A.P.

Physics – 1 Unit 1: Motion in 1 and 2 Dimensions

Study Guide: U1 End-of-Unit Test

* In studying for your test, make sure to study this review sheet
along with your quizzes, labs, and homework assignments.

1. For an object that travels 20km north and then 15km south, what is the ratio of the
distance traveled to the displacement?
(A) 1/7 (B) 1 (C) 7 (D) 35

2. Two vectors A and B both have magnitudes of 5 units. The magnitude of the vector sum
of these two vectors could be…
(A) 5 units. (B) 10 units. (C) 0 units. (D) A, B, or C.

3. An object is thrown with a horizontal velocity of 20m/s from a cliff that is 125m above
ground level. If air resistance is negligible, the time that it takes the object to fall to
the ground from the cliff is most nearly…
(A) 5s (B) 6s (C) 12s (D)25s

4. Two objects both start from rest and accelerate in straight paths at the same constant
rate. Object A is allowed to accelerate for 2 seconds, and object B is allowed to
accelerate for 8 seconds. The distance moved by object A while accelerating is called
xA, and its speed at the end of accelerating is called vA. What are, respectively, the
distance moved by object B while accelerating and its speed at the end of accelerating?
(A) 4xA, 4vA (B) 4xA, 16vA (C) 64xA, 8vA (D) 16xA, 4vA

5. A rock is thrown horizontally off a building. The speed of the rock as it leaves the
thrower’s hand at the edge of the building is v0. It takes an amount of time, t, to travel
from the edge of the building to the ground. How far from the side of the building,
measured horizontally, does the rock land?
g g (C) v0 t (D) t 2 / g
(A) v0 t − t2 (B) − t2
2 2
6. The rate of change of velocity is the definition of...
(A) displacement (C) instantaneous velocity
(B) average velocity (D) acceleration

7. Three balls are projected from the edge of a cliff. Ball I is fired horizontally, ball II is
fired at an angle of 30o above the horizontal with the same speed as ball I, and ball III is
dropped from rest. Which one of the following is true?
(A) I and II hit at the same time, and III hits later.
(B) I and III hit at the same time, and II hits later.
(C) I and III hit at the same time, and II hits earlier.
(D) All three balls hit at the same time.

8. Two cars are approaching each other on a road, traveling in opposite directions at speeds
of 10km/h and 15 km/h. At a certain moment, the cars are 25km apart from each other.
How much time elapses from that moment until the cars pass each other?
(A) 1 hour (B) 1.7 hours (C) 2.5 hours (D) 5 hours

9. The graph to the right shows the velocity versus time

v
for an object moving along an x-axis. Which one of
the following descriptions best matches this object’s
motion?
t
(A) Moving right while speeding up
(B) Moving right while slowing down
(C) Moving left while speeding up
(D) Moving left while slowing down

x
10. The given graph shows position versus time for
an object moving along a straight line. At what
time(s) is the object definitely at rest?
(A) at t=0 s
(B) from 1 to 2 s t
(C) at t=2.5 s 0 1 2 3 (s)
(D) The object is at rest during more than 1
of the times listed above.
 11. An object is thrown straight upward. Which of the following are the correct signs of
the velocity and acceleration vectors at the moment the object is at its highest point?
Velocity Acceleration
(A) + 0
(B) - 0
(C) 0 -
(D) 0 0

12. A spacecraft has one engine at its tail, which can propel it forward at 400m/s, as well as
stabilizing engines on either side, each of which can propel the craft at 300m/s
perpendicular to the direction of the tail engine’s propulsion. If one of the side engines
and the rear engine are simultaneously operating, at what angle will the craft travel
relative to forward?
(A) 30o (B) 37o (C) 45o (D) 53o

13. At the highest point of its trajectory, a projectile fired at 30o above the horizontal
from a starting height of 20m...
(A) has a horizontal velocity component equal to its initial value.
(B) is instantaneously at rest.
(C) has traveled half the distance to its impact point.
(D) has 0 acceleration.

14. A projectile is launched horizontally from a certain height H, and it takes a time T to
strike the ground below. A new projectile is then launched horizontally at the same
speed, but from a higher height. If it takes a time 3T for the new projectile to strike
the ground, which of the following is closest to the new launch height?

(A) 3H (B) 3H (C) 6H (D) 9H

Speed2 15. In a class experiment, students release a ball from rest to roll
(m2/s2) down an incline, collecting data on the ball’s speed at different
positions on its way down the incline. The students wish to plot
their data and use the graph to determine the ball’s unknown
constant acceleration, but because the ball’s position and speed
aren’t directly proportional, they plot position and speed2 instead,
as shown. If the slope of the students’ graph is 2 m/s2, which one
Position
0 (m) of the following is closest to the ball’s unknown acceleration?
(A) 1 m/s2 (B) 2 m/s2 (C) 3 m/s2 (D) 4 m/s2
 v (m/s)
16. The given graph shows velocity versus time for an object
moving to the right with a constant acceleration. Which one 24
of the following is closest to the object’s acceleration rate? 18
(A) 2 m/s2 12
(B) 3 m/s2
6
(C) 4 m/s2
(D) 6 m/s2 t (s)
0 2 4 6

17. For the same graph given in the previous question, which of the following is closest to
the object’s displacement during the 6-second interval shown in the graph?
(A) 36 m (B) 54 m (C) 72 m (D) 90 m

18. Two cars are in a race, with Car A and Car B both beginning at the starting line, and then
Car A driving at an average speed of 70mph and Car B driving at an average speed of
65mph. How long is the distance of the total race, if it ends (when Car A crosses the
finish-line) with Car A 1/4 mile in front of Car B?

19. A truck on a straight road starts from rest accelerating at 3.0 m/s2 until it reaches a
speed of 30.0 m/s. It then drives for 2 minutes at a constant speed, until it applies its
brakes and comes to a stop over the course of 8.0 s. What total distance does the truck
cover during those three motions?
20. A rock is thrown straight downward at 10m/s from a height of 3.5 m. How long does it
take the rock to reach the ground?

21. Sketch graphs of the following situations for objects free to move along an x-axis, first
on position-time graphs and then on velocity-time graphs.
a. Sitting still at a positive position b. Moving at a constant positive velocity
c. Moving at a constant negative velocity d. Moving right, speeding up w/constant accel
e. Moving left, speeding up w/constant accel f. Moving left, slowing down w/constant accel

x x v v
a. b. a. b.

t t

t t

x x v v
c. d. c. d.

t t

t t

x x v v
e. f. e. f.

t t

t t
22. A model rocket moves upward vertically at a speed of 21 m/s, when it runs out of fuel
and becomes a free fall object. How much higher does the rocket move after running
out of fuel, before it reaches its maximum height and begins falling back down again?

23. A car takes a trip where there are two different displacements involved. The car first
travels for 2h at a velocity of 60 km/h at 70o north of east. It then turns and travels
for 3.1h at a velocity of 93km/h at 60o north of west.
a. After the two displacements, how far north/south of its original location is the car?

b. After the two displacements, how far east/west of its original location is the car?

24. A stone is kicked horizontally from the edge of a cliff with an initial velocity of 30 m/s,
and it lands on a flat, horizontal beach 70 m (measured horizontally) from the cliff wall.
Find the magnitude and direction of the stone’s velocity as it impacts the beach.
25. A projectile is launched upward from an initial height of 50 meters above the ground.
Its launched speed is 24 m/s, directed at 37o above the horizontal. How far over from
its launch position, measured horizontally along the ground, does the projectile land?

26. A cart in a lab experiment moves on a

straight horizontal track. The graph
of position x versus time t for the cart
is given to the right. For the 5
seconds shown on the graph, determine
the cart’s…
a. … average velocity.

b. … average speed.
27. A cart in a lab experiment moves on a straight horizontal track. The graph of velocity v
versus time t for the cart is given below.

a. Indicate every time (or interval) for which the cart is at rest, and explain how you can tell.

b. Indicate every time interval for which the cart’s speed is increasing, and explain how you
can tell.

c. From t=25s until the cart reaches the end of the track, the cart continues with constant
horizontal velocity. The cart then leaves the end of the track and hits the floor, which is
0.40m below the track. Neglecting air resistance, determine each of following:
i. The time from when the cart leaves the track until it first hits the floor.

ii. The horizontal distance from the end of the track to the point at which the cart
first hits the floor.