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Introduction to Computer (1)

The document provides an overview of computers, defining them as electronic devices that process data into information through programs. It traces the evolution of computers from early mechanical devices like the Abacus and Pascaline to significant developments such as the Analytical Engine and ENIAC, highlighting key inventors and their contributions. The document concludes with the introduction of the Von Neumann architecture, which laid the foundation for modern computing.

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Aparna Samantaray
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13 views

Introduction to Computer (1)

The document provides an overview of computers, defining them as electronic devices that process data into information through programs. It traces the evolution of computers from early mechanical devices like the Abacus and Pascaline to significant developments such as the Analytical Engine and ENIAC, highlighting key inventors and their contributions. The document concludes with the introduction of the Von Neumann architecture, which laid the foundation for modern computing.

Uploaded by

Aparna Samantaray
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

&
EVOLUTION OF COMPUTERS
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
 Computer is an electronic device that accepts data as input, and transforms it under the influence of a set
of special instructions called Programs, to produce the desired output (referred to as Information).

Data Information
Input Output

Process

Take food Add up the Produce the Bill


order separate items
Data and Information

Collection of raw facts Processed data


EVOLUTION OF COMPUTERS

Abacus Pascaline Leibniz calculator Difference engine


(2700-2300BC) (1645) (1671) (1822)

UNIVAC-1 ENIAC ABC Punched card equipment Analytical engine


(1951) (1945) 1939-1942 (1890) (1833)
Abacus

 First mechanical device used for calculations.


 Invented by Mesopotamians between 2700 and 2300BC.
 Consisted of beads and rods divided into 2 parts.
 Was used for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division operation.
Pascaline Leibniz calculator

 Invented by French mathematician Blaise Pascal in 1645.  Invented by German mathematician Gottfried
 Was the first mechanical calculator made up of gears and wheels. Wilhelm Leibniz in 1671.
 Addition and subtraction operation was faster than Abacus.  Improved Pascal’s Adding machine to perform
multiplication and division.
Difference Engine Charles Babbage Analytical Engine

 Invented by Charles Babbage in 1833


 Invented by Charles Babbage, an English Mathematician in
by upgrading the difference Engine.
1822.
 Basis of modern computer.
 Purpose was to calculate the roots of polynomial equations.
 Had five units-Input, Output, Store,
 Could perform calculations and stored the result.
Mill and control.
 He is known as the father of
Computers.
Punched card
Punched card Equipment

 Invented by Herman Hollerith, an American Statistician in 1890.


 Read the holes on punched on the card and performed the operations.
ABC (Atanasoff-Berry Computer) ENIAC(Electronic
Numerical Integrator And
Computer)

 First pure Electronic Computer invented by  Was the first programmable, electronic
physics professor Dr. John Vincent Atanasoff general purpose digital computer.
and his graduate student Clifford Berry between  Designed by John Mouchly and J.Presper
1939 and 1942. Eckert for United states Army completed
 Used Vacuum tubes for data storage and data in 1945.
computation.
Von Neumann Architecture UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic Computer I)

 In 1945 John Von Neumann gave an idea of stored program concept.


 Program and data could be stored in the same internal memory unit.
 On the basis of that principle UNIVAC-1 was developed by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert in
1951.
 Was the first general purpose electronic digital computer designed for business application in united
states.

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