2024 4th Asian Conference on Innovation in Technology (ASIANCON)

Pune, India. Aug 23 - 25, 2024

Development of Women's Safety System Using Iot

and Taser Technology
Kruthika N M Kavipriya S Harshini P B
Department of Electronics and Department of Electronics and Department of Electronics and
2024 4th Asian Conference on Innovation in Technology (ASIANCON) | 979-8-3503-5421-8/24/$31.00 ©2024 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ASIANCON62057.2024.10837901

Communication Communication Communication

Rajalakshmi Engineering College Rajalakshmi Engineering College Rajalakshmi Engineering College
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

H. Heartlin Maria Priyanka Devi

Department of Electronics and Department of Electronics and
Communication Communication
Rajalakshmi Engineering College Rajalakshmi Engineering College
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract — The women safety device is an innovative IoT- threats to women's safety that they encounter. Conventional
based safety system designed to monitor key physiological approaches to safety, like self-defence classes or depending
parameters, such as heartbeat and EEG, and coupled with a on the police, frequently fail to offer women in need of help
panic switch, GSM, GPS, and IoT modules. This system prompt and complete protection. By providing a
provides real-time monitoring of vital signs, enabling swift comprehensive safety solution that enables women to take
detection of distress or emergencies. In the event of abnormal charge of their safety and get prompt assistance when
conditions or manual activation through the panic switch, the needed, Safety device aims to overcome these constraints. To
system triggers immediate alerts via the GSM module to
guarantee smooth connectivity and communication, the
predefined contacts, accompanied by real-time GPS location
system makes use of the capabilities of GSM, GPS, and IoT
tracking. The IoT module facilitates seamless connectivity,
enabling remote monitoring through a centralized platform.
modules. When an emergency arises, the system uses the
The women safety device prioritizes emergency response, user GSM module to immediately notify pre-designated contacts.
privacy, data security, and compliance with regulatory Real-time GPS location tracking is also included to enable
standards. It aims to empower individuals and contribute to a prompt aid and response. Furthermore, the IoT module
safer and more secure environment for women. A GPS-built enables remote monitoring and management through a
women's sanctuary system with dual security elements is centralized platform, enhancing the effectiveness and
proposed to help overcome this issue. A woman can press the efficiency of the safety system.
prepared switch when she is in danger and needs to act to
protect her. When a woman, child, or senior is harassed or in II. RELATED WORKS
distress, the gadget notifies the family and appropriate Monisha, D. G., Monisha, M., Pavithra, G., &
authorities of the woman's current position. An electric shock Subhashini, R. (2016) introduced a security device called
generator incorporated into the panic button on the gadget is a FEMME, designed for women, that can be easily installed on
peculiar feature. In conclusion, the women safety device is a smart phones for emergency assistance [1]. The device
comprehensive solution to ensure the safety and well-being of functions by squeezing the volume key and control button,
women in today society.
showing four basic symbols: sound recorder, SOS message,
Keywords—Women, Panic switch, GSM (Global System for video recorder, and covered camera locator. The device also
Mobile Communication), GPS (Global Positioning System), EEG has two buttons for emergency assistance, one for the crisis
(Electroencephalogram), Security, Monitoring button and the other for covered camera detection. Paradkar,
A., & Sharma, D. (2015) proposed a demonstration including
I. INTRODUCTION auto-accepting call modules; spy camera detection modules,
Women's security and safety are given top priority in the fake call instrument modules, and generate electric stun
Women’s safety system. In the event of abnormal situations, modules to improve security for women [2]. Harikiran, G.
it can be manually activated via the panic switch or it can C., Menasinkai, K., & Shirol, S. (2016) proposed a device to
employ real-time monitoring capabilities to detect distress provide protection, alert victims, and send data to nearby
signals or emergencies. In either case, quick notifications are individuals [3].
sent through the GSM module to specified contacts. For The Savvy Band uses Bluetooth Mobility (BLE) sensors,
prompt assistance, the technology additionally offers movement sensors, and temperature sensors, making it
accurate real-time GPS location tracking. Safety device is a reliable and efficient. It also communicates with family,
symbol of empowerment rather than merely a reaction tool. police, and others. Sanket Chikhale, et.al (2022) “IOT
Through a centralised platform, remote monitoring becomes BASED EMERGENCY BUTTON FOR WOMEN
not only possible but also a reality thanks to the IoT module's SAFETY” [4].This study introduces IoT-based smart home
smooth connectivity. It represents the shared desire for a security systems, like Nest Lab's smoke and carbon
more secure and safe environment for women and goes monoxide alarm, are a growing trend in the security industry.
beyond the boundaries of technology. Safety device was They are constantly connected and communicate using wired
developed because of a thorough study of the difficulties and

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and wireless networks, providing real-time alerts of potential
danger.
The study by Sharad Saxena et al. (2023) presents a
wearable safety device called the Women Safety Gadget
(WSG) based on IoT and Cloud Technology [5]. The device
detects unsafe conditions by detecting a finger pressure on an
artificial nail, diffuses a pepper spray, and notifies the nearest
contacts and police station. The device has a response time of
1000 ms and an activation time of 2.079 s, making it a
potential solution for women's safety. The study by Rajamani
et al. (2022) aims to enhance the security of women in the IT
industry by developing an enhanced wearable strap using IoT Fig. 1. Block diagram of women safety device
technology [6]. The device, which includes sensors,
computing power, and software, uses vibration to keep B. System Architecture
individuals aware and alert. The device uses GPRS and GSM
Neo 6 m to determine location, and a pulse sensor detects the The Arduino UNO was selected for its ability to offer
person's pulse rate. If the vibration does not stop within wireless connectivity, facilitating instant communication
specified time, an emergency alert is sent to predefined between the device and external systems. It comes with built-
contacts on the Arduino board. in Wi-Fi feature that permits data transmission over the
internet or local network. Moreover, the Arduino’ low power
III. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY consumption and cost-effectiveness make it a perfect option
for portable and battery-operated devices. The integration of
A. Problem Definition Arduino includes linking it with other hardware components
Threats to women's physical and mental health include like the GPS module and GSM module. The microcontroller
harassment, assault, and kidnapping are becoming more communicates with these modules using appropriate
prevalent. The frequency of these crimes is still on the rise, protocols such as Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) or
despite developments, thus creative safety measures are Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter (UART) to
required. Women's vulnerability in public and private areas is ensure smooth data exchange and synchronization.
further exacerbated by societal norms and cultural
considerations. The development of Internet of Things (IoT)-
based safety devices and systems is imperative due to the
major gap in the provision of suitable protection and support
mechanisms for women. These gadgets provide real-time
communication, monitoring, and intervention features to
reduce dangers and guarantee women's and children's safety
and security in a variety of settings. The complexity and
urgency of women's safety challenges, as well as the need for
technical interventions, are highlighted in this problem
statement.
The Existing system presents a safety gadget for women
using a NodeMCU microcontroller for research. The device
uses Internet of Things communication to send alerts to
secure channels, with a distress algorithm. An IoT platform
called Thing Speak allows for continuous monitoring of
health data every 30 seconds. However, drawbacks include a Fig. 2. Prototype of women safety system
lack of defined threshold values for the distress algorithm,
lack of detailed false alert management, unclear data usage The placement of the heartbeat rate sensor and EEG
and privacy, and overlooking user interface and accessibility within the device is strategic for monitoring the user's
aspects, especially in emergency situations. heartbeat and detecting sudden changes. It can recognize
potential dangers like physical attacks or falls. Upon
Our Safety system is a contemporary remedy created to detecting a threatening movement or impact, the device
safeguard the security and well-being of women is the activates the emergency alert system, triggering the GPS
women safety gadget. It recognises emergencies and module to transmit the location coordinates. Simultaneously,
provides real-time GPS location tracking, beginning when the taser system is also activated for immediate self-defence.
sensor readings above threshold values. It does this by The GPS module plays a vital role in obtaining precise real-
utilising sophisticated IoT technologies, such as panic time location information. It continuously tracks the user's
buttons, heartbeat sensors, EEG monitors, GSM, GPS and position using satellite signals, enabling emergency
IoT modules. An Additional switch on the gadget can be used responders or contacts to accurately locate the user in distress
to manually sound an alert in an emergency. The system situations. The GPS data is processed, combined with other
places a high priority on user privacy, emergency response, relevant details, and then transmitted via the GSM module.
and regulatory compliance, empowering women to take
charge of their own safety. The gadget provides customers This device has a panic button that allows the user to
with proactive safety measures, prompt GSM notifications, manually trigger the safety mechanism whenever they feel in
IoT integration for remote monitoring, and immediate danger. According to Fig. 3, as soon as someone presses the
alarms. panic button, the taser, GPS, and GSM modules are all

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initialised, and the locations are gathered and forwarded to
the emergency contacts. Our safety system also includes an
electroencephalogram (EEG) sensor and a heartbeat sensor to
increase safety and provide non-manual device initiation.

Fig. 4. Working of heart beat sensor

The EEG sensor in Fig. 5. detects electrical waves in the

brain and compares them to the threshold value. An
emergency alert indicating an abnormal EEG rate is sent to
the person's emergency contact and an electric shock
generator is also initiated if the EEG sensed value is more
than 3 volts.
Fig. 3. Flowchart of panic button mechanism

To turn on a heartbeat sensor, power the board from a 3-

5.5V source and pull the Enable (EN) pin high. Next, lightly
press the tip of your forefinger against the sensor's face.
Avoid applying excessive pressure to the sensor with your
finger and keep it still. The LED will begin to blink in time
with your heartbeat after a few seconds of the circuit
stabilising. To measure the heart rate in beats per minute
(BPM), you can feed the output signal to the
microcontroller's digital I/O or ADC input pin. This sensor
determines whether a person's heart rate has risen or fallen
below a predetermined threshold value for about 60 seconds
as specified in the Arduino UNO. The position of the user is
then gathered and relayed to their designated contacts using
the GPS and GSM modules. The shock generator is turned
on at the same time as this process
The sensor detects a person's heartbeat and compares it to
the threshold values, as seen in Fig. 4. It signals an
emergency with the message "low heart beat" if the pulse
rate is between 10 and 20 beats per minute. An emergency
alert indicating a high heart rate is sent if the detected pulse
rate is greater than or equal to 80 beats per minute.
Fig. 5. Working of EEG sensor
Electroencephalogram (EEG) sensors require conductive
gel to make low-impedance electrical contact with the skin. Working procedure: This device enables the user to
We provide a gel-free, non-contact EEG sensor that connects activate it both manually and automatically.
to the skin capacitively using an on-board electrode. The
device consists of a headset, an ear clip, and a sensor arm. Step 1: Get going.
The reference and ground electrodes of the headset are on the
ear clip, while the EEG electrode is on the sensor arm, Step 2: Turn on the power supply
positioned on the forehead above the eye (FP1 position). Step 3: Press the emergency button.
Using a single AAA battery, it can run for eight hours.

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Step 4: If GPS picks up a signal, it will begin determining
the victim's current latitude and longitude and use the GSM
module to send an SMS to the registered mobile number.
Step 5: The device obtains the most recent location from
GPS and transmits it to the GSM module if either a high or
low heart rate is detected.
Step 6: The device obtains the last location from GPS and
transmits it to the GSM module if an abnormal EEG rate is
detected.
Step 7: The victim's last location is tracked by an IoT
module, and the webpage is updated with that information.
Step 8: Turn on the Taser system to stun the assailant.
Fig. 8. Sensing of pulse rate using heart rate sensor
Step 9: Come to an end.
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The primary aim of this project is to provide a
comprehensive solution for ensuring the safety and well-
being of women today, leveraging IoT technology to monitor
key physiological parameters and facilitate swift response in
emergency situations. The project has been tested and the
results have been attached below. Fig. 9. Low heart beat alert message

Fig. 10. High heart beat alert message

Whenever a low heartbeat or high heartbeat is detected

(whose threshold has been defined in the module) it records
the reading and sends the message to the emergency contacts
that has been saved earlier in our system as shown in Fig. 9.
and Fig. 10. Along with this, the user's location consisting the
longitude and latitude is sent to the emergency contacts
Fig. 6. Initialization of GSM immediately using the GPS and GSM module as show in
Once the device has been set up, GSM will be initialized Fig. 11.
and the display of the system will be as shown as in Fig. 6.
and Fig. 7.

Fig. 7. LCD display of the system Fig. 11. GPS and GSM module

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 Similarly, whenever it detects an abnormal EEG (whose system that goes beyond simple monitoring by carefully
threshold has been defined in the module) or when the panic combining a variety of state-of-the-art components, including
button is pushed, an alert message consisting of the user’s ESP8266, Arduino Uno, heart rate sensor, EEG sensor, GSM,
location is send to the predefined emergency contacts with GPS, and Taser System.
the help of GPS and GSM module as shown in the Fig. 12.
and Fig. 13. x It guarantees prompt reaction in emergency
scenarios by monitoring vital signs in real-time.
TABLE I. x Sends out instant notifications within seconds in
Preference Sensor Location SMS Taser response to abnormal conditions or manual
Detection activation intervention via the panic button.
Proposed System with Yes Yes Yes Yes
EEG and Heart Beat x Users are empowered with proactive safety measures
sensor No Yes Yes No and their trust is increased by the system's
[1] Using Mobile centralised platform and seamless connection, which
Application Yes Yes Yes No
[2] Using Finger
allow for 24/7 remote monitoring.
Pressure x It sends health related data which is almost 95%
accurate.
Furthermore, it places a high priority on user privacy,
data security, and regulatory compliance, demonstrating its
dedication to protecting people in all respects. It exemplifies
development, empathy, and empowerment by representing
the shared desire for a more secure and safe environment for
women and is essentially a symbol of empowerment that
goes beyond the boundaries of technology, providing not just
a safety answer but also a hope for a safer and better future
for women everywhere.
Fig. 12. Abnormal EEG alert message
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