CREDENCE IT PROFESSIONAL

TRAINING INSTITUTE, PUNE

Contents
1) Numeric Data Types ............................................................................................................................ 1
i. NUMBER ............................................................................................................................................. 1
ii. FLOAT................................................................................................................................................... 1
iii. INTEGER .............................................................................................................................................. 2
2) Character Data Types .......................................................................................................................... 2
i. CHAR .................................................................................................................................................... 2
ii. VARCHAR2 ......................................................................................................................................... 3
3) Date/Time Data Types ........................................................................................................................ 4
i. DATE ..................................................................................................................................................... 4
ii. TIMESTAMP ....................................................................................................................................... 4

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TRAINING INSTITUTE, PUNE

1) Numeric Data Types

i. NUMBER
• Explanation: A flexible data type for integers or decimals with user-defined
precision and scale.

• Length: Up to 38 digits.

• Examples:
I. NUMBER – Basic number with maximum precision.
II. NUMBER(10) – Number with 10 digits of precision.
III. NUMBER(10, 2) – Number with 10 digits total, 2 after the decimal.
IV. NUMBER(5, 0) – Number with 3 digits and no decimals.

ii. FLOAT
• Explanation: Stores numeric data with floating-point precision.

• Length: Up to 38 digits.

• Examples:

I. FLOAT – Basic floating-point number.

II. FLOAT(5) – Floating-point number with precision of 5 digits.

III. FLOAT(10) – Floating-point number with precision of 10 digits.

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 CREDENCE IT PROFESSIONAL
TRAINING INSTITUTE, PUNE

iii. INTEGER
• Explanation: A whole number with no fractional or decimal part, INTEGER is a
subtype of NUMBER with precision 0 (no decimals).

• Length: Up to 38 digits.

• Examples:

I. INTEGER, INT: Integer with up to 38 digits.

II. INTEGER(5) – Integer with up to 5 digits.

2) Character Data Types

i. CHAR
• Explanation:

o Always stores the specified number of characters.

o If the input is shorter than the specified length, it pads the remaining
space with blanks (spaces).

• Use: Codes like country abbreviations or phone number or Zip code.

• Length: 1 to 2000 characters.

• Examples:

o CHAR(2000) – Fixed-length character field of 2000 characters

o CHAR(5) – Fixed-length character field of 5 characters

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 CREDENCE IT PROFESSIONAL
TRAINING INSTITUTE, PUNE

ii. VARCHAR2
• Explanation:

o Stores variable-length character strings.

o Uses only as much space as needed for the data.

o Does not pad extra spaces, saves storage space.

• Use: Names, addresses, descriptions.

• Length: 1 to 2000 characters.

• Examples:

o VARCHAR2(2000) – Variable-length character field up to 2000 characters

o VARCHAR2(5) – Variable-length character field up to 5 characters

Aspect VARCHAR VARCHAR2

Stores variable-length Stores variable-length
Purpose
character data. character data.

May behave differently in

Stable; no future changes
Future Changes the future (reserved for
planned.
changes).

Not recommended for Recommended for use in

Recommendation
use in applications. applications.

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Rarely used due to Widely used and

Differences in Use
uncertainty. supported.

3) Date/Time Data Types

i. DATE
• Explanation: Stores date and time.

• Examples:

o DATE – Standard date without time zone.

o 2024-12-25 10:00:00.

ii. TIMESTAMP
• Explanation: Date and time with fractional seconds.

• Examples: 2024-12-25 10:00:00.123.

o TIMESTAMP – Basic timestamp without constraints.

o TIMESTAMP(3) – Timestamp with milliseconds precision.

o TIMESTAMP(6) – High precision timestamp (microseconds).

o TIMESTAMP(9) – Nanosecond precision.

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