:

STUDENT:

I
NSERTINTOSTUDENTVALUES
(
'&USN'
,
'&sname'
,
'&addr
ess'
,
’&phone’
,
'&gender
')
;

sel
ect*f
rom st
udent;
USN SNAME ADDRESS PHONE G

l
cg15cs001 Abhi t
umkur 9875698410 M

l
cg15cs002 Amul
ya Qubbi 8896557412 F

l
cg16me063 Chet
han Ni
tt
ur 7894759522 m

l
cg14ec055 Raghav
i Sspur
am 9485675521 F

l
cg15ee065 Sanj
ay Bangal
ore 9538444404 M

SEMSEC:
INSERTINTOSEMSECVALUES(
'&SSI
D',
‘&sem’
,
'&sec'
);
select*f
rom semsec;
S SID Sems

5A 5 A

3B 3 B

7A 7 A
2C 2 C

4B 4 B

4c 4 c

CLASS:
INSERTINTOCLASSVALUES(
‘&USN’
,
’&SSI
D’)
;
select*f
rom cl
ass;
USN SSI
D

l
cg15cs001 5A

l
cg15cs002 5A

l
cg16me063 3B

l
cg14ec055 7A

l
cg15ee065 3B

l
cg15ee065 4c

l
cg15cs002 4c

SUBJECT:
INSERTINTOSUBJECTVALUES(
'10CS81'
,
'ACA'
,8,
4);
select*f
rom subj
ect
;
SUBCODE TI
TLE SEM CREDI
TS

15cs53 Dbms 5 4

15cs33 ds 3 4

15cs34 Co 3 4

15cs158 Dba 5 2

10cs71 Oomd 7 4

IAMARKS:
INSERTI NTOIAMARKSVALUES
(‘
&USN’ ,
‘
&SUBCODE’ ,
’&SSI
D’,
’
&TEST1’
,
’&TEST2’
,
’&TEST3’
);
select*from i
amarks;
USN SUBCODE SSI D TEST1 TEST2 TEST3 FI
NALI
A

l
cg15cs001 15cs53 5A 18 19 15 19

l
cg15cs002 15cs53 5A 15 16 14 16

l
cg16me063 15cs33 3B 10 15 16 16

l
cg14ec055 10cs71 7A 18 20 21 21
l
cg15ee065 15cs33 3B 16 20 17 19

l
cg15ee065 15cs53 4c 19 20 18 20

Quer
ies:

1.Listallthestudentdetai
l
sst udyi
nginfour
thsemest
er‘
C’sect
ion.
select
s.usn,sname,address,
phone,genderfr
om
students, cl
assc, semsecsswher e
sem=4and
sec='c'and
ss.ssid=c.
ssidand
c.usn=s.usn;

USN SNAME ADDRESS PHONE G

l
cg15ee065 Sanj
ay Bangal
ore 9538444404 M

l
cg15cs002 Amul
ya Gubbi 8896557412 F

2.Computethetotalnumberofmaleandf
emal
est
udent
sineachsemest
erandi
neach
secti
on.
SELECTSEM, SEC,
GENDER,COUNT( *
)
FROM STUDENTS, SEMSECSS,CLASSC
WHERES. USN=C.USNAND
C.SSI
D=SS.SSID
GROUPBYSEM, SEC,GENDER
ORDERBYSEM;
SEM S G COUNT

3 B M 2

4 C F 1

4 C M 1

5 A F 1

5 A M 1

7 A F 1

3.Creat
eav i
ewofTest 1marksofst
udentUSN‘
1BI
15CS101’
inal
lsubj
ect
s.
CREATEVI EW TEST1AS
SELECTSUBCODE, TEST1
FROM IAMARKS
WHEREUSN=' 1cg15ee065'
;
Viewcreat
ed.
SQL>select*from t
est
1;
SUBCODE TEST1
15cs33 16

15cs53 19

4.Cal
culatetheFinalI
A(averageofbestt
wotestmarks)andupdatet
hecor
respondi
ngt
abl
e
foral
lstudents.
CREATEORREPLACEPROCEDUREAVG
I
S
CURSORC_ I
AMARKSI S
SELECTGREATEST( TEST1,TEST2)ASA,GREATEST(
TEST1,TEST3)ASB,
GREATEST( TEST3,TEST2)ASC
FROM IAMARKS
WHEREFI NALI AISNULL
FORUPDATE;
C_ANUMBER;
C_BNUMBER;
C_CNUMBER;
C_SM NUMBER;
C_AVNUMBER;
BEGIN
OPENC_ IAMARKS;
LOOP
FETCHC_ IAMARKSI NTOC_ A,
C_B,C_C;
EXITWHENC_ I
AMARKS%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_ OUTPUT. PUT_ LI
NE(C_A|
|'
'|
|C_B|
|
''|
|
C_C);
I
F(C_A! =C_B)THEN
C_SM: =C_A+C_ B;
ELSE
C_SM: =C_A+C_ C;
ENDI F;
C_AV:=C_ SM/ 2;
DBMS_ OUTPUT. PUT_ LI
NE('
SUM='||
C_SM);
DBMS_ OUTPUT. PUT_ LI
NE('
AVERAGE='|
|C_AV)
;
UPDATEI AMARKS
SETFI NALI A=C_AV
WHERECURRENTOFC_ IAMARKS;
ENDLOOP;
CLOSEC_ IAMARKS;
ENDAVG;
Procedurecr eated.

SQL>BEGIN
2AVG;
3END;
PL/SQLpr
ocedur
esuccessf
ull
ycompl
eted.
SQL>SELECT*FROM IAMARKS;
USN SUBCODE SSI D TEST1 TEST2 TEST3 FI
NALI
A

l
cg15cs001 15cs53 5A 18 19 15 19

l
cg15cs002 15cs53 5A 15 16 14 16
l
cg16me063 15cs53 3B 10 15 16 16

l
cg14ec055 10cs71 7A 18 20 21 21

l
cg15ee065 15cs53 3B 16 20 17 19

l
cg15ee065 15cs53 4c 19 20 18 20

6r
owssel
ect
ed.
5.Cat
egor
izest
udent
sbasedont
hef
oll
owi
ngcr
it
eri
on:

I
fFinalI
A=17t o20t henCAT=‘ Outst
andi
ng’I
f
Fi
nalI
A=12t o16t henCAT=‘ Average’
I
fFinalI
A<12t henCAT=‘ Weak’
Gi
vet hesedetail
sonl yf
or8thsemesterA,B,
andCsect
ionst
udent
s.

SELECTS. USN,S.SNAME,S.
ADDRESS,
S.PHONE,
S.GENDER,
CASEWHENI A.FINALIABETWEEN17AND20THEN' OUTSTANDI
NG'
WHENI A.FINALIABETWEEN12AND16THEN' AVERAGE'
ELSE'WEAK'
ENDASCAT
FROM STUDENTS, SEMSECSS,I
AMARKSI A,
SUBJECTSUB
WHERES. USN=I A.USNAND
SS.SSI
D=IA.SSI
DAND
SUB.SUBCODE=I A.SUBCODEAND
SUB.SEM=7
USN SNAME ADDRESS PHONE G CAT

l
cg14ec055 Raghav
i Sspur
am 9485675521 F Weak

CONCLUSI ON:Her
ewehav edifferentmet
hodstodosol v
etheprobl
em.ManySof t
waresar eusedto
dot hi
ssuchasMySQL,post
gre,etcbutwecameusi ngMYSQLbecauseitisabett
ersolut
iont ocome
from assuchweareal
readystudyingthi
ssower effer
edMySQLasasof t
waretodoourpr oject
.In
thi9swecameundermanyquer iesandsolvedeachqueryandi
ll
ustr
atedourexamplemor especif
ical
l
y.