Exp 1:-friend function

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

class ABC;

class XYZ

{ int x;

public:

void setvalue(int i)

{ x=i; }

friend void max(XYZ,ABC);

};

class ABC

{ int a;

public:

void setvalue(int i)

{ a=i; }

friend void max(XYZ,ABC);

int b;

public:

void setvalue()

{ a=25; b=40; }

friend float mean(ABC s);

};

float mean(ABC s)

{ return float(s.a + s.b)/2.0; }

int main()

{ ABC x;

x.setvalue();
 cout<<"Mean value = "<<mean(x)<<"\n";

return 0;

Exp2:- passing object as argument

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

class time

{ int hours; int minutes;

public:

void gettime(int h,int m)

{ hours=h; minutes=m; }

void puttime(void)

{ cout<<hours<<" hours : ";

cout<<minutes<<" minutes "<<"\n"; }

void sum(time,time);

};

void time :: sum(time t1,time t2)

{ minutes=t1.minutes + t2.minutes;

hours=minutes/60;

minutes=minutes%60;

hours=hours+t1.hours+t2.hours;

int main()
{ time t1,t2,t3;

t1.gettime(2,45);

t2.gettime(3,30);

t3.sum(t1,t2);

cout<<"T1 "; t1.puttime();

cout<<"T2 "; t2.puttime();

cout<<"T3 "; t3.puttime();

return 0;

Exp3:- swap using classes

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

class c2;

class c1

{ int v1;

public:

void indata(int a)

{ v1=a; }

void display(void)

{ cout<<v1<<"\n"; }

friend void exchange(c1 &,c2 &);

};
class c2

{ int v2;

public:

void indata(int a)

{ v2=a; }

void display(void)

{ cout<<v2<<"\n"; }

friend void exchange(c1 &,c2 &);

};

void exchange(c1 & x,c2 & y)

{ int temp=x.v1;

x.v1=y.v2;

y.v2=temp;

int main()

{ c1 C1;

c2 C2;

C1.indata(100);

C2.indata(200);

cout<<"Values after exchange "<<"\n";

exchange(C1,C2);

C1.display();

C2.display();

return 0;
}

Exp4:- using private variable

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

class triangle

{ private:

double side1,side2,side3;

public:

triangle(double s1,double s2,double s3): side1(s1), side2(s2),side3(s3) {}

void determineType() const

{ if(side1<=0||side2<=0||side3<=0)

{ cout<<"Invalid sides"; }

if(side1==side2&&side2==side3)

{ cout<<"Equilateral triangle"; }

else if(side1==side2||side1==side3||side2==side3)

{ cout<<"Isosceles triangle"; }

else

{ cout<<"Scalene triangle"; }

};

int main()

{ double s1,s2,s3;

cout<<"Enter the length of three sides";

cin>>s1;

cout<<"Side-2: ";

cin>>s2;

cout<<"Side-3: ";

cin>>s3;

triangle triangle(s1,s2,s3);

triangle.determineType();

return 0;

Exp5:-Swapping by call by reference

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int swap(int *a,int *b)

{ int s=*a;

*a=*b;

*b=s;

int main()

{ int a=9,b=15;

cout<<"A before calling the function is "<<a;

cout<<"\nB before calling the function is "<<b;

swap(&a,&b);
 cout<<"\nA after calling the function is "<<a;

cout<<"\nB after calling the function is "<<b;

return 0;

Exp6:- Swap using call by value

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int swap(int a,int b)

{ int s=a;

a=b;

b=s;

int main()

{ int a=9,b=15;

cout<<"A before calling the function is "<<a;

cout<<"\nB before calling the function is "<<b;

swap(a,b);

cout<<"\nA after calling the function is "<<a;

cout<<"\nB after calling the function is "<<b;

return 0;

}
Exp7:- Swap using reference variable

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int swap(int &a,int &b)

{ int s=a;

a=b;

b=s;

int main()

{ int a=9,b=15;

cout<<"A before calling the function is "<<a;

cout<<"\nB before calling the function is "<<b;

swap(a,b);

cout<<"\nA after calling the function is "<<a;

cout<<"\nB after calling the function is "<<b;

return 0;

Exp8:- Bank transaction using reference variable

using namespace std;

void withdraw(float &a)

{ float w;

cout<<"Enter the amount to withdraw ";

cin>>w;

if(w>a)

{ cout<<"Cannot withdraw funds "; }

else

{ if(a>0)

{ a=a-w; }

else

{ cout<<"Not enough funds to withdraw ";

void transfer(float &a)

{ float t;

cout<<"Enter the amount to transfer ";

cin>>t;

if(t>a)

{ cout<<"Cannot transfer funds "; }

else

{ if(a>1200)

{ a=a-t; }

else

{ cout<<"Not enough funds to transfer "; }

}
}

void deposit(float &a)

{ float d;

cout<<"Enter the amount to deposit ";

cin>>d;

a=a+d;

void show(float &a)

{ cout<<"Current balance is : $"<<a;

int main()

{ float a=8000.00; int choice;

cout<<"Enter your choice \n1 Withdraw \n2 Transfer \n3 Deposit \n4 Show Balance";

cin>>choice;

switch(choice)

{ case 1: withdraw(a);

cout<<"\nYour balance after withdrawal "<<a;

break;

case 2: transfer(a);

cout<<"\nYour balance after transferring to another account "<<a;

break;

case 3: deposit(a);

cout<<"\nYour account balance after depositing money "<<a;

break;

case 4: show(a);

break;

return 0;
}

Exp9:- Banking application using classes

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class BankAccount {

private:

float balance;

public:

BankAccount(float initial_balance) {

balance = initial_balance; }

void withdraw() {

float w;

cout << "Enter the amount to withdraw: ";

cin >> w;

if (w <= 0) {

cout << "Invalid amount to withdraw.\n"; }

else if (w > balance) {

cout << "Cannot withdraw funds. Insufficient balance.\n";

} else {

balance = balance - w; }
}

void transfer() {

float t;

cout << "Enter the amount to transfer: ";

cin >> t;

if (t <= 0) {

cout << "Invalid amount to transfer.\n";

else if (t > balance) {

cout << "Cannot transfer funds. Insufficient balance.\n";

} else if (balance <= 1200) {

cout << "Not enough funds to transfer (balance below $1200).\n";

} else {

balance = balance - t;

void deposit() {

float d;

cout << "Enter the amount to deposit: ";

cin >> d;

if (d <= 0) {

cout << "Invalid amount to deposit.\n";

} else {

balance = balance + d;

}
 void show() const {

cout << "Current balance is: $" << balance << endl;

};

int main() {

BankAccount account(8000.00);

int choice;

do {

cout << "\nEnter your choice: \n1. Withdraw \n2. Transfer \n3. Deposit \n4. Show
Balance \n5. Exit\n";

cin >> choice;

switch (choice) {

case 1:

account.withdraw();

cout << "Your balance after withdrawal: $";

account.show();

break;

case 2:

account.transfer();

cout << "Your balance after transfer: $";

account.show();

break;

case 3:

account.deposit();
 cout << "Your balance after depositing money: $";

account.show();

break;

case 4:

account.show();

break;

case 5:

cout << "Exiting program.\n";

break;

default:

cout << "Invalid choice. Please try again.\n";

} while (choice != 5);

return 0;

EXP 10:- Member function

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

private:

int day, month, year;

bool isLeapYear() {

return (year % 4 == 0 && (year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0));

bool isValidDate() {

if (month < 1 || month > 12 || day < 1) return false;

int daysInMonth[] = {31, 28 + isLeapYear(), 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31};

return day <= daysInMonth[month - 1];

public:

void setDate(int d, int m, int y) {

day = d; month = m; year = y;

void displayDate() {

if (isValidDate()) cout<<"Valid dates "<<day<<"/"<<month<<"/"<<year<<endl;

else cout << "Invalid date!" << endl;

};

int main() {

Date date;

date.setDate(2, 2, 2024);

date.displayDate();

date.setDate(3, 1, 2024);

date.displayDate();

return 0;