@MEDichondria

Disclaimer:

Programs related to the questions of the admission tests for the master's degree
courses in Medicine and Surgery (LM-41), and Dentistry and Dental Prosthetics (LM-
46) in English For admission to the courses, the abilities to understand and analyze
various types of written texts, to conduct logical-mathematical reasoning, as well as
knowledge of general culture, especially with regard to the historical, geographical,
social, and institutional fields and disciplines in mathematics, chemistry, physics, and
biology are required. The required skills and knowledge are based on the preparation
promoted by educational institutions that organize educational and teaching activities
consistent with the National Guidelines for high schools and the Guidelines for
technical institutes and professional institutes, especially in view of the State Exams.

1. Reading Skills and Acquired Knowledge

a. Ability to understand written texts in English of various natures and with

different communicative purposes is a cross-disciplinary skill, since all
types of questions will be formulated in English, also using symbolic
language.
b. Specific verification will also be carried out on the following abilities:
i. Understanding abstract, uncommon, or specialized vocabulary in
real contexts.
ii. Identifying phenomena of textual cohesion and coherence.
iii. Extracting and inferring specific information from the text.
c. These skills will be verified based on short texts of scientific essays or
classical and contemporary narrative, or from current news published in
newspapers and general or specialized magazines.
d. From short texts of various types and themes, the skills acquired in
previous studies and knowledge of general culture, including
supranational scope or topics of contemporary public debate, will also be
verified.
e. Questions will particularly aim to ascertain:
i. The ability to orient oneself in the space and time represented, or
to place historical-cultural phenomena in space and time.
ii. Knowledge of the main national and international institutions.
iii. Understanding of phenomena related to the legal, economic, and
citizenship fields.

2. Logical Reasoning and Problems

Questions are aimed at testing the ability to logically complete a

reasoning, consistent with the premises. These premises are stated in
symbolic or verbal form and focus on cases or problems, including
abstract ones, whose solution requires adopting different forms of logical
reasoning.
 @MEDichondria

3. Biology

a. The chemistry of living beings.

b. The biological importance of weak interactions.
c. Organic molecules present in organisms and their functions. The role
of enzymes.
d. The cell as the basis of life. Cell theory. Cellular dimensions.
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, animal and plant cells. Viruses.
e. Cell membrane: structure and functions; transport across the
membrane.
f. Cell structures and their specific functions.
g. Cell cycle and cell reproduction: mitosis and meiosis - chromosomal
equipment and chromosomal maps.
h. Reproduction and heredity. Life cycles. Sexual and asexual
reproduction.
i. Mendelian genetics: Mendel's laws and their applications.
j. Classical genetics: chromosomal theory of inheritance - patterns of
inheritance.
k. Molecular genetics: structure and duplication of DNA, the genetic
code, protein synthesis. DNA of prokaryotes. The structure of the
eukaryotic chromosome. Genes and the regulation of gene
expression.
l. Human genetics: transmission of monofactorial and polyfactorial
traits; autosomal and X-linked hereditary diseases.
m. Mutations. Natural and artificial selection. Evolutionary theories.
Genetic bases of evolution. Heredity and environment.
n. Biotechnologies: recombinant DNA technology and its applications.
o. Anatomy and physiology of animals and humans. Animal tissues.
Anatomy and physiology of systems and organs in humans and their
interactions. Homeostasis.
p. Bioenergetics. The cellular energy currency: ATP. Redox reactions in
living beings. Energy processes: photosynthesis, glycolysis, aerobic
respiration, and fermentation.
 @MEDichondria

4. Chemistry

a. Constitution of matter: states of aggregation of matter; heterogeneous

and homogeneous systems; compounds and elements.
b. Laws of perfect gases.
c. Structure of the atom: elementary particles; atomic number and mass
number, isotopes, electronic structure of atoms of various elements.
d. Periodic table of elements: groups and periods; transition elements.
e. Periodic properties of elements: atomic radius, ionization potential,
electron affinity, metallic character. Relations between electronic
structure, position in the periodic table, and properties of elements.
f. Chemical bond: ionic, covalent, and metallic bond. Bond energy. Polarity
of bonds. Electronegativity. Intermolecular bonds.
g. Fundamentals of inorganic chemistry: nomenclature and main properties
of inorganic compounds: oxides, hydroxides, acids, salts.
h. Chemical reactions and stoichiometry: atomic and molecular mass,
Avogadro's number, concept of mole and its application, elementary
stoichiometric calculations, balancing of simple reactions, different types
of chemical reaction.
i. Solutions: solvent properties of water, solubility, main ways of expressing
the concentration of solutions.
j. Equilibria in aqueous solution.
k. Elements of chemical kinetics and catalysis.
l. Oxidation and reduction: oxidation number, concept of oxidizing and
reducing agent. Balancing of simple reactions.
m. Acids and bases: concept of acid and base. Acidity, neutrality, and
basicity of aqueous solutions. pH. Hydrolysis. Buffer solutions.
n. Fundamentals of organic chemistry: bonds between carbon atoms, raw
and structural formulas, concept of isomerism. Aliphatic, alicyclic, and
aromatic hydrocarbons.
o. Functional groups: alcohols, ethers, amines, aldehydes, ketones,
carboxylic acids, esters, amides. Elements of nomenclature.
 @MEDichondria

5. Mathematics

a. Numerical sets and algebra: natural, integer, rational, real numbers.

Ordering and comparison; order of magnitude and scientific notation.
Operations and their properties. Proportions and percentages. Powers
with integer, rational exponent and their properties. Radicals and their
properties. Logarithms (base 10 and base e) and their properties.
Introduction to combinatorial calculus. Algebraic expressions,
polynomials.
b. Notable products, n-th power of a binomial, factorization of polynomials.
Algebraic fractions. First and second degree algebraic equations and
inequalities. Systems of equations.
c. Functions: fundamental notions on functions and their graphical
representations (domain, codomain, sign study, continuity, maxima and
minima, growth and decrease, etc.). Elementary functions: whole and
fractional algebraic, exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric functions.
Compound functions and inverse functions. Trigonometric equations and
inequalities.
d. Geometry: polygons and their properties. Circle and circumference.
Measures of lengths, surfaces, and volumes. Isometries, similarities, and
equivalences in the plane.
e. Geometric places. Measure of angles in degrees and radians. Sine,
cosine, tangent of an angle and their notable values. Trigonometric
formulas. Resolution of triangles. Cartesian reference system in the
plane. Distance between two points and midpoint of a segment. Equation
of a line. Conditions of parallelism and perpendicularity. Distance of a
point from a line. Equation of the circle, parabola, hyperbola, ellipse and
their representation in the Cartesian plane. Pythagorean theorem.
Theorems of Euclid (first and second).
f. Probability and statistics: frequency distributions according to the type of
characteristic and main graphical representations. Notion of random
experiments and event. Probability and frequency.
 @MEDichondria

6. Physics

a. Physical quantities and their measurement: Fundamental and derived

physical quantities.
b. Systems of units of measure: International and Technical. Multiples and
submultiples.
c. Scientific notation. Main conversions between different unit systems.
d. Scalar and vector quantities. Vectors and operations on vectors.
e. Kinematics: Description of motion. Speed and angular speed,
acceleration and centripetal acceleration. Uniform straight motion,
uniformly accelerated motion, uniform circular motion, harmonic motion.
f. Dynamics: Concept of force as interaction between bodies. Forces as
applied vectors. The principle of inertia. Mass and the 2nd principle of
dynamics. Examples of forces: weight force, elastic force, static and
dynamic friction. Action and reaction: the 3rd principle of dynamics.
Impulse and momentum. Principle of conservation of momentum.
Moment of a force and angular momentum.
g. Work and kinetic energy. Conservative forces and potential energy.
Principle of conservation of mechanical energy. Power.
h. Mechanics of fluids: Density and compressibility of fluids. Gas and
liquids.
i. Hydrostatics: pressure and principles of Pascal, Stevin, and Archimedes.
Dynamics of liquids: one-dimensional motion, flow and flow rate,
continuity equation. Ideal fluids and Bernoulli's equation. Viscous forces
in real fluids.
j. Thermodynamics: Equilibrium, concept of temperature, thermometers.
Concept of heat and calorimetry. Modes of heat propagation. Heat
capacity and specific heat. Changes of state and latent heats. Laws of
perfect gases.
k. First and second principle of thermodynamics.
l. Electricity and electromagnetism: Electric charges. Forces between
charges and Coulomb's law. Electric field and potential, equipotential
surfaces. Dielectric constant, capacitance, capacitors. Electrostatic
energy. Series and parallel of capacitors. Generators. Electric voltage.
Electric current. Resistivity, resistance, resistors. Ohm's law. Series and
parallel of resistors. Kirchhoff's principles. Work, Power, Joule effect.
Direct and alternating current. Period and frequency. Magnetic field of an
electric current. Forces on electric currents in a magnetic field.
Electromagnetic induction.