Dt : 14/9/2022

*imp

Iterative Statements:

=>The statements which are used to execute some selected

lines of program repeatedly are known as Iterative

Statements.

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=>The following are some important iterative statements

from Java:

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(a)while loop

(b)do-while loop
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(c)for loop

(a)while loop:
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=>In while looping structure the condition is checked

first and then the loop body is executed,this process is

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repeated until the condition is false.

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syntax:

while(condition)
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//loop_body

Flowchart:
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-----------------------------------------------------

(b)do-while loop:
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=>In do-while loop the loop body is executed first

and then the condition checked,this process is repeated

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until the condition is false.
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syntax:

do
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//loop_body
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while(condition);

Flowchart:
 i
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Note:
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=>In realtime do-while loop is less used when compared

to while loop,because in do-while loop the execution

time is wasted in executing loop_body for false condition.

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-----------------------------------------------------

(c)for loop:
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=>for-loop is more simple in representation when

compared to while and do-while loops,because the

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initialization,condition and Incre/decre declared in the

same line
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syntax:

for(Initialization;Condition;Incre/Decre)

//loop_body
}

Flowchart:

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=======================================================
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Ex-Program:

wap to read a String and display in reverse?

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DemoString2.java
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package maccess;
import java.util.*;
public class DemoString2 {
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public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter the String:");
String str = s.nextLine();
int len = str.length();
System.out.println("====display in forward based on
index===");
for(int i=0;i<=len-1;i++)
{
char ch = str.charAt(i);//get character by index
 System.out.print(ch+" ");
}
System.out.println("\n====Display in reverse=====");
for(int i=len-1;i>=0;i--)
{
char ch = str.charAt(i);
System.out.print(ch+" ");
}
s.close();
}
}

i
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o/p:

Enter the String:

ipa
java language programming

====display in forward based on index===

Ma
java language programming

====Display in reverse=====

gnimmargorp egaugnal avaj

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==================================================
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Assignment:

wap to read a String and check the String is palindrome

String or not?
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Note:

=>The reverse of String is equal to the given String is

known as Palindrome String.

======================================================

faq:

define ASCII Codes?

=>ASCII stands for 'American Standard Code for Information

Interchange', and which is unique code generated for every

character entered from the keyboard.

ASCII codes for UpperCase letters : 65 to 90

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ASCII codes for LowerCase letters : 97 to 122

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ASCII codes for Numbers( 0 to 9) : 48 to 57

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Ex : DemoASCII.java

package maccess;
public class DemoASCII {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("====UpperCase letters====");
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for(int i=65;i<=90;i++)
{
char ch = (char)i;//TypeCasting-ASCII(int) to char
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System.out.print(ch+" ");
}//end of loop
System.out.println("\n====LowerCase letters====");
for(int i=97;i<=122;i++)
{
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char ch = (char)i;//TypeCasting-ASCII(int) to char

System.out.print(ch+" ");
}//end of loop
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System.out.println("\n====Numbers(0 - 9)====");
for(int i=48;i<=57;i++)
{
char ch = (char)i;//TypeCasting-ASCII(int) to char
System.out.print(ch+" ");
}//end of loop
}
}
o/p:

====UpperCase letters====

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

====LowerCase letters====

abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

====Numbers(0 - 9)====

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0123456789

====================================================

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Assignment:(Soulution)

wap to retrieve character based on index value and check

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character is Vowel or Consonent or others?

DemoString3.java
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package maccess;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class DemoString3 {
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public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter the String:");
String str = s.nextLine();
int len = str.length();
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System.out.println("Enter the index to retrieve char:");

int index = s.nextInt();
if(index>=0 && index<=len-1)
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{
char ch = str.charAt(index);
int k = (int)ch;//TypeCasting-char to ASCII(int)
if((k>=65 && k<=90) || (k>=97 && k<=122))
{
switch(ch)
{
case 'a':
case 'A':
System.out.println("char : "+ch);
 System.out.println("Vowel...");
break;
case 'e':
case 'E':
System.out.println("char : "+ch);
System.out.println("Vowel...");
break;
case 'i':
case 'I':
System.out.println("char : "+ch);
System.out.println("Vowel...");

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break;

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case 'o':
case 'O':
System.out.println("char : "+ch);
System.out.println("Vowel...");

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break;
case 'u':
case 'U':
Ma System.out.println("char : "+ch);
System.out.println("Vowel...");
break;
default:
System.out.println("char : "+ch);
System.out.println("Consonent...");
}//end of switch
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}//end of if
else
{
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System.out.println("char : "+ch);
System.out.println("Others...");
}
}//end of if
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else
{
System.out.println("Invalid index...");
}
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s.close();
}

o/p:

Enter the String:

java

Enter the index to retrieve char:

char : j

Consonent...

===================================================

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