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Module 3_ Transient Response of Closed Loop Systems

This document discusses the transient response of closed-loop systems in process instrumentation and control, focusing on overall transfer functions for single-loop systems. It explains the servo and regulator problems, detailing how to analyze responses to changes in set points and load variables. Additionally, it covers proportional control strategies for maintaining system stability and managing disturbances.

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ashokkumart674
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10 views21 pages

Module 3_ Transient Response of Closed Loop Systems

This document discusses the transient response of closed-loop systems in process instrumentation and control, focusing on overall transfer functions for single-loop systems. It explains the servo and regulator problems, detailing how to analyze responses to changes in set points and load variables. Additionally, it covers proportional control strategies for maintaining system stability and managing disturbances.

Uploaded by

ashokkumart674
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL

(CHE3002)

Module 3
Lecture 19: Transient response of closed loop
systems

Dr.S.Karthika
Assistant Professor
(Senior Grade 1)
Closed loop transfer functions
OVERALL TRANSFER FUNCTION FOR SINGLE-LOOP SYSTEMS

 The overall transfer functions are used to obtain


considerable information about the control system.

 The response to a change in set point R, obtained by


setting U = 0, represents the solution to the servo
problem. The response to a change in load variable U,
obtained by setting R = 0, is the solution to the regulator
problem.
Overall Transfer Function for Change in Set Point

 For this case, U = 0 and the block diagram may be simplified or


reduced.
Overall Transfer Function for Change in Load

 With R=0,

Solving the equations,

where G = GcG1G2
General rule

The transfer function relating any pair of variables X, Y is obtained by the


relationship
Block diagram for temperature control system
Transient response of simple control systems

Assume G1 (valve T.F.) = 1


Then for proportional controller Gc = K c

Kc A Kc A
T′ τs + 1 τs +1
= =
TR ′ K A τs + 1 + Kc A
1 + τs c+ 1 τs + 1

T′ Kc A τs
= ൘ +1
TR ′ 1 + Kc A Kc A

Kc A
= A1
1 + Kc A
Note: A unit change in
set point is selected for
convenience; Hence, the
desired ultimate value of T ,
which is T(α) is 1
Unit-step response for set point change (P control)

Note: The problem of eliminating offset by high controller gain


requires a discussion of stability
Proportional control for load change – [Regulator problem/ Disturbance
rejection ]

The goal of the control system in this case is to reject the effect
of disturbances (changes in the inlet temperature Ti for this
process) and maintain the controlled variable, the tank
temperature, at the set point.
Proportional control for load change – [Regulator problem/ Disturbance rejection ]
Proportional control for load change – [Regulator problem/ Disturbance rejection ]

Note: The absolute value of the offset is reduced as controller gain Kc is


increased.
Unit-step response for load change (P control)

The response of the system to a unit-step change in inlet temperature Ti’


Problem

 The set point of the control system shown in the


figure is gives a step change of a 0.1 unit. Determine
a) The maximum value of C b) The offset
Solution
Solution
Problem 2
Determine the system response for a unit step in load
Thank you

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