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Introduction to Programming

Lecture 8, PYTHON – FLOW CONTROL

(Conditional or Decision-making statements)

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PYTHON – FLOW CONTROL STATEMENTS - if
Lecture Goals
1. Flow control 4. Sequential statements
2. Types of the execution 5. Conditional or Decision-making
2.1 Sequential statements
2.2 Conditional 5.1 if statement
2.3 Looping
5.2 if else statement
3. Indentation
5.3 if elif else statement
1. IndentationError
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1. Flow control
The order of statements execution is called as flow of control.

2. Types of the execution

Based on requirement the programs statements can executes in different ways
like sequentially, conditionally and repeatedly etc.
In any programming language, statements will be executed mainly in three
ways,
o Sequential execution.
o Conditional execution.
o Looping execution.
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Types of the execution

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Types of the execution
2.1 Sequential
Statements execute from top to bottom, means one by one sequentially.
By using sequential statement, we can develop only simple programs.
2.2 Conditional
Based on conditions, statements used to execute.
Conditional statements are useful to develop better and complex programs.
2.3 Looping
Based on conditions, statements used to execute randomly and repeatedly.
Looping execution is useful to develop better and complex programs.

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3. Indentation
Python uses indentation to indicate a block of code.
Indentation refers to adding white space before a statement to a
particular block of code.
Python uses 4 spaces as indentation by default.
oHowever, the number of spaces is up to you, but a minimum of 1
space has to be used.

1. IndentationError
If we didn’t follow the proper indentation then we will get error as

IndentationError: expected an indented block

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4. Sequential statements

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Sequential statements Control Flow

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5. Conditional or Decision-making statements

5.1 if statement
syntax
if condition (or boolean expression):
if block statements

out of if block statements

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if statement

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if statement

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if statement

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if statement

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if statement
if is a keyword in python
if statement contains an guard expression/condition/value.
As per the syntax colon (:) is mandatory otherwise it throws syntax error.
After if statement we need to follow indentation otherwise it throws
IndentationError.
Condition gives the result as a bool type, means either True or False.

If the condition result is True, then if block statements will be executed
If the condition result is False, then if block statements won’t execute.
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if statement execution path

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if statement example - 1

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if statement example - 2

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5.2. if else statement
syntax
if condition:
if block statements1
else:
else block statements2
if and else are keywords in python
if statement contains an expression/condition.
As per the syntax colon (:) is mandatory otherwise it throws syntax error.
After if and else statements we need to follow indentation otherwise it throws
IndentationError.
Condition gives the result as bool type, means either True or False
If the condition result is True, then if block statements will be executed
If the condition result is False, then else block statements will be executed.
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if else statement

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if else statement

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if else statement

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if else statement execution path

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if else statement execution path

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if else example - 1

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if else example - 2

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5.3 if elif else statement
Syntax

if condition1:
if block statements
elif condition2:
elif block1statements
elif condition3:
elif block2statements
else:
else block statements

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if elif else statement

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1312 / 121 CCS-3
Introduction to Programming

Questions?
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