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Unit 3 - 3

The document outlines various construction work items, including earthwork for excavation and filling, brick soling, concrete in foundations, masonry work, damp proof courses, and flooring specifications. It details measurement methods for calculating volumes and areas for different materials and construction elements, such as walls, steel work, and woodwork for doors and windows. Additionally, it includes guidelines for estimating quantities and costs associated with these construction activities.

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14 views21 pages

Unit 3 - 3

The document outlines various construction work items, including earthwork for excavation and filling, brick soling, concrete in foundations, masonry work, damp proof courses, and flooring specifications. It details measurement methods for calculating volumes and areas for different materials and construction elements, such as walls, steel work, and woodwork for doors and windows. Additionally, it includes guidelines for estimating quantities and costs associated with these construction activities.

Uploaded by

tumheptahotobtado
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GENERAL ITEMS OF WORK 28

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EARTHWORK IN EXCAVATION FOR FOUNDATION TRENCHES
• Earth is excavated for foundation trenches to the exact width and depth of
foundation with vertical sides and bottom levelled both longitudinally and
transversally.

• The quantity of earthwork (mᶟ) = Length × Width × Height


EARTHWORK IN FILLING
• For Foundation Filling:
 For low rate of earth filling the quantity is usually taken as 1/5th of the
volume of earthwork in excavation.

 For high rate due to carried earth for accuracy, then


The quantity of earthwork (mᶟ) = Volume of work in excavation –
volume of work in foundation
• Plinth Filling:
 The internal length and breadth of a room or verandah between the
plinth walls and multiplied by depth of filling.

 The depth of filling is taken from the ground level up to the bottom of
floor structure
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BRICK FLAT SOLING
• The soiling is worked out in m2, multiplying the length and width of the
trench.
• For lean concrete soling the volume is calculate in cu-m by multiplying
the thickness of the concrete by multiplying the thickness of concrete with
length and width.

CEMENT OR LIME CONCRETE IN FOUNDATION

• The volume of concrete (mᶟ) = Length × Width × Depth


• Dimensions of length and width of concrete remain the same as that of
earthwork
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MASONARY WORK IN FOUNDATION & PLINTH

• The volume of different offsets or layers and plinth wall are calculated in
cu-m by multiplying their individual length, width and height.
• As there is no opening in the wall up to plinth no deduction is required.

DAMP PROOF COURSE (DPC)

• This is usually a layer of cement concrete mixture in 1:2:4 mixed with water
proofing compound laid in between plinth and superstructure wall to prevent
rise of water by capillary action from ground.
• To prevent excessive damp effectively a layer of cement concrete (1:1.5:3) 4
cm in thickness painted with two coats of hot bitumen is used.

• The quantities are calculated is sq-m. The length is the length of wall, the
width is consider as thickness of superstructure wall.

• After calculating the total area, deduction is done for door opening, window
opening and any other opening whose bottom level starts from the plinth level
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MASONARY WORK IN SUPERSTRUCTURE
• The wall should be considered solid first (without openings) and the
volume of brick work (mᶟ) = Length × Width × Height

• After calculation, volume of openings should be deducted.

RCC OR REINFORCED BRICK WORK

• The quantity of RCC and RB (mᶟ) = Length × Width × Depth (including


reinforcements)
• The volume of reinforcement should not be deducted from the volume
concrete

• The quantities of reinforcement is found separately by separate item in


estimate
CENTERING AND SHUTTERING (FORMWORK) 33

• The cost of formwork is about 30% of cement concrete

• Unless otherwise specified formwork is measured separately in


m2.
• The measurement is taken as the actual surface in contact with
concrete or any other material required frame work.

STEEL WORK
• It is measured by weight in quintal.

• No separate payment is made for binding wire

• The weight of reinforcement may be calculated from the percentage volume


in RCC such as 0.8% to 1% reinforcement for different member.

• The volume of reinforcement in cu-m = vol of the member in cu-m × 1/100

• Weight of steel (quintals) = volume of reinforcement × 78.5


LIME TERRACING 34

• It is calculated in sq-m by multiplying length × width.

• The clear space between parapets is measured

• The average consolidated thickness is determined throughout


the terrace.
WOODWORK FOR DOOR & WINDOWS
• The quantity of frame is measure in cu-m

• If door is not provided with sill, then length of doors is two jambs + one head

• If there is horn projection at two sides of header then they should also be added

• If vertical members is extended to the floor then they should also be added.

• Clamps for fixing frames should be added separately

• The quantity of shutter is measure in sq-m

• If there is any clearance between the frame and shutter, it should be deducted

• The fittings, bolts and handles should be measured in numbers


MILD STEEL CLAMP OR HOLD FAST 35

• They are counted by the number in estimate (total 6 no of clamps).

• The size and type of the clamp is stated in the description

• The item may also be paid in kg after measuring the weight of one such members

• This item includes fitting and fixing with cement concrete

• Cost of cement concrete may be included or paid separately

WHITE WASHING & COLOUR WASHING

• The quantity should be calculated in sq-m

• The number of coats shall be stated in the item

• Deduction for openings shall be made as per plastering


FLOORING 36

Flooring for ground floor:

• Ground floor means floor on plinth

• The floor consisting of two parts


1. 7.5 cm thick lime or cement concrete over brick soling
2. 20-35 mm thick artificial stone topping with coloured pigment

• The base and top both are calculated in sq-m

• Area of top is inside dimension between walls which is higher than base

First Floor or Subsequent Top Floors:

• The flooring is done on the roof of the lower story, so the flooring requires
only the top part.

• To make a finished top of the roof surface a layer of 25mm to 40 mm thick


cement concrete (1:2:4) with 5 mm stone chips are provided in case of
artificial stone flooring

• The quantities are measured in sq-m


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