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Module 3 - Data and Database Management

The document provides an overview of data, databases, and database management systems (DBMS), emphasizing the importance of accurate data for business decisions. It outlines the functions and components of a DBMS, including data independence, concurrency control, and recovery services. Additionally, it describes the various components of a database system, such as users, database applications, and the DBMS itself.

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32 views21 pages

Module 3 - Data and Database Management

The document provides an overview of data, databases, and database management systems (DBMS), emphasizing the importance of accurate data for business decisions. It outlines the functions and components of a DBMS, including data independence, concurrency control, and recovery services. Additionally, it describes the various components of a database system, such as users, database applications, and the DBMS itself.

Uploaded by

jillakilla78
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION

• Good business decisions rely on access to accurate


data.To facilitate this, organizations need a system for
recording, updating, and tracking data on a regular
basis.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After completing this course, you should be able to:


1. Discuss the basic concepts on data, database, and database
management system; and
2. Explain the functions and components of a database and a
database management system.
1. DATA, DATABASE AND DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEMS

What is data?
• For every database system, the heart of each system is what you
call the data (Recario, 2018). Data are facts or figures which we can
store in a database. An example of this is your ID number, the name
of your teacher, the number of students in your class now.

Watch "Introduction to Data and Database Management" by Dr. Eric Capistrano


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gq48gqrUMUM&t=0s&list=PLiqeNUxu5x2H plGrEaxWMGlb_h9MVEo6I&index=37
WHAT IS A DATABASE?

• n computer terms, database is a collection of


data, not necessarily always stored in a computer,
such as records stored in a filing cabinet, in a
notebook (Crisanto, 2018).

Watch "Database Management" by Prof. Reginald Recario


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WeE7f9U7tyg&index=36&list=PLiqeNUxu5x
2HplGrEaxWMGlb_h9MVEo6I&t=0s
WHAT IS A DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS)?

• A DBMS is a collection of interrelated data using the software and hardware


used to access the data in a useful manner such as database or set of
databases stored in a disk or other media, a computer, or set of computers
where the software to access the database can run (Crisanto, 2018).

Watch “Database Management Systems" by Prof. Mari Anjeli Crisanto


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWMkgts1vms&t=0s&list=PLiqeNUxu5x2Hp
lGrEaxWMGlb_h9MVEo6I&index=57
2. Functions of a Database Management System

What are the functions of a DBMS? What are the advantages of using a
DBMS?
• The DBMS can provide a convenient and efficient interface for storing,
retrieving, and updating data, and for extracting useful information from
the database, and a clear and logical view of the process that manipulates
the data.
2. Functions of a Database Management System

• Data Independence: DBMS maintains the segregation between the program


and the data.
• Concurrency Control. This refers to a process to ensure that data is updated
correctly and appropriately when more than one person is accessing the data
• Recovery Services. This refers to mechanisms for recovery of data that is
apparently lost due to system crashes
• Utility Services: An initialization and maintenance operations on a database.
2. Functions of a Database Management System

• Database definition. Metadata describes the contents of your database. This is


a data that describes another data in terms of its constraints, size, and the
data type of the tables
• Data Processing.This allows the user to perform different types of
operations such as string manipulation, date operations and so on.
• Data sharing. This means that within a database, privileges are provided to
different types of users.
3. COMPONENTS OF A DATABASE SYSTEM

A database system has the following components (Crisanto, 2018):


3. COMPONENTS OF A DATABASE SYSTEM

1. Users
• The users of a database system are the database administrator,
system developer, and end user. A database administrator
(DBA) is the person responsible for all the data resources in an
organization.
3. COMPONENTS OF A DATABASE SYSTEM

2. Database Application
• The next component of the database system is the database
application.This is a computer program that allows users to
manipulate the data in a DBMS through a user-friendly
interface. It can be divided into four broad categories: Personal
which is restricted to a single user;
3. COMPONENTS OF A DATABASE SYSTEM

• 3. Database Management System (DBMS) The DBMS


decouples application programs from data. The
databases store all its data in one location, thereby
limiting data duplication. Examples of DBMS include
Access, Oracle, IBM’s DB2, and SQL Server.
3. COMPONENTS OF A DATABASE SYSTEM

• 4. Database The final component of a database system


is the database itself. This is the space in the disk or
computer where the data are actually stored.
3.4. COMPONENTS OF A DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WeE7f9U7tyg&index=36&li
st=PLiqeNUxu5x2HplGrEaxWMGlb_h9MVEo6I&t=0s
3.4. COMPONENTS OF A DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM

1. Interface
• The interface is responsible for interacting with the user. It is
also called the “middleman” as it communicates between two
different parties: the end user, which is you, and the database
management systems
3.4. COMPONENTS OF A DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM

2. Parser
• The parser is responsible for checking the correctness of the
syntax that was provided by the end user through the interface.
So it also checks the tables and other objects in the query.
3.4. COMPONENTS OF A DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
• 3. Query Optimizer
• If the parsing is correct and proper, then it will proceed to what we
call the query optimizer. The query optimizer comes from the root
word ‘optimize’, which means it simplifies the query form or the
input into a simpler type of input that can be digested and can be
understood by the database management system. T
3.4. COMPONENTS OF A DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM

• 4. Execution Engine
• The next one is the execution engine. Its main responsibility is
to execute the output of the query optimizer. Once the query
has been optimized, then it will pass the data or the optimized
query to the execution engine whose sole purpose is to
execute the command
3.4. COMPONENTS OF A DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM

• 5. Storage Storage
• is the physical location of your database, which can be
the secondary or the primary memory.
ACTIVITY 3-2

• Watch "Database Management" by Prof. Reginald Recario


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WeE7f9U7tyg&index=36&list=PLiqeNUxu5x2
HplGrEaxWMGlb_h9MVEo6I&t=0s
• Watch “Database Management Systems" by Prof. Mari Anjeli Crisanto
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWMkgts1vms&t=0s&list=PLiqeNUxu5x2Hpl
GrEaxWMGlb_h9MVEo6I&index=57
REFERENCES

• "Introduction to Data and Database Management" by Dr. Eric Capistrano


• "Database Management" by Prof. Reginald Recario
• “Database Management Systems" by Prof. Mari Anjeli Crisanto
• EDUCBA. 2016. 4 Important Roles of Database Management System in Industry.
Accessed: https://www.educba.com/database-management-system/

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