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EE 211 Laboratory 3

This document outlines an experiment focused on measuring resistance through both simulation and physical components, divided into two parts: using Multisim for series resistors and measuring carbon resistors with color codes. The objectives include calculating equivalent resistance, determining current and voltage across resistors, and verifying Kirchhoff's laws. Additionally, it discusses the relationship between resistance values obtained from color codes and actual measurements, as well as power dissipation properties of resistors.

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marielcarloy5510
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2 views7 pages

EE 211 Laboratory 3

This document outlines an experiment focused on measuring resistance through both simulation and physical components, divided into two parts: using Multisim for series resistors and measuring carbon resistors with color codes. The objectives include calculating equivalent resistance, determining current and voltage across resistors, and verifying Kirchhoff's laws. Additionally, it discusses the relationship between resistance values obtained from color codes and actual measurements, as well as power dissipation properties of resistors.

Uploaded by

marielcarloy5510
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RESISTORS IN SERIES, COLOR CODES AND POWER RATING

Experiment No. 3

Date Performed:________________
Date Finished :________________

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Introduction

This experiment is about measurement of resistance directly and also through voltage and current
measurement. The experiment has two parts—the first part using Multisim Electronics Workbench, and
the second part through hardware components

PART I: RESISTORS IN SERIES (USING MULTISIM)

Objectives
1. Measure the equivalent resistance of a series circuit
2. Determine current in each resistor
3. Determine voltage across each resistor
4. Determine equivalent resistance
5. Demonstrate Kirchhoff’s voltage law

Materials
One Toolbox
One Analog Trainer
Assorted
Procedure

A. Simulation
1. Draw Figure 1 using the Multisim simulation software. Connect the multimeter as ohmmeter
between ‘a’ and ‘b’. Click the simulate switch to run analysis. Record the measured resistance.
Calculate the total value just by addition and record it.

Req(measured)= Req(calculated)=

Question:

1. How did the measured value compare with the calculated value? Comment.

2. Draw Figure 2. Run the simulation and record the currents and voltages.

Iab Icd Ief Ihi Ijk Vbc Vde Vfg Vgh Vij
3. Based on the equivalent resistance Req calculated in step 1 and value of the voltage source
(V), calculate the source current (Is).

Question:
2. How did the measured current Iab compare with the calculated current (I)?

4. From the measured value of voltages across the resistances, calculate the current. Compare
these calculated values of currents with the measured values of currents.
I I I I Ijk
ab cd ef hi
Measured

Iab=Vbc/R1 Icd=Vde/R2 Ief=Vfg/R3 Ihi=Vgh/R4 Ijk=Vij/R5


Calculated

Question:
3. How do they compare?

5. Calculate the sum of the voltages Vbc, Vde, Vfg, Vgh, Vij
Vbc+ Vde+Vfg+ Vgh+ Vij =

Question: What is the relationship between the supply voltage (Vs) and the sum
obtained? Does it confirm Kirchhoff’s law? Explain.
PART II: RESISTORS, MEASUREMENTS AND COLOR CODES
(HARDWIRED EXPERIMENT)

Objectives
1. Determine the resistance of a selection of carbon resistors by color codes.
2. Compare values obtained with voltage current readings.
3. Observe power dissipation property of carbon resistors.

Materials
One Toolbox
One Analog Trainer
Assorted Resistors

Color Codes
The approximate value of a carbon resistor can be found by four color bands on it. The nine colors in the
sequence are black, brown, red , orange, yellow , green , blue , violet, grey and white. Carbon resistors
may have a fifth band which indicates reliability of the resistor. Figure 3 shows the color code structure.

Example : Brown Red Orange Gold


1 2 103 5% = 12kΩ, ±5%

Procedure

1. Get 5 carbon resistors of the same value as you used in Figure 1. Find the nominal value and
the tolerance of each resistance using the color codes and record in Table 1. Note the relation
between the power rating and the physical size of the resistance.
2. Using the digital multimeter as an ohmmeter , measure and record the resistance of each
resistor.
3. Connect the circuit as shown in Figure 2. Set the source voltage to 12V. Measure all the
voltages and currents and find the values of resistance using ohm’s law i.e R=V/I. Record your
results in Table 1.
Resistor R1 R2 R3 R4 R5

Color Codes

Nominal Value

Tolerance

Ohmmeter Reading

V/I

% deviation from nominal value

Actual value within tolerance

Questions:

1. An electric heater takes 1.48kW from a voltage source of 220V. Find the resistance of the
heater.

2. If the current in a resistor doubles , what happens to the dissipated power? (Assume resistor
operates in the linear region).

3. A 4Ω resistor is needed to be used in circuit where the voltage across the resistor is 3V. If two
4Ω resistor with 1W and 3W power rating are available , which one will you use and why?
4. Consider a resistor with a positive temperature coefficient. The resistor operates at higher
power level than its rating when current of 1A passes through it. The resulting voltage across the
resistor in this case is 20V. If the current is increased to 1.1 A, do you expect the voltage to be :

a. Less than 22V.


b. Equal to 22V.
c. Higher than 22V.

Explain the reason for your expectation.

Any observations or comments


Figure 3. Resistor Color Codes

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