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Tutorial 6

The document contains a tutorial on microprocessor systems, specifically focusing on the 16550 UART and its configuration for serial communication. It includes calculations for baud rates, signal frequencies, and programming examples for interfacing with the UART. Additionally, it provides logic waveform sketches and procedures for error checking in data transmission.

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Moad Areibi
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20 views7 pages

Tutorial 6

The document contains a tutorial on microprocessor systems, specifically focusing on the 16550 UART and its configuration for serial communication. It includes calculations for baud rates, signal frequencies, and programming examples for interfacing with the UART. Additionally, it provides logic waveform sketches and procedures for error checking in data transmission.

Uploaded by

Moad Areibi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Microprocessor Systems Course (EC 482)

Tutorial 6
Q1- If the 16550 is to generate a serial signal at a baud rate of 2400
baud and the baud rate divisor is programmed for 16, what is the
frequency of the signal?
Answer
The frequency of the signal: 2400 x 16*divisor rate = 2400 x 16*16 = 614,400 Hz

Q2- Hundred characters are serially transmitted per second using


16550 PCI. Each character consists of 1 start bit, 8 data bits, 1
parity bit and 2 stop bits. Sixteen clock periods per bit time are
used. Calculate the Baud Rate (B), the bit time, clock period per
bit time and the data rate.
Answer:
B = 100 characters/s × 12 bits/character = 1200 baud
Bit Time = 1 / Baud rate = 1/1200 = 0.000833 seconds
clock periods = Bit time / 16
Data Rate = 100 characters/s × 8 data bits/character = 800 bits/s
Q3- Sketch the logic waveform appearing at the output of the
UART when it transmits a character ' A ' at a baud rate of
9,600 . The sketch should show the bit durations in
microseconds, in addition to the waveform. The frame format
is of 1 start bit, 8 data bits, an odd parity bit, and 2 stop bits.
Hint character A in ASCII Hexadecimal (41)
Answer:
Bit duration = 1/Baud rate =104.17 microseconds
1. Start Bit: Low (0) for one bit duration
2. Data Bits: The binary representation of 'T' is 01000001.
- Bit 1: high (1) for one bit duration.
- Bit 2: low (0) for one bit duration.
- Bit 3: low (0) for one bit duration.
- Bit 4: low (0) for one bit duration.
- Bit 5: low (0) for one bit duration.
- Bit 6: low (0) for one bit duration.
- Bit 7: high (1) for one bit duration.
- Bit 8:low(0) for one bit duration.
3. Parity Bit: high (1) for one bit duration.
4. Stop Bits: : high (1) for two bit duration
Tutorial 6

Q4- Programming the control Registers and Baud rate generator


for the 16550 PCI having the following specification:
Asynchronous mode, 8-bit character even parity, 2 stop bits,
38400 baud.

Answer: The Baud rate can be calculated as: 18.432MHz/ ( 16*divisor rate)

MOV AL, 10011111 ; enable Baud divisor


OUT LINE, AL
MOV AL, 120 ; program Baud rate
OUT LSB, AL
MOV AL, 0
OUT MSB, AL
MOV AL, 00011111B ; program 7 data bit; odd parity
OUT LINE, AL ; &1 stop bit
Tutorial 6

Q5. Interface an 16550 A PCI to function at I/O port addresses 10H,


14H, 18H, 1CH, 20H, 24H, 28H, 2CH using 80386
microprocessor. Program the PCI for asynchronous mode
operation with 9600 baud using 8 data bits, even parity, one
stop bit, and the transmitting CLK equal 1843KHz. Write
procedure to check a parity error when a character is received.
If an error occurs, transmit " EE " to the PCI and out through
TXD ?
Answer:

The BRG divisor value would be (1843000 / 16 x 9600) = 12


LSB EQU 10H
MSB EQU 14H
FIFO EQU 18H
LCR EQU 1CH
MCR EQU 20H
LSR EQU 24H
MSR EQU 28H
SPR EQU 2CH
Interfacing circuit : to function at I/O port addresses 10H, 14H, 18H, 1CH,
20H, 24H, 28H, 2CH

Port A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2


Number
LSB 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
MSB 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
FIFO 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
LCR 1C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
MCR 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
LSR 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
MSR 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0
SPR 2C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1
A2
A6 D A3
A7 E
C Inverter
A4 •
O Q0
A8
D
. E
A15 R

A5 do not care

BE0
Tutorial 6

MAIN: MOV AL, 10011011 ; enable Baud divisor


OUT LCR, AL
MOV AL, 12 ; program Baud rate
OUT LSB, AL
MOV AL, 0
OUT MSB, AL
MOV AL, 00011011B ; program 7 data bit; odd parity
OUT LCR, AL ; &1 stop bit
MOV AL, 00000111B ; enable transmitter and receiver
OUT FIFO, AL
RET
END MAIN

RECV PROC
IN AL, LSR ; read line status register
TEST AL, 1H
JZ RECV
TEST AL, 04H
JNZ ERR
IN AL, DATA ; input received data
RECV END
ERR IN AL, LSR ; read line status register
TEST AL, 20H
JZ ERR
MOV AL, EEH
OUT LSB, AL ; transmit data
RET

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