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Matrix Problems

The document presents a series of matrix problems involving inner products, vector representation of construction requirements, and equations of lines and planes. It also includes tasks related to budget constraints, Gaussian elimination, and production outputs from multiple plants. Each problem requires mathematical verification or calculation to derive specific results related to vectors and matrices.

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ESHNA JAIN
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29 views2 pages

Matrix Problems

The document presents a series of matrix problems involving inner products, vector representation of construction requirements, and equations of lines and planes. It also includes tasks related to budget constraints, Gaussian elimination, and production outputs from multiple plants. Each problem requires mathematical verification or calculation to derive specific results related to vectors and matrices.

Uploaded by

ESHNA JAIN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Matrix Problems

2 3
1. If a = (− 1) and b =(4), find a·a, a·b, and a·(a + b). Verify that a·a+a·b = a·(a+b).

2. For what values of x is the inner product of (x, x − 1, 3) and (x, x, 3x) equal to 0?

3. A residential construction company plans to build several houses of three different types:
5 of type A, 7 of type B, and 12 of type C. Write down a 3-dimensional vector x whose
coordinates give the number of houses of each type. Suppose that each house of type A
requires 20 units of timber, type B requires 18 units, and type C requires 25 units. Write
down a vector u that gives the different timber quantities required for one house of each
of the three different types A, B, and C. Find the total timber requirement by computing
the inner product u · x

4. A firm produces the first of two different goods as its output, using the second good as its
2
input. Its net output vector is (−1)The price vector it faces is (1, 3). Find the firm’s (a)
input vector, (b) output vector, (c) costs, (d) revenue, (e) value of net output, and (f)
profit or loss.

5. The line L is given by x1 = −t + 2, x2 = 2t − 1, and x3 = t + 3. (a) Verify that the point a


= (2, −1, 3) lies on L, but that (1, 1, 1) does not. (b) Find the equation for the plane P
through a that is orthogonal to L.(c) Find the point P where L intersects the plane 3x1 +
5x2 − x3 = 6.

6. The price vector is (2, 3, 5) and you can afford the commodity vector (10, 5, 8). What
inequality describes your budget constraint?

7. (a) Show that a = (−2, 1, −1) is a point in the plane −x + 2y + 3z = 1.


(b) Find the equation for the normal at a to the plane in part (a).

8. Solve the following equation systems by Gaussian elimination.


(a) 𝑥1 + 4𝑥2 = 1
2𝑥1 + 2𝑥2 = 8
(b) 2𝑥1 + 2𝑥2 − 𝑥3 = 2
𝑥1 − 3𝑥2 + 𝑥3 = 0
3𝑥1 + 4𝑥2 − 𝑥3 = 1
(c) 𝑥1 + 3𝑥2 + 4𝑥3 = 0
5𝑥1 + 𝑥2 + 𝑥3 = 0
9. A firm has two plants that produce outputs of three different goods. Its total labour force
is fixed. When a fraction λ of its labour force is allocated to its first plant and a fraction 1
− λ to its second plant (with 0 ≤ λ ≤ 1), the total output of the three different goods
Type equation here.is given by the vector λ (8, 4, 4) + (1 − λ) (2, 6, 10) = (6λ + 2, −2λ +
6, −6λ + 10).
(a) Is it possible for the firm to produce either of the two output vectors a = (5, 5, 7) and b
= (7, 5, 5) if output cannot be thrown away?
(b) How do your answers to part (a) change if output can be thrown away?
(c) How will the revenue-maximizing choice of the fraction λ depend upon the selling
prices (p1, p2, p3) of the three goods? What condition must be satisfied by these prices if
both plants are to remain in use?

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