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Big Data PDF

This document introduces stream processing in Big Data, highlighting its necessity for real-time insights due to the continuous and time-sensitive nature of stream data. It contrasts batch processing with stream processing, outlines architectural patterns like Lambda and Kappa, and discusses frameworks such as Apache Kafka and Apache Flink. Additionally, it addresses scalability, fault tolerance, best practices, and emerging trends in stream data processing.

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Priyanka Arya
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13 views10 pages

Big Data PDF

This document introduces stream processing in Big Data, highlighting its necessity for real-time insights due to the continuous and time-sensitive nature of stream data. It contrasts batch processing with stream processing, outlines architectural patterns like Lambda and Kappa, and discusses frameworks such as Apache Kafka and Apache Flink. Additionally, it addresses scalability, fault tolerance, best practices, and emerging trends in stream data processing.

Uploaded by

Priyanka Arya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

Stream Processing
in Big Data
In the age of Big Data, traditional batch processing techniques are no
longer sufficient to handle the massive volumes and rapid velocity of
data streams. This presentation explores the concepts and
techniques of stream processing, enabling real-time insights and
decision-making.

B y: Priyanka Arya
Understanding the
Concept of Stream Data
1 Continuous Data 2 Time Sensitivity
Flow
Stream data is often time-
Stream data is a sensitive, meaning that
continuous flow of data insights must be derived
points, arriving at high quickly to be actionable.
speeds. It is not processed
in batches, but rather in
real-time as it arrives.

3 Unbounded Nature
Stream data is unbounded, meaning that it can continue to
arrive indefinitely, requiring systems to handle continuous
processing.
Key Characteristics of
Stream Data
High Volume High Velocity
Stream data often arrives at Data points arrive at high
very high volumes, requiring speeds, requiring systems to
systems to process large process data quickly to keep
amounts of data in real-time. up with the flow.

Variety
Stream data can come from diverse sources, including sensor
data, social media feeds, and financial transactions.
Differences between Batch and Stream
Processing
Batch Processing Stream Processing

Processes data in batches, typically offline, allowing for Processes data continuously in real-time, focusing on
more complex calculations. speed and low latency.
Architectural Patterns for
Stream Processing
1 Lambda Architecture
Combines batch and stream processing, enabling both
immediate insights and historical analysis.

2 Kappa Architecture
Focuses solely on stream processing, providing real-time
insights with a unified approach.

3 Micro-Batching
Processes data in small batches at high frequencies,
bridging the gap between batch and stream processing.
Overview of Stream Processing Frameworks

Apache Kafka Apache Flink Apache Spark Streaming


A distributed streaming platform A powerful open-source stream A micro-batching engine built on
designed for high-throughput, real- processing framework that excels in Apache Spark, providing a flexible
time data ingestion and processing. both speed and scalability. approach to stream processing.
Fundamental Concepts:
Windows, Watermarks, and
Late Arrivals
Windows Group data into time-based
segments for processing, enabling
insights based on specific
intervals.
Watermarks Mark a point in time beyond
which the system considers data
as potentially late or out of order.

Late Arrivals Data points that arrive out of


order or after the watermark
threshold require handling to
maintain consistency.
Scalability and Fault Tolerance in Stream Processing
Distributed Processing
Stream processing frameworks leverage distributed architectures to handle high volumes of data.

Fault Tolerance
Redundancy and checkpointing mechanisms ensure data integrity and system uptime even in the event of failures.

Scalability
Stream processing systems can scale horizontally by adding more nodes to handle increasing data volumes and processing demands.
Best Practices for
Designing Efficient Stream
Processing Pipelines

Optimize Data Schema Code for Fault Tolerance


Design data schemas that are Implement robust error handling
efficient for processing and and recovery mechanisms.
storage.

Monitor Performance Ensure Security


Track key metrics like latency, Protect data confidentiality and
throughput, and resource usage. integrity throughout the pipeline.
Challenges and Future
Trends in Stream Data
Processing
1 Real-Time Analytics 2 Edge Computing
Advanced machine Stream processing is
learning and AI increasingly being
techniques are being deployed at the edge,
applied to stream enabling faster insights
processing for real-time from local data sources.
insights.

3 Serverless Stream Processing


Serverless architectures are simplifying the deployment and
management of stream processing applications.

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