CREDENCE IT PROFESSIONAL
TRAINING INSTITUTE, PUNE
Contents
1) Numeric Data Types ............................................................................................................................ 1
i. NUMBER ............................................................................................................................................. 1
ii. FLOAT................................................................................................................................................... 1
iii. INTEGER .............................................................................................................................................. 2
2) Character Data Types .......................................................................................................................... 2
i. CHAR .................................................................................................................................................... 2
ii. VARCHAR2 ......................................................................................................................................... 3
3) Date/Time Data Types ........................................................................................................................ 4
i. DATE ..................................................................................................................................................... 4
ii. TIMESTAMP ....................................................................................................................................... 4
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CREDENCE IT PROFESSIONAL
TRAINING INSTITUTE, PUNE
1) Numeric Data Types
i. NUMBER
• Explanation: A flexible data type for integers or decimals with user-defined
precision and scale.
• Length: Up to 38 digits.
• Examples:
I. NUMBER – Basic number with maximum precision.
II. NUMBER(10) – Number with 10 digits of precision.
III. NUMBER(10, 2) – Number with 10 digits total, 2 after the decimal.
IV. NUMBER(5, 0) – Number with 3 digits and no decimals.
ii. FLOAT
• Explanation: Stores numeric data with floating-point precision.
• Length: Up to 38 digits.
• Examples:
I. FLOAT – Basic floating-point number.
II. FLOAT(5) – Floating-point number with precision of 5 digits.
III. FLOAT(10) – Floating-point number with precision of 10 digits.
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TRAINING INSTITUTE, PUNE
iii. INTEGER
• Explanation: A whole number with no fractional or decimal part, INTEGER is a
subtype of NUMBER with precision 0 (no decimals).
• Length: Up to 38 digits.
• Examples:
I. INTEGER, INT: Integer with up to 38 digits.
II. INTEGER(5) – Integer with up to 5 digits.
2) Character Data Types
i. CHAR
• Explanation:
o Always stores the specified number of characters.
o If the input is shorter than the specified length, it pads the remaining
space with blanks (spaces).
• Use: Codes like country abbreviations or phone number or Zip code.
• Length: 1 to 2000 characters.
• Examples:
o CHAR(2000) – Fixed-length character field of 2000 characters
o CHAR(5) – Fixed-length character field of 5 characters
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CREDENCE IT PROFESSIONAL
TRAINING INSTITUTE, PUNE
ii. VARCHAR2
• Explanation:
o Stores variable-length character strings.
o Uses only as much space as needed for the data.
o Does not pad extra spaces, saves storage space.
• Use: Names, addresses, descriptions.
• Length: 1 to 2000 characters.
• Examples:
o VARCHAR2(2000) – Variable-length character field up to 2000 characters
o VARCHAR2(5) – Variable-length character field up to 5 characters
Aspect VARCHAR VARCHAR2
Stores variable-length Stores variable-length
Purpose
character data. character data.
May behave differently in
Stable; no future changes
Future Changes the future (reserved for
planned.
changes).
Not recommended for Recommended for use in
Recommendation
use in applications. applications.
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TRAINING INSTITUTE, PUNE
Rarely used due to Widely used and
Differences in Use
uncertainty. supported.
3) Date/Time Data Types
i. DATE
• Explanation: Stores date and time.
• Examples:
o DATE – Standard date without time zone.
o 2024-12-25 10:00:00.
ii. TIMESTAMP
• Explanation: Date and time with fractional seconds.
• Examples: 2024-12-25 10:00:00.123.
o TIMESTAMP – Basic timestamp without constraints.
o TIMESTAMP(3) – Timestamp with milliseconds precision.
o TIMESTAMP(6) – High precision timestamp (microseconds).
o TIMESTAMP(9) – Nanosecond precision.
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