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Salesman Program

The document contains a Python implementation of the Traveling Salesman Problem using Dynamic Programming, specifically the Held-Karp Algorithm. It defines a function that calculates the minimum tour cost and optimal path based on a given adjacency matrix representing distances between cities. An example graph is provided, and the results are printed, showing the minimum cost and optimal tour path.

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15 views2 pages

Salesman Program

The document contains a Python implementation of the Traveling Salesman Problem using Dynamic Programming, specifically the Held-Karp Algorithm. It defines a function that calculates the minimum tour cost and optimal path based on a given adjacency matrix representing distances between cities. An example graph is provided, and the results are printed, showing the minimum cost and optimal tour path.

Uploaded by

nagalallig
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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import sys

def tsp_dp(graph):
"""
Solves the Traveling Salesman Problem using Dynamic Programming (Held-Karp Algorithm).
:param graph: 2D list (adjacency matrix) representing distances between cities.
:return: Tuple (minimum tour cost, optimal tour path).
"""
n = len(graph)
memo = {}
parent = {} # Dictionary to store the best path choices

def tsp(mask, pos):


"""
Recursive function with memoization.
:param mask: Binary mask representing visited cities.
:param pos: Current city index.
:return: Minimum tour cost starting from pos and visiting all unvisited cities.
"""
if mask == (1 << n) - 1: # All cities visited
return graph[pos][0] # Return to starting city

if (mask, pos) in memo: # Memoization check


return memo[(mask, pos)]

min_cost = sys.maxsize
best_city = -1

for city in range(n):


if mask & (1 << city) == 0: # If city is not visited
new_mask = mask | (1 << city)
new_cost = graph[pos][city] + tsp(new_mask, city)

if new_cost < min_cost:


min_cost = new_cost
best_city = city

memo[(mask, pos)] = min_cost


parent[(mask, pos)] = best_city # Store the best next city choice
return min_cost

# Solve the problem


min_cost = tsp(1, 0)

# Retrieve the optimal path


path = [0] # Start at city 0
mask = 1
pos = 0

while len(path) < n:


next_city = parent[(mask, pos)]
path.append(next_city)
mask |= (1 << next_city)
pos = next_city

path.append(0) # Return to the starting city

return min_cost, path

# Example Graph (Adjacency Matrix)


graph = [
[0, 10, 15, 20],
[10, 0, 35, 25],
[15, 35, 0, 30],
[20, 25, 30, 0]
]

# Solve TSP
min_cost, optimal_path = tsp_dp(graph)

# Output results

print("Minimum cost of traveling salesman tour:", min_cost)


print("Optimal tour path:", " -> ".join(map(str, optimal_path)))
# Output results
print("Minimum cost of traveling salesman tour:", min_cost)
print("Optimal tour path:", " -> ".join(map(str, optimal_path)))

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