‫ملخصات شركة نابستر‬

‫لإلستشارات العلمية‬
‫‪ 1‬تنويه مهم‬
‫هذا الملف هو أحد موارد شركة نابستر لالستشارات العلمية المرخصة تجاريا‪،‬‬
‫ومخصص للطالب المشتركين فقط‪ُ .‬يمنع نشر أو توزيع هذه المواد دون إذن مسبق‪،‬‬
‫ومن يقوم بنشر الملف يعرض نفسه للمساءلة القانونية وفًق ا للقوانين‬
‫المدنية والتجارية في الكويت والسعودية وباقي الدول‪.‬‬

‫جميع الملخصات والخدمات التعليمية تتطلب اشتراًك ا وجهًدا شخصًي ا‪ ،‬واستخدامها‬

‫دون اشتراك ُيعد غير مشروع وغير محلل‬

‫‪ 2‬طريقة الدراسة‬
‫قبل البدء في دراسة أي مادة‪ُ ،‬يرجى التأكد من مشاهدة فيديو "طريقة دراسة المادة" المتاح في‬
‫بداية صفحة المادة في موقع نابستر‪ .‬مدة الفيديو دقيقتان فقط‪ .‬كما أن األوراق بمفردها لن توفر‬
‫الفائدة الكاملة‪ .‬بعد طباعة الملخصات‪ ،‬من الضروري متابعة شرح الفيديو عىل موقع نابستر ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 3‬أسئلة االختبارات السابقة‬

‫ألي استفسار حول االختبارات السابقة‪ ،‬تفضل بزيارة قسم المراجعة عىل موقع نابستر (الميدتيرم‬
‫أو الفاينل) وستجد أجوبة جميع أسئلة االختبارات السابقة‪ .‬ابدأ دائًم ا بدراسة "دروس الميدتيرم"‬
‫أو "دروس الفاينل" قبل االطالع عىل أسئلة االختبارات السابقة لتجنب مواجهة أسئلة ال تعرف‬
‫إجاباتها‪.‬‬

‫‪ 4‬القروبات الدراسية‬
‫خدمة نابستر توفر نوعين من القروبات لدعم تجربتك التعليمية‪:‬‬
‫قروب الواتس أب‪ :‬قروب عام إلرسال الرسائل المتعلقة بأخبار الجامعة والتحديثات العامة‪.‬‬
‫قروب تيليجرام‪ :‬قروب خاص بالمادة التي اشتركت فيها وُيستخدم لطرح األسئلة‬
‫والمناقشات المتعلقة بالمادة‪.‬‬
‫نوصي باالنضمام إىل القروبين لالستفادة الكاملة من خدماتنا ودعم مسيرتك التعليمية‪.‬‬

‫‪ 5‬تواصل معنا‬
‫إذا كان لديك أي استفسار أو تحتاج إىل مساعدة إضافية‪ُ ،‬يمكنك التواصل مباشرة مع األستاذ‬
‫جابر عبر الواتس أب أو طرح سؤالك بقروب تيليجرام المخصص للمشتركين‪ .‬نحن هنا لدعمك‬
‫ومساعدتك في تحقيق أهدافك التعليمية‪ .‬يمكنك كذلك مشاهدة تعليقات الطلبة بحساب انستغرام‬

‫‪+965-55080885‬‬ ‫‪@DrNapester‬‬ ‫‪www.DrNapester.com‬‬

‫‪DrNapester - New Educational Order‬‬

 00965-55080885 :‫ملخصات جابر الشمري ( نابستر) – واتس اب‬
‫الملخص من غير شرح ال يعطي الطالب الفائدة كاملة – غير محلل من ينشر الملخص او يستخدمه من غير اشتراك‬

B123 - Chapter2
➢ Being Mentored (‫)متكرر من قبل‬
Mentoring means a more experienced person helping you in your job to gain new
knowledge. For example; my manager helps me. By providing Sponsorship, Coaching,
Protection and other ways to help.

Mentoring can be done by one or more person, gain multual interests and trust,
bring your potential, building relationship with you and it’s not neccasary to be your
manager.

To get most benefit from mentoring you have to make monthly meeting, put plan,
share information and discuss how you will apply the new knowledge.

➢ Peer Relationships (‫)متكرر من قبل‬

Peer relationships means Offer mutuality (both parties give and receive) and
development. It gives advantage for both sides. Avaiable where mentoring is not. For
Example: Information sharing between staff

========================= Dr.Napester =========================

B123 – Chapter3
➢ The purposes of assignments
There are two purposes of assisgnments which are assessment and learning. It helps
understanding and evaluating ideas, learn from tutor feedback, expand knowledge
and enhance job. For example: TMA in AOU.

➢ Understanding assignment questions

You will be explained the questions, you have to answer the questions in clear way,
avoid poor answers and focus on the answer area.

• Describe – give a detail. • Criticize – give your judgment.

• Explain – provide reasons for something. • Compare – look for similarities and differences.
• Illustrate – Illuminate using examples. • Contrast – Set options with the aim of showing
• Evaluate – make an appraisal of something. the differences.
• Interpret – expound the meaning of a thing. • Analyze – separate out thing into component
• Discuss – investigate by arguments. parts to identify underlying principles.
• Define – give precise meaning. • Present – how to convey information.

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➢ Tackling assignments and reports
First, Gathering your thoughts by mindmap or brainstorming. Second, think by
relaxing. Third, Pulling your thoughts together by focus on important ideas and
discard less relevant.

The first draft is to organize your ideas, set headings and use action words like
explain or describe. Then convert the structure to report format.

Some writers summarize the writing process as; Start early, clarify the
task,brainstorm,read, consolidate, and think,select,order,draft.

➢ Writing reports
The Purposes of Management reports is to Provide information, make
recommendations about action. For example; drop sales report. Some typical
structures
• A chronological order to show how things happen.
• A statement of problem, analysis of options and recommendations.
• A proposal stating the strengths and weaknesses

There are Features of report like;

1. cover page with a clear title like authors name and the date of production.
2. executive summary like conclusions and recommendations.
3. introduction stating purpose of the report
4. Numbering with references

➢ A template for reports (Not Mentioned)

➢ Plagiarism and how to avoid it

• Acknowledge others like Example ( Bloggs and Bloggs,2003)
• Express it in your own way by using your own words
• Use Quotation marks if using the original words
• Referring to management models

➢ Citing and referencing

• In-text citation and references

B123 – Chapter4
➢ Active listening (‫)متكرر من قبل‬
Active listening means: Giving full attention to the person speaking, be sure that you
have understood, Not doing anything else just listen. It’s important in make
judgements

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Guidelines for active listening by many ways like give attention, ask questions if you
do not understand, don't react or respond in negative ways.

The reasons and importance for using active listening are: To avoid
misunderstandings. To build relationships by giving respect to the other person. To
encourage people to say more. To enable people to become clearer in their opinions.

➢ Communicating assertively (‫)متكرر من قبل‬

Assertive behavior means standing up for yourself, but in ways which respect the
rights of others. It's is useful like Stating your own views, making a request, Refusing
a request.

Assertive is different from aggression ‫ عدوانية‬and evasion ‫تهرب‬. Aggression means

violating the rights of others, For example; fight. Evasion means respecting the rights
of others at the expense of your own, For example; not saying your point of view.

Scripting an assertive response

• Prepare: Clarify your purpose in a positive way.
• Identify the problem and state how you feel and your wants
• Respect the other person

There are Limits to assertiveness like;

1. They take no account of structural and political imbalances in organization. like
being assertive on your manager.
2. Powerful groups may interpret assertion from members of other groups.
3. Assertiveness can ignore collective actions.
4. Some cultures have more respect that others.

➢ Negotiating (‫)متكرر من قبل‬

Negotiating is a way tries to find a win-win solution in which both sides benefit.
• There are 4 things that assist negotiation
1. Separate the people from the problem, don't think about relationships in Negotiating.
2. Focus on interest not positions, to get general interests and of both sides
3. Generate options for mutual gain, There is no one right solution. always search for alternatives
4. Agree criteria for solutions, refers to the the outcome of negotiation should meet.

• Skilled negotiators avoid the following negative behavior:

1. Defense/attack spirals; attacking statements and aggressive defenses are unhelpful.
2. Irritators; don't use Words and phrases which add nothing to the content
3. Argument dilution; don't including too many points or digressions
4. Behavior chains (Question and Summarizes); follow Question and Summarizes in way that not
confusing other people
5. Counter proposal; don't respond immediately, it leads to achieve a little

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• Skilled negotiators demonstrate the following positive behavior:
1. Test understanding and summarize; means everyone understands the things in the same way
2. Flag or signal; Tell people what sort of behavior . Example : Could I ask you
3. Ask lots of questions; deeper understanding of other party, arrive at win- win situation
4. Explain how they feel; Openness helps in making trust and enhances relationship.
5. Review their performance; by identifying strengths and weaknesses of our approach
➢ Giving and receiving feedback (‫)متكرر من قبل‬
Feedback on other people's performance of activities who work with you or for you.

To give positive feedback people should do; Give praise where it is deserved , Be
positive about yourself , Give compliments , Give positive feedback , Say things in a
supportive way , Receiving feedback: feedback is a reach source of learning.
‫ تلقي‬،‫ قل األشياء بطريقة داعمة‬،‫ قدم تعليقات إيجابية‬،‫ امدح‬،‫ كن إيجابيًا تجاه نفسك‬،‫امنح الثناء حيث يستحق‬
.‫ التعليقات هي مصدر سهل الوصول للتعلم‬:‫التعليقات‬

➢ Brainstorming (‫)متكرر من قبل‬

Brainstorming is a way of quickly generating ideas, usually in a group setting. There
are Two principles apply to the process:

1. The separation between being creative and being judgemental

2. Quality breeds Quantity ‫ الجودة تولد الكمية‬means one idea stimulate the other

These are principles lead to four practical rules:

1. No criticism ‫ال تنتقد أي فكرة‬: This rules is very important one and must be no
criticism of an ideas.
2. Freewheel ‫الحرية‬: The expression of ideas must be unexpected
3. The more ideas, the better: More ideas there are, the more likely is that will be
one or more good ones.
4. Hitch-hike: The barnstormers must look for opportunities to build on each other’s
contribution.

Brainstorming A helpful process because it's; Enjoyable and productive, Approach to

proposals and ideas, There should not be any barriers to the process of generation,
Purpose of the session is to generate ideas

➢ Giving presentations
Giving Presentations means communicate, generate ideas, gather valuable feedback.
There are Steps in preparing a presentation

1. Plan: identify the message, main points, how long,…

2. Audience: identify need , arousing interest
3. Teamwork: Agree on how to divide the topic
4. Prepare: information, evidence, examples,..

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B123 – Chapter5
➢ Percentages (2 Topics)

➢ Express a number as percentage of another number

𝐹𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟
Percentage = x 100
𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟

• Example:
A class with 30 students, 18 students are working , what percentage of this group?

➢ Percentage increase or decrease (‫)متكرر من قبل بكل اختبار مهم جدا جدا‬
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒
Percentage (increase/decrease) = x 100
𝑂𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟

• Examples:
Last month's sales of product X were $300,000. This month's sales were $450,000.
What is the increase in percentage? (Write the formula first)

Last month's sales of product X were $6,000. This month's sales were $4,000. What is
the increase or decrease in percentage? (Write the formula first)

Last month's sales of product X were $10,000. This month's sales were $9,000. What
is the increase or decrease in percentage? (Write the formula first)

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B123 – Chapter8
➢ Understanding averages: the three Ms (‫)متكرر من قبل‬

𝑆𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝐴𝐿𝐿
• Mean = ‫= مجموع االعداد تقسيم عددهم‬
𝐻𝑜𝑤 𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑦 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠
• Mode = ‫اكثر عدد يتكرر‬
• Median = ‫العدد اللي يتوسط المجموعة‬

Numbers Mean Median Mode

2 5
4 7 9
5 6 10 12
6 8 9 11 13
8 10 10 11 12 16
1 2 3 3 3 5 5
8 9 11 14 14 16 16 19
1 3 5 7 7 8 9 10 33
5 6 18 20 20 24 30 32 32 38

• Examples:
Consider the following set of numbers: "26, 31, 21, 29, 32, 26, 25, 28"
Please find the Mean, Median, and Mode of this set

Consider the following set of numbers: "5,9,2,11,19,22,12,11,9,20"

Please find the Mean, Median, and Mode of this set

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B123 – Chapter6
➢ Line graphs
A line graph is a showing a relationship between two variables, For example: price
and demand.

➢ Pie charts
A pie chart is showing proportional data in the form of a circle- the pie. Each slice
shows its proportion to the whole. For example; students’ grades

➢ Bar charts
A bar chart is showing frequency distribution. For example; number of staff in each
of the categories in organization

➢ Force-field diagram
A force-field diagram is showing the opposing pressures (or forces) that are bearing
on a situation. For example; supportive and unhelpful factors.

force-field diagram can help if you are presenting an analysis or proposal. the
diagram will enable you to describe the reasons for a change and resistance causes.

➢ Input-Output diagram
An input-output diagram is showing the inputs and outputs of system or operation.
For example: production of products

➢ Systems thinking
Systems thinking means The whole is more than the sum of its parts. Individual parts
of a system are connected together in some way for a purpose. For example:
components are connected to make a car.

There are Five key ideas about systems;

Everything in a system is connected - A system does something - Systems have a
boundary and an environment - The system is defined by your interest - There are
systems and subsystems

➢ System map
System map is showing the boundary of the system and the different subsystems
inside the boundary. It may also show important influences outside the boundary.

In changing a system, we have to draw the existing and the new systems. To
transform the existing system into the new one requires systems interventions.

➢ Multiple-cause diagrams
A multiple-cause diagram is showing the causes and the ways in which they are
connected. For example; bad weather cause high traffics which leads to cancel
university classes

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B123 – Chapter7
➢ Quantitative and qualitative data (‫ – )متكرر من قبل‬types of Data
Quantitative Data: measurable and countable features. For example: Number of
sales
Qualitative Data: in contrast, refer to point of view for features. For example:
Customer’s views on the look of a company’s advertising brochure.

➢ Selecting your sample (‫)متكرر من قبل‬

Sampling is helpful to investigate a sample of a larger population in order to learn
not just about the sample but about the population. For example: sample of students
grades will represent the whole.
Random sampling means random selection. Quota sampling means specific quota

➢ Primary and secondary data (‫)متكرر من قبل‬

Primary Data: Are data that you or the investigator, have collected and which did not
exist before. For example: new data wasn’t exist before in any research.
Secondary Data: Are data that already exist. Once you collect and use your primary
data, then the data will be secondary data for someone else. Example: getting data
from old research and use it.

➢ Surveys and questionnaires (‫)متكرر من قبل‬

It is a technique in which a sample of the population is asked questions about the
issues the investigator is interested in

Uses and Advantages are; (1) Results representative of population as whole. – (2)
Data can be compared against expectations. – (3) Using short and clear questions can
add credibility to your research. – (4) Surveys have low cost per person. – (5)
Telephone surveys usually get a good response rate.

Problems and Limitations are; (1) Response rates to questionnaires are low. - (2) get
answers only to the questions you have asked. - (3) Needs to to analyse the data. -
(4) lack subtlety ‫ الدقة‬-

➢ Interviews (‫)متكرر من قبل‬

Interview is face-to-face method between two or more people for the purpose of
asking questions. It can be formal or informal interview.

Uses and advantages are; (1) good response rate - (2) handling complex issues - (3)
includes more qualitative data. - (4) showing perspectives

Problems and Limitations are; (1) interview cost is high. - (2) analysis cost is high. - (3)
hard to get honest answers. - (4) difficult to analyse without some bias or errors.

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➢ Observing (‫)متكرر من قبل‬
Observing is method to collecting information without any form of intervention.

Uses and advantages are; (1) see things as they are. - (2) shows realities in clear way

Problems and Limitations are; (1) time consuming. - (2) stressful. - (3) observer can
influence events. - (4) subjective.

========================= Dr.Napester =========================

B123 – Chapter9
➢ Your personal marketing plan – [Managing your career for future advancement]
(‫)متكرر من قبل‬
Personal marketing plan or career development means adopting a realistic view of
yourself as the supplier of a service for which you need to find customers. These
customers may be internal within your own organisation, or external outside your
organisations.

You need to evaluating your abilities, identify any gaps in your education and
experience and make decisions about your future. Evaluating your abilities can be
done in three ways;

1. First, Gathering information. It can be from last report, performance appraisal,

academic qualifications and feedback.

2. Second,Non work experiences. It can be from Social life, skills and knowledge.

3. Third, Identifying Strengths and weaknesses. You can make a list of strengths and
weaknesses based on the above sources of information.

After completing the above research you should be able to identify; Talents,
Knowledge and skills.
1. Talents : Natural abilities you are good at, For example; calculating numbers
without calculator.
2. Knowledge : book,computing, languages.
3. Skills : abilities or expertise that you have acquired by training or experience. For
example; managing money

➢ Getting a new job

Writing your CV - The job search - Making a job application
The interview - Taking stock again - Lifelong learning - Don’t give up

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