Communication

Communication with other ICT user using email

Summary
Constraints

• many rules that need to be follow

• to ensure the security of the message sent
• to prevent people from writing things that are regarded as unacceptable

LAW
LAW

• Many countries have laws to protect people against the misuse of emails.

Law: Opt-in
Many countries require senders of emails to obtain opt-in permission before email are sent out.
What is OPT-IN?

• users are invited to sign up for promotional information

• those who sign up have thus "opted in."

Promotional emails may not be sent to people who have NOT REQUESTED them. It will become SPAM.
Law: Opt-out
A company or individual must have a clear way for recipients to opt-out.
What is OPT-OUT?

• the same process when user unsubscribes

• automatically user removes themselves from promotion contact list and is not willing to receive
promotion emails

Law: Privacy Policies

• companies must make their privacy policy very clear to subscribers

• subscribers must be made aware of such policies

Law: Email address harvesting

• process of obtaining a large number of email addresses through various methods

• the purpose of harvesting email addresses is for use in bulk emailing or for spamming.

Many countries do not allowed companies to harvest email address

Law: Sender email address

• email address of the sender should be clearly identified in the "From" section.

Law: Misleading Subject

• subject line must accurately describe email's content

Acceptable Language
Acceptable Language
Email containing the following are deemed unacceptable:

• swear words
• threats
• racist comments
• obscene images
• illegal materials
• any offensive contents

Copyright
Copyright

• emails are subjected to copyright laws

• just because its easy to forward does not mean it is always legal to do so
• sending copyrighted text, images or other files over email is illegal unless with permission from
the owner

Security
& Password
Protection
Security & Password Protection

• use strong password

• change password regularly
• use spam filters
• running anti-virus

Netiquette
Netiquette

• internet + etiquette
• respect other users
• show courtesy
Do not type ALL IN CAPITAL LETTERS

• this is seen as being aggressive

"Reply to all" if absolutely necessary

• it will annoy people that might not necessary to see your reply to the sender

Use sensible formatting

• email should be clear and easy to read

Use Bcc: to ensure privacy

• Bcc hides email addresses from recipients

Do not use too many emoticons

• they might annoy your readers

Greet & address recipient properly

• Start your email by greeting & addressing your recipients properly

• End your email with proper thank you notes

• Avoid replying the emails with short messages - its not a chatting applications

Spam
Spam

• unsolicited email sent over the internet

• often sent out to multiple recipients
• can contain virus
• mobile phone - SPAMS (spam SMS)

Why Spam needs to be Prevented

• uses up people's time

• generally annoys people
• use up valuable bandwidth on the internet, slowing it down
• can have viruses attached
• can be a phishing scam
• can clog up users' inboxes
How to Prevent Spam?

• use spam filters

• never reply to spam email
• use disposable email
• be wary about giving out your main email address.
• never reveal your email address on your website.
• try to avoid opening spam emails and clicking on links in spam messages.

Email Group
Email Group

• list of contacts that would receive the same emails

Advantages:

• easier - only need to use the single group name as recipient

• areas of interest - target email to specific groups
• ensure all correct people receive email
• saves a lot of time

Internet
worldwide connection of network
allow user to:

• send and receive email

• chat online
• transfer files from computer to computer
• browse the world wide web (www)

Intranet

• private Internet
• outsiders cant connect
• exist between building & company
• need login id & password before can start using it

Why Intranet?
Reason for adopting Intranets rather than Internet

• safer - less chance for hacking & viruses

• possible to prevent certain websites
• easier to send out sensitive message
• better bandwidth
Internet
vs
Intranet
Cloud Storage

• method of data storage

• stored on offsite servers
• data can be accessed anytime
• data redundancy

Cloud
Storage
Types of Cloud Storage
Types
Public
Public Cloud

• clients and service providers are from different entities

• example: Google, Amazon, IBM, Microsoft

Private
Private Cloud

• clients and service providers operates as single entity

• server can be located at client's place, or provider's place

Hybrid
Hybrid Cloud

• combination of public & private

• less sensitive data can be transferred to public cloud

Advantages
&
Disadvantages
Advantages

• data can be accessed anytime (with internet)

 • no need to carry external storage devices
• as a remote backup
• allow recovery of data
• almost unlimited storage capacity

Disadvantages

• security aspects
• data privacy
• hacking
• need a good internet connection
• cost can be high
• potential failure

General Internet Terms

Terms
WWW
WWW

• World Wide Web is part of the internet.

• Can be accessed using a web browser.
• Consists of a massive collection of webpages.

HTTP
HTTPS
HTTP

• Hypertext Transfer Protocol

• set of rules that must be obeyed when transferring data across the internet

HTTPs

• When some form of security (SSL or TLS) certification or encryption is used, it is called HTTPs

• s refer to 'secure'

• Slower than http

Web Browser
Web Browser

• software that allows user to display a web page

 • translate the HTML from website and show the result of the translation

Features of Web Browser

• have 'Home'
• ability to store user favourite website
• keep browsing history
• can backward & forward
• have hyperlinks that allow user to navigate between web page

URL
URL

• Uniform Resource Locator

• a web address
• represented by numbers (http://100.100.100.1) however it is not very user friendly.
• So therefore an alphanumeric format (http://www.prezi.com)

domain type
domain host
path
http://www.prezi.com.my/index/home.html
filename
Protocol
domain name
country
code
FTP
FTP

• File Transfer Protocol

• network protocol used when transferring files from one computer to another computer over the
internet

ISP
ISP

• Internet Service Provider

• company that provides user with access to the internet

 • user have to pay a monthly fee

• after register, user will receive login details that include ID and password

Search Engine
Search Engine

• software system that is designed to search the World Wide Web in a systematic way for particular
information specified in a textual web search query

Sites
Blogs
Blogs

• web logs
• personal internet journal
• readers can leave comments

Another Terms for Blog

• Microblogs - similar to blog but are most often used on social networking sites to make short,
frequent post

• b-blog - business blog

Features

• updated on a regular basis by the author

• usually organised in reverse chronological order
• normally public
• entries normally come from a single author
• other internet user cant change blog entries - only read and comments

Wikis
Wikis

• website that allow user to create and edit web pages

Features

• anyone can edit/ delete

• many authors can be involved
• can organise page any way the authors wish
• show track of all entries
 • easily edited

Social
Networks
Social Networks

• focus on building online communities

Social Networks

• each member is provided with free web space

• can build their profile (public/private)
• upload contents (pictures/ videos/ text)
• able to write on each other wall
• able to comments
• instant messaging/ video calling
• add friends
• have control over who sees their contents

Search
Search Engine
Search Engine

• a website that searches for and identifies items in a database

• correspond to keywords or characters specified by the user
• used especially for finding particular sites on the World Wide Web.

Examples

• Google
• Bing
• Yahoo
• Ask.com
• AOL.com
• Baidu
• Wolframalpha
• DuckDuckGo
• Internet Archive
• Yandex.ru
Web
Browser
Web Browser

• a software that installed in your computer

• connect to a website's server and display its pages

Examples

• Google Chrome
• Mozilla Firefox
• Opera
• Safari
• Internet Explorer
• Slimjet
• Maxthon
• SlimBrowser
• Netscape
• UC Browser