Case Study: Waste Management and Recycling Tracker System

Prepared by: Sri Durga

1. Introduction

The Waste Management and Recycling Tracker System is a software application designed to help
individuals and organizations efficiently manage waste disposal, recycling, and track waste records.
The system allows users to dispose of waste into categorized bins (recyclable, non-recyclable,
organic) and keeps records of each disposal. It is built using Java and provides a simple command-line
interface for user interaction.

This case study discusses the system's design, features, functionality, and implementation details. It
also highlights potential future enhancements and the broader impact of efficient waste
management.

2. Objective

The objective of the Waste Management and Recycling Tracker System is to:

• Allow users to interact with waste bins by disposing of waste into designated bins
(recyclable, non-recyclable, and organic).

• Track waste disposal activities, including the quantity of waste disposed and the user
responsible for the disposal.

• Provide an efficient way to manage waste bins, monitor capacity, and ensure proper waste
segregation.

• Demonstrate the use of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts like classes, objects,
and inheritance in a real-world application.

3. System Requirements

Hardware Requirements:

• A computer with a Java Development Kit (JDK) installed.

• An IDE like IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse, or a simple text editor for writing and compiling code.

Software Requirements:

• Java SE Development Kit (JDK).

• A command-line interface (CLI) or IDE to run the program.

4. System Architecture
The system consists of three main components, each encapsulated in separate classes. The system
uses a simple command-line interface (CLI) for user interaction.

Classes Implemented:

1. WasteBin Class:

o Purpose: Represents a waste bin that holds waste.

o Attributes:

▪ id (int): Unique identifier for each bin.

▪ location (String): The location of the bin.

▪ type (String): Type of waste the bin holds (recyclable, non-recyclable,

▪ capacity (double): The maximum capacity of the bin.

▪ currentLevel (double): The current level of waste in the bin.

o Methods:

▪ disposeWaste(double quantity): Disposes of waste into the bin, updating its

▪ isFull(): Checks if the bin has reached its full capacity.

▪ getRemainingCapacity(): Returns the remaining capacity in the bin.

2. WasteRecord Class:

o Purpose: Keeps track of individual waste disposal records.

o Attributes:

▪ wasteId (int): Unique ID for each waste record.

▪ userId (int): ID of the user responsible for the waste disposal.

▪ wasteType (String): Type of waste (recyclable, non-recyclable, organic).

▪ quantity (double): Amount of waste disposed.

▪ date (String): Date of the waste disposal.

o Methods:

▪ getTotalWaste(): Returns the total quantity of waste disposed.

▪ displayRecord(): Displays waste record details.

3. User Class:

o Purpose: Represents a user (resident) in the system.

o Attributes:

▪ userId (int): Unique identifier for each user.

▪ address (String): The address of the user.

o Methods:

▪ viewDetails(): Displays the details of the user.

4. WasteManagementSystem Class (Main Class):

o Purpose: This is the central class that interacts with all components and manages
user input and waste disposal logic.

o Methods:

▪ initializeBins(): Initializes sample waste bins with predefined attributes.

▪ initializeUsers(): Initializes sample users in the system.

▪ viewWasteBins(): Displays a list of available waste bins.

▪ disposeWaste(Scanner scanner): Manages the process of waste disposal.

▪ viewWasteRecords(): Displays all the waste disposal records.

▪ viewUserDetails(Scanner scanner): Allows users to view their own details.

▪ The main method runs the system and handles the user's choices from a
menu.

5. Functionalities

Key Features of the System:

1. View Waste Bins:

o Displays available waste bins, including their ID, location, type, and remaining
capacity.

2. Dispose Waste:

o Users can dispose of waste into a selected bin, and the system updates the bin's
current level.

o If the bin is full, the system will prompt the user to select another bin.

3. View Waste Records:

o Displays a list of all waste disposal activities, showing the waste type, quantity, user
ID, and disposal date.

4. View User Details:

o Users can view their personal details by entering their user ID.

The code begins with defining the classes that handle waste bins, user records, and waste
disposal activities. Here's how the classes and methods are structured:
 • WasteBin Class handles the core logic of managing the waste bins, including checking
capacity, disposing waste, and tracking the bin's status.

• WasteRecord Class maintains the record of every waste disposal action made by the users,
allowing tracking of disposed waste.

• User Class keeps user details and allows the system to identify who is responsible for each
waste disposal.

• WasteManagementSystem Class is the main class that handles the user's input and
integrates all the components together.

6. Code :
Output:
7. Limitations

1. No Persistent Data Storage: All the data (e.g., waste records, user details) is stored in
memory, meaning the system will lose all data once the program ends.

2. No Database Integration: The system doesn’t have a database backend, so it cannot scale
easily or handle large amounts of data.

3. No User Authentication: The system lacks proper user authentication and does not
distinguish between different types of users (e.g., residents, administrators).

4. Limited Features: The system is relatively basic and lacks advanced features such as waste
analysis, detailed reporting, and alerts for bin overflow.

8. Future Scope

• Database Integration: Integrating a database such as MySQL or MongoDB will allow the
system to persist data and scale more effectively.

• User Authentication: Adding a login system with different user roles (e.g., admin, regular
user) will enhance security and functionality.

• Advanced Features: The addition of features like real-time bin status monitoring, automated
waste categorization, and alerts for full bins would improve the system's capabilities.
 • Mobile Application: Developing a mobile version of the system would increase user
accessibility and facilitate better waste management in communities.

9. Conclusion

The Waste Management and Recycling Tracker System serves as an efficient, user-friendly platform
for managing waste disposal. It uses object-oriented principles to organize the data, and its simple
command-line interface makes it easy to use. Despite its limitations, this system lays a solid
foundation for a scalable and more advanced waste management solution. The implementation
highlights key concepts in programming and offers a practical application in real-world waste
management.