WL Tool for Embedded 802.

11 Systems
CYW43xx Technical Information
Doc. No.: 002-23156 Rev. **
February 27, 2018

Cypress Semiconductor
198 Champion Court
San Jose, CA 95134-1709
www.cypress.com
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CYW43XX Technical Information, Doc. No.: 002-23156 Rev. ** 2

 Contents

1. Introduction 7
1.1 System Requirements ..............................................................................................................7
1.2 Command Syntax .....................................................................................................................7
1.3 Options .....................................................................................................................................7
1.4 Document Conventions ............................................................................................................8
1.5 Technical Support.....................................................................................................................8
2. Command List and Version 9
2.1 cmds .........................................................................................................................................9
2.2 mpc ...........................................................................................................................................9
2.3 ver.............................................................................................................................................9
3. Initialization and Restart 10
3.1 down .......................................................................................................................................10
3.2 download ................................................................................................................................10
3.3 isup .........................................................................................................................................11
3.4 out...........................................................................................................................................11
3.5 up............................................................................................................................................11
4. Debugging and Status 12
4.1 counters ..................................................................................................................................12
4.2 cur_etheraddr .........................................................................................................................15
4.3 dump.......................................................................................................................................15
4.4 event_msgs ............................................................................................................................16
4.5 msglevel..................................................................................................................................16
4.6 nvram_dump...........................................................................................................................16
4.7 pktcnt ......................................................................................................................................17
4.8 reset_cnts ...............................................................................................................................17
4.9 revinfo .....................................................................................................................................17
4.10 status ......................................................................................................................................18
5. Configuration 19
5.1 dtim .........................................................................................................................................19
5.2 fast_timer ................................................................................................................................19
5.3 frameburst...............................................................................................................................19
5.4 glacial_timer............................................................................................................................20
5.5 infra.........................................................................................................................................20
5.6 lrl .............................................................................................................................................20
5.7 plcphdr ....................................................................................................................................21
5.8 PM ..........................................................................................................................................21
5.9 promisc ...................................................................................................................................21
5.10 rifs ...........................................................................................................................................22
5.11 rtsthresh..................................................................................................................................22
5.12 slow_timer...............................................................................................................................22

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 3

 5.13 srl ............................................................................................................................................23
6. Antenna Controls 24
6.1 antdiv ......................................................................................................................................24
6.2 txant ........................................................................................................................................24
7. 802.11n-Specific 25
7.1 ampdu.....................................................................................................................................25
7.2 ampdu_tx ................................................................................................................................25
7.3 ampdu_rx................................................................................................................................26
7.4 ampdu_mpdu..........................................................................................................................26
7.5 mimo_bw_cap.........................................................................................................................26
7.6 mimo_txbw..............................................................................................................................26
7.7 mimo_ps .................................................................................................................................27
7.8 nmode.....................................................................................................................................28
8. 802.11ac-Specific 29
8.1 bw_cap ...................................................................................................................................29
8.2 interference_override..............................................................................................................30
8.3 mimo_preamble ......................................................................................................................30
8.4 rxchain ....................................................................................................................................30
8.5 tempsense_disable.................................................................................................................31
8.6 txchain ....................................................................................................................................31
8.7 txcore ......................................................................................................................................31
8.8 vht_features ............................................................................................................................33
9. PHY, Radio, and PA Commands 34
9.1 phytype ...................................................................................................................................34
9.2 phy_activecal ..........................................................................................................................34
9.3 phy_forcecal ...........................................................................................................................35
9.4 phy_percal ..............................................................................................................................35
9.5 phy_rssi_ant ...........................................................................................................................36
9.6 phy_txpwrctrl...........................................................................................................................36
9.7 phy_txpwrindex.......................................................................................................................36
9.8 phy_watchdog.........................................................................................................................37
9.9 radio........................................................................................................................................37
9.10 sgi_rx ......................................................................................................................................38
9.11 stbc_rx ....................................................................................................................................38
9.12 stbc_tx ....................................................................................................................................39
10. Rate Commands 40
10.1 a_mrate...................................................................................................................................40
10.2 a_rate......................................................................................................................................40
10.3 bg_rate....................................................................................................................................41
10.4 mrate.......................................................................................................................................41
10.5 nrate........................................................................................................................................42
10.6 2g_rate....................................................................................................................................43
10.7 2g_mrate.................................................................................................................................44
10.8 5g_rate....................................................................................................................................45
10.9 5g_mrate.................................................................................................................................46
10.10 rateset.....................................................................................................................................47
11. Security and Encryption Controls 48
11.1 addwep ...................................................................................................................................48

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 4

 11.2 auth.........................................................................................................................................49
11.3 authorize .................................................................................................................................49
11.4 deauthorize .............................................................................................................................49
11.5 eap..........................................................................................................................................50
11.6 macmode ................................................................................................................................50
11.7 pmkid_info ..............................................................................................................................51
11.8 primary_key ............................................................................................................................51
11.9 rmwep .....................................................................................................................................52
11.10 set_pmk ..................................................................................................................................52
11.11 wepstatus................................................................................................................................52
11.12 wpa_auth ................................................................................................................................52
11.13 wpa_cap .................................................................................................................................53
11.14 wsec........................................................................................................................................54
12. Scan Engine Control 55
12.1 passive....................................................................................................................................55
12.2 scan ........................................................................................................................................55
12.3 scan_channel_time.................................................................................................................55
12.4 scan_home_time ....................................................................................................................56
12.5 scan_nprobes .........................................................................................................................56
12.6 scan_passive_time .................................................................................................................56
12.7 scan_unassoc_time ................................................................................................................57
12.8 scanresults..............................................................................................................................57
12.9 scansuppress..........................................................................................................................57
13. Association 58
13.1 assoc ......................................................................................................................................58
13.2 assoc_info...............................................................................................................................58
13.3 assoc_pref ..............................................................................................................................59
13.4 bi .............................................................................................................................................59
13.5 bssid .......................................................................................................................................59
13.6 cap ..........................................................................................................................................60
13.7 closed .....................................................................................................................................60
13.8 disassoc..................................................................................................................................60
13.9 join ..........................................................................................................................................61
13.10 reassoc ...................................................................................................................................61
13.11 shortslot ..................................................................................................................................62
13.12 shortslot_override ...................................................................................................................62
13.13 ssid .........................................................................................................................................63
14. Channel and Band Control 64
14.1 band_range.............................................................................................................................64
14.2 band........................................................................................................................................64
14.3 bands ......................................................................................................................................65
14.4 chan_info ................................................................................................................................65
14.5 channel ...................................................................................................................................66
14.6 channels .................................................................................................................................66
14.7 channels_in_country...............................................................................................................67
14.8 chanspec ................................................................................................................................68
15. Roam Control 70
15.1 prb_resp_timeout....................................................................................................................70
15.2 roam_delta..............................................................................................................................70
15.3 roam_scan_period ..................................................................................................................71

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 5

 15.4 roam_off..................................................................................................................................71
15.5 roam_trigger ...........................................................................................................................71
16. Test and Measurements 72
16.1 cis_source...............................................................................................................................72
16.2 cisdump ..................................................................................................................................72
16.3 ciswrite....................................................................................................................................73
16.4 Command Batching ................................................................................................................73
16.4.1 seq_delay...............................................................................................................73
16.4.2 seq_error_index .....................................................................................................74
16.4.3 seq_start ................................................................................................................74
16.4.4 seq_stop ................................................................................................................75
16.5 country ....................................................................................................................................75
16.6 curpower .................................................................................................................................76
16.7 fqacurcy ..................................................................................................................................76
16.8 interference.............................................................................................................................77
16.9 Packet Engine Controls ..........................................................................................................77
16.9.1 pkteng_start ...........................................................................................................78
16.9.2 pkteng_stats...........................................................................................................79
16.9.3 pkteng_stop ...........................................................................................................79
16.10 pwr_percent ............................................................................................................................80
16.11 rssi ..........................................................................................................................................80
16.12 spect .......................................................................................................................................81
16.13 txpwr1 .....................................................................................................................................81
17. Gmode Controls 82
17.1 gmode.....................................................................................................................................82
17.1.1 Auto [Default] .........................................................................................................83
17.1.2 LegacyB .................................................................................................................83
17.1.3 LRS ........................................................................................................................84
17.1.4 Performance ..........................................................................................................84
17.2 gmode_protection ...................................................................................................................85
17.3 gmode_protection_control ......................................................................................................86
17.4 gmode_protection_cts ............................................................................................................86
17.5 gmode_protection_override ....................................................................................................87
17.6 legacy_erp ..............................................................................................................................88
18. Information Element Control 89
18.1 add_ie .....................................................................................................................................89
18.2 del_ie ......................................................................................................................................90
18.3 list_ie.......................................................................................................................................90

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 6

 1. Introduction

This document describes a subset of the commands available in wl, the Cypress WLAN client utility. It is intended for devel-
opers who are evaluating and/or testing the Cypress CYW43xx combo and embedded Wi-Fi chip solutions.

1.1 System Requirements

The hardware and software requirements are:
■ The latest Cypress CYW43xx hardware.
■ A Linux operating system platform.
■ The latest version of the Cypress dongle driver.

1.2 Command Syntax

The syntax is as follows:
wl <adapter> [-h] [-d|u|x] <command> [arguments]
where
-h this message
-d signed integer
-u unsigned integer
-x hexadecimal
The [h,u] option is only to print help.
Other syntax specifics are as follows:
■ Entries within square brackets, such as [arguments], are optional. In the above example, switches within brackets, such
as –h, are typed as shown. The | symbol should not be typed, it represents the word or.
■ Entries within angle brackets, such as <adapter>, are required and indicate that a value must be inserted in place of the
item contained within the angle brackets.
■ Entries shown outside of either square or angle brackets are to be typed as shown.

1.3 Options
Type wl at the command prompt to view the full set of available wl options.
Each of the remaining sections is a set of logically grouped wl commands. Each of the commands and their associated
options are described in sufficient detail to explain command usage.
Note: The wl command options described in this document represent the subset of options that are most useful to those
embedding CYW43xx hardware into their designs.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 7

 Introduction

1.4 Document Conventions

The following conventions may be used in this document:

Convention Description
Bold User input and actions: type exit, click OK, press Alt+C
Code: #include <iostream>
Monospace HTML: <td rowspan = 3>
Command line commands and parameters: wl [-l] <command>
<> Placeholders for required elements: enter your <username> or wl <command>
Indicates optional command-line parameters: wl [-l]
[]
Indicates bit and byte ranges (inclusive): [0:3] or [7:0]

1.5 Technical Support

Cypress provides customer access to a wide range of information, including technical documentation, schematic diagrams,
product bill of materials, PCB layout information, and software updates through its customer support portal.
For assistance, visit Cypress Support or contact customer support at +1(800) 541-4736 Ext. 2 (in the USA) or +1 (408) 943-
2600 Ext. 2 (International).
You can also use the following support resources if you need quick assistance:
■ Self-help (Technical Documents).
■ Local Sales Office Locations.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 8

 2. Command List and Version

2.1 cmds
Generates a list of available commands.

wl cmds

Returns
All commands available to the attached 43XX chip.

2.2 mpc
Gets or sets the minimum power control mode.

wl mpc [<enable>]

Parameters
enable

Value Description
0 Disable the minimum power control mode: Required before WLAN RF manufacturing (MFG) testing.
Enable the minimum power control mode. This is the default mode for nonmanufacturing firmware and
1
most MFG firmware.

Returns
The current MPC status.

2.3 ver
Gets wl version information. If the -v option is used, then the version string from an NVRAM variable is also provided.

wl ver [-v]

Returns
Version number, for example, 4.10 RC47.0.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 9

 3. Initialization and Restart

3.1 down
Resets the interface and indicates that it is down (that is, disabled or nonoperational).

wl down

Some of the tasks performed include:

■ Disassociation.
■ Turning the radio off.
■ Canceling the watchdog timer.
■ Canceling the activity timer.
■ Canceling active scans.
■ Canceling IBSS timers.
■ Canceling association timers.
■ Flushing the TX control queue.
■ Reclaiming SCBs (stations).
■ For an AP, flushing PS-POLL response (MAC Segment Data Unit [MSDU]) packet queues and PSPOLL.
■ Response (MAC Protocol Data Unit [MPDU]) packet queues.
■ Restoring to a known good default state.

3.2 download
Downloads the firmware and NVRAM files over a serial interface to a device attached to a remote host. The NVRAM text file
is not optional.

wl download <binaryfile> <nvramfile>

Parameters
binaryfile
Name of the firmware file to be downloaded.
nvramfile
Name of the NVRAM file to be downloaded.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 10

 Initialization and Restart

3.3 isup
Gets the operational state of the driver.

wl isup

Returns
Driver state:

Value Description
0 Down
1 Up

3.4 out
Indicates that the interface is down (that is, disabled or nonoperational) without resetting the interface.

wl out

On dual-band cards, cards must be band-locked before using this command.

3.5 up
Initializes the interface and indicates that it is up (that is, operational).

wl up

The tasks performed during initialization include:

■ Reading the PHY revision.
■ Setting the soft interrupt mask.
■ Bringing the interface up in each band.
■ Initializing the default rate, channel, and type-dependent information.
■ Initializing the basic rate lookup.
■ Saving, suspending, disabling interrupts, and turning the radio off.
■ Starting a one-second watchdog.
■ Starting the activity LED timer.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 11

 4. Debugging and Status

4.1 counters
Gets the driver counter values.

wl counters

Returns
All driver counter values:

Value Description
Transmit frames from the driver. (TX frames from the MAC minus all control and management
txframe
frames from the MAC.)
txbyte The number of data bytes sent by the MAC.
txretrans The number of retries by the MAC. (If an ACK is not received, the packet is sent again.).
txerror The TX frames that were not sent, including packets that exceeded the retry limit.
rxframe The number of data frames received by the MAC.
rxbyte The number of data bytes received by the MAC.
rxerror RX data errors.
txprshort TX short preamble frames.
txdmawar Occurrences of the PR15420 workaround.
txnobuf TX out-of-buffers error.
txnoassoc The number of frames that are tossed by the driver when we are not associated.
The number status returns that contain inconsistencies. For example, an indication that an ACK
txserr
was received for a frame when an ACK was not expected.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 12

 Debugging and Status

Value Description
TX PHY errors (indicated in TX status).
TX status is returned by the MAC to the driver:
0 corerevs <5: ACK was received for this frame.
corerevs >= 5: TxStatus valid bit.
1 RS corerevs <5: RSV.
RS corerevs >= 5: ACK was received for this frame.
4:2 SU suppress indication bits:
0 = Not suppressed.
1 = Suppressed because of the Priority Management Queue (PMQ) entry.
2 = Suppressed because of a flush request.
3 = Suppressed because of maximum retries of the previous fragment (only valid for fragmented
txphyerr MSDUs).
4 = Suppressed because of a channel mismatch.
5 = Suppressed because of lifetime.
6 = Suppressed because of underflow.
7 = Suppressed because of a NACK (valid in AB mode only).
5 A-MPDU indication (AM): This TX-status package corresponds to an A-MPDU.
This bit will be set for both TX-status packages returned to the host for A-MPDUs.
6 Intermediate status (IM) indication (fragment failed after successful RTS/CTS).
7 PM mode was indicated to the AP.
11:8 RTS transmissions (RT).
15:12 Fragment transmissions (FT).
txphycrs TX carrier-sense counter for the PHY.
txfail The MAC tried to transmit a packet. The retry limit was exceeded and this counter was updated.
Frames correctly ACKed (according to the driver¡Xshould be the same as d11_txfrmsnt if there is
d11_txfrag
no fragmentation).
d11_txmulti Multicast frames sent by the MAC.
d11_txretry Times a frame was retried once.
d11_txretrie Times a frame was retried more than once.
d11_txrts RTS sent by the MAC.
d11_txnocts CTS sent by the MAC.
d11_txnoack ACKs sent by the MAC.
d11_txfrmsnt Packets sent for which an ACK is received.
rxcrc Packets received with CRC errors in the payload.
rxnobuf RX out-of-buffers errors.
rxnondata RX non-data frames in the data channel (errors).
rxbadds RX bad DS errors: RX bad control or management frames.
rxdup dot11 frame duplicates.
rxfragerr MAC did not receive all the fragments of a fragmented packet.
rxrunt The header indicates that the length of the packet is zero.
rxgiant The header indicates that the length of packet is huge >4 KB
rxnoscb RX no SCB error.
rxbadproto RX invalid frames.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 13

 Debugging and Status

Value Description
d11_rxfrag Fragments received.
d11_rxmulti Multicast packets received.
d11_rxundec IEEE 802.11 WEP unable to decrypt.
Frames sent by ƒÝCODE, including data, ACK, RTS, CTS, and control management (includes
txallfrm
retransmissions).
txackfrm ACK frames sent.
txphyerr TX PHY errors (indicated in TX status).
rxundec IEEE 802.11 WEP unable to decrypt.
rxfrmtoolong The received frame was longer than legal limit (2346 bytes).
rxfrmtooshrt The received frame did not contain enough bytes for its frame type.
rxinvmachdr Either the protocol version != 0 or the frame type is not data, control, or management.
rxbadfcs Frames for which the CRC check failed in the MAC.
rxbadplcp The parity check of the PLCP header failed.
rxcrsglitch The PHY was able to correlate the preamble but not the header.
rxstrt Frames received with a good PLCP (i.e., passing parity check).
rxdfrmucastmbss Data frames received with good FCS and matching receiver address (RA).
rxmfrmucastmbss Management frames received with good FCS and matching RA.
rxcfrmucast Control frames received with good FCS and matching RA.
rxrtsucast Unicast RTS addressed to the MAC (good FCS).
rxctsucast Unicast CTS addressed to the MAC (good FCS).
rxackucast Unicast ACKs received (good FCS).
rxdfrmocast Data frames received with good FCS and no matching RA.
rxmfrmocast Management frames received with good FCS and no matching RA.
rxcfrmocast Control frames received with good FCS and no matching RA.
rxrtsocast Multicast RTS addressed to the MAC.
rxctsocast Multicast CTS addressed to the MAC.
rxdfrmmcast RX data multicast frames received by the MAC.
rxmfrmmcast The number of RX management multicast frames received by the MAC.
rxcfrmmcast RX control multicast frames received by the MAC (unlikely to see these).
rxbeaconmbss Beacons received from members of the BSS.
rxdfrmucastobss Unicast frames addressed to the MAC from another BSS (WDS FRAME).
rxbeaconobss Beacons received from another BSS.
rxrsptmout Response timeouts for transmitted frames expecting a response.
bcntxcancl Transmit beacons cancelled due to receipt of a beacon (IBSS).
rxf0ovfl Receive FIFO 0 overflows.
rxf1ovfl Receive FIFO 1 overflows (obsolete).
rxf2ovfl Receive FIFO 2 overflows (obsolete).
txsfovfl Transmit status FIFO overflows (obsolete).
pmqovfl PMQ overflows.
rxcgprqfrm Received probe requests that made it into the Probe Request Queue (PRQ) FIFO.
rxcgprsqovfl RX probe request queue overflows in the AP.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 14

 Debugging and Status

Value Description
txcgprsfail TX probe response failures: AP sends a probe response but does not receive an ACK.
txcgprssuc TX probe response success (ACK was received).
prs_timeout Probe response timeout.
rxnack NACK received counter.
frmscons –
txnack tx Side NACK counter.
txglitch_nack –
txburst BRCM-to-BRCM only burst packets.
txphyerror Error counter for things such as CCK packet in A band, etc.
Frames dropped due to mismatched channel (usually probe requests that never went out before
txchanrej
the channel was switched).
rxXmbps Counters for each successful packet received at X rate.
pketngrxducast Packets received in packet engine mode sent to the packet-engine assigned MAC address.
pktengrxdmcast Packets received in packet engine mode sent to the multicast address.
txmpdu_sgi TX packets with a short guard interval.
rxmpdu_sgi RX packets with a short guard interval.
txmpdu_stbc TX packets with space-time block coding.
rxmpdu_stbc TX packets with space-time block coding.

Example: Return output

txframe 0 txbyte 0 txretrans 0 txerror 3521 rxframe 0 rxbyte 0 rxerror 0 txprshort 0 txdmawar 0
txnobuf 3521 txnoassoc 0 txchit 0 txcmiss 0 reset 2 txserr 0 txphyerr 0 txphycrs 0 txfail 0
d11_txfrag 69098 d11_txmulti 0 d11_txretry 0 d11_txretrie 0 d11_txrts 0 d11_txnocts 0 d11_txnoack
0 d11_txfrmsnt 0 rxrtsocast 986289 rxctsocast 1018345 rxdfrmmcast 37898 rxmfrmmcast 1466381¡K.

4.2 cur_etheraddr
Gets or sets the Medium Access Controller (MAC) address. In a set, the new address will override the current MAC address.

wl cur_etheraddr [<mac address>]

Parameters
mac address
New MAC address with format xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx.

Returns
The current MAC address from a get operation.

4.3 dump
Gets the driver state and chip registers and prints them to standard output.

wl dump

Returns
Driver state and chip register data.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 15

 Debugging and Status

Example: Return output

wl0: Dec 16 2005 18:52:10 version 4.10.47.3
resets 1
perm_etheraddr 00:90:4b:7a:7a:ac cur_etheraddr 00:90:4b:7a:7a:ac
board 0x1, board rev 4.5
rate_override: A 0, B 0
antdiv_override -1 (3 default) txant 3
BSS Config 0:
"\x1F\x19<O\x8E\x98\x96\x9A\x80 \x9FS.\x10\x85z\x9B\x97\x95¡P\
x00\x19\x7F(j\x96"
enable 0 up 0 wlif 0x00000000 ""
wsec 0x1 auth 0 wsec_index -1 wep_algo 0
current_bss.BSSID 00:00:00:00:00:00
current_bss.SSID ""
assoc_state 0 associated 0

4.4 event_msgs
Gets or sets the 128-bit hexadecimal filter bit mask for MAC events.

wl event_msgs [<value>]

Parameters
value
0x0 (default) to 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff (maximum)

Returns
The 128-bit hexadecimal filter bit mask.

4.5 msglevel
Sets the driver console debugging message bit vector.

wl msglevel N

Parameters
N

Value Description
0x0001 error, err
0x0002 trace
0x0004 prhdrs
0x0008 prpkt

4.6 nvram_dump
Gets the NVRAM content.

wl nvram_dump

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 16

 Debugging and Status

Returns
The NVRAM content.
Example: Return output
manfid=0x2d0prodid=0x4329manf=productname=sromrev=3boardtype=0x504boardrev=0x11boardflags=0x120
0devid=0x4330xtalfreq=37400aa2g=3aa5g=3ag0=255pa0b0=6003pa0b1=64086pa0b2=65195pa0itssit=62pa0ma
xpwr=60opo=0mcs2gpo=0x22222222pa1lob0=7436pa1lob1=63828pa1lob2=323pa1b0=7834pa1b1=63935pa1b2=60
2pa1hib0=6364pa1hib1=63469pa1hib2=65385pa1itssit=62pa1maxpwr=60opo=0mcs5gpo=0x22222222rssismf2g
=0xarssismc2g=0xbrssisav2g=0x3bxa2g=0rssismf5g=0xarssismc5g=0xarssisav5g=0x2bxa2g=0ccode=ALLcct
l=0x0rxpo2g=255boardnum=2048macaddr=00:90:4c:c5:34:23nocrc=1

4.7 pktcnt
Gets a summary of good and bad packets.

wl pktcnt

Returns
Standard output with the following form:
❐ Receive: good packet 0, bad packet 0.
❐ Transmit: good packet 0, bad packet 0.

4.8 reset_cnts
Resets the counter information in the driver.

wl reset_cnts

4.9 revinfo
Gets the hardware revision information.

wl revinfo

Returns
The hardware revision information.
Example Output:

Value Description
0x14e4 vendorid
0x4320 deviceid
0x22050000 radiorev
0x4306 chipnum
0x2 chiprev
0x4 corerev
0x1 boardid
0x1028 boardvendor

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 17

 Debugging and Status

Value Description
0x45 boardrev
0x40a2f03 driverrev
0x13f0066 ucoderev
0x1 bus

4.10 status
Gets information about the current network association.

wl status

Returns
Network association information including SSID, Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), noise, channel, BSSID, capa-
bility, and supported rates.
If there is no network association, this command will return the following:
Not associated, last associated with SSID: "", or the previously associated SSID may be shown, but with a BSSID of
00:00:00:00:00:00.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 18

 5. Configuration

5.1 dtim
Get or set the Delivery Traffic Indication Message (DTIM) interval.

wl dtim [<interval>]

Parameters
interval
An integer number of beacon intervals. The default is 3.

Returns
The DTIM interval.

5.2 fast_timer
Gets or sets the PHY watchdog timer for the most frequent tasks.

wl fast_timer [<time_val>]

Parameters
time_val
A 32-bit timer value in microseconds.

Returns
The PHY watchdog timer for the most frequent tasks.

5.3 frameburst
Gets or sets the Frameburst mode.

wl frameburst [on|off]

Parameters
on
Frameburst enabled
off
Frameburst disabled (default)

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 Configuration

Returns
The Frameburst mode.

5.4 glacial_timer
Gets or sets the Local Oscillator LOFT recalibration periodicity timer.

wl glacial_timer [<time_val>]

Parameters
time_val
A 32-bit timer value in microseconds

Returns
The PHY watchdog timer for the least frequent tasks.

5.5 infra
Gets or sets the infrastructure mode.

wl infra [<value>]

Parameters
value
Infrastructure mode:

Value Description
0 IBSS (ad hoc)
1 Infrastructure BSS
2 Either IBSS or infrastructure BSS

Returns
The infrastructure mode
Note: When framebursting is enabled, multiple frames are sent with a minimum interframe gap to enhance network efficiency
and reduce overhead. WindowsR STA drivers contain the capability to perform framebursting.

5.6 lrl
Gets or sets the retry limit of frames longer than the RTS threshold.

wl lrl <limit>

Parameters
limit
1–255

Returns
The retry limit of frames longer than the RTS threshold

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 20

 Configuration

If limit is reduced, frames are discarded more quickly, making the buffer space requirement lower. If increased, retransmitting
up to the limit takes longer and may cause TCP to throttle back on the data rate.

5.7 plcphdr
Gets or sets the Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) preamble type.

wl plcphdr [<value>]

Parameters
value

Value Description
Automatic: disable the short preamble capability advertisement and never initiate a short pream-
–1
ble frame exchange.
0 Short: enable the short preamble capability.
1 Long: enable the long preamble capability.

Returns
The PLCP preamble type

5.8 PM
In the Cypress WLAN driver, FAST PS mode consumes slightly more power than the standard PS mode, but can operate at
higher rates (close to 54gR rates). The difference between FAST PS and PS is dependent on the usage model.
■ If there is no traffic, there is no difference.
■ If the traffic is a steady stream (some packets every DTIM), there is no difference.
■ If the traffic is a stream that happens less often than every DTIM, then the adapter consumes more power in FAST PS
mode and less power but with more latency in PS mode. The power difference depends on the frequency of traffic.

wl PM [<value>]

Parameters
value

Value Description
0 CAM (constantly awake)
1 PS (power-save)
2 FAST PS mode

Returns
The power management mode

5.9 promisc
Enables or disables promiscuous mode operation.

wl promisc <value>

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 Configuration

Parameters
value

Value Description
0 Disable
1 Enable

5.10 rifs
Enables or disables Reduced Inter-Frame Spacing (RIFS).

wl rifs [<value>]

Parameters
value

Value Description
0 Disable
1 Enable

Returns
On/Off of the RIFS setting

5.11 rtsthresh
Gets or sets the RTS threshold value.

wl rtsthresh [<value>]

Parameters
value

Value Description
2347 (0x92b) Default
0 to4000 (0xfa0) Range

Returns
The RTS threshold

5.12 slow_timer
Gets or sets the PHY watchdog timer for less frequent tasks.

wl slow_timer [<time_val>]

Parameters
time_val The timer value in microseconds

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 Configuration

Returns
None

5.13 srl
Gets or sets the retry limit of frames shorter than the RTS threshold.

wl srl <limit>

Parameters
limit
1–255

Returns
The retry limit of frames shorter than the RTS threshold
If limit is reduced, frames are discarded more quickly, making the buffer space requirement lower. If increased,
retransmitting up to the limit takes longer and may cause TCP to throttle back on the data rate.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 23

 6. Antenna Controls

6.1 antdiv
Gets or sets the antenna diversity protocol to use during signal reception.

wl antdiv <value>

Parameters
value

Value Description
0 Force use of antenna 1.
1 Force use of antenna 2.
3 Automatic selection of antenna diversity.

Returns
The antenna diversity protocol during reception
Antenna diversity enhances receiver performance by overcoming multipath effects that are a function of antenna location,
radiation pattern, and polarization. Providing antenna diversity increases the likelihood of successfully receiving a signal
when one antenna is experiencing a deep or flat multipath-induced fade.

6.2 txant
Gets or sets the antenna to use during signal transmission.

wl txant <value>

Parameters
value
The antenna to use during signal transmission:

Value Description
0 Force use of antenna 1.
1 Force use of antenna 2.
Use the receive antenna selection that was in force during the most recently received good
3
PLCP header.

Returns
The antenna usage during transmission

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 24

 7. 802.11n-Specific

7.1 ampdu
When set, sets both AMPDU TX and RX aggregation.
When get, returns the AMPDU TX state with the assumption that AMPDU RX has to be supported by default. Can only be
modified when the driver is down.

wl ampdu [<enable>]

Parameters
enable

Value Description
1 Enabled
2 Disabled

7.2 ampdu_tx
When set, sets AMPDU TX aggregation.
When get, returns the AMPDU TX state. Can only be modified when the driver is down.

wl ampdu_tx [<enable>]

Parameters
enable

Value Description
1 Enabled
2 Disabled

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 802.11n-Specific

7.3 ampdu_rx
When set, sets AMPDU RX aggregation.
When get, returns the AMPDU RX state. Can only be modified when the driver is down.

wl ampdu_rx [<enable>]

Parameters
enable

Value Description
1 Enabled
2 Disabled

7.4 ampdu_mpdu
Gets or sets the maximum number of MPDU in the AMPDU mode.

wl ampdu_mpdu [<unit>]

Parameters
unit

Value Description
15 Default
1 Enabled
2 Disabled

7.5 mimo_bw_cap
Sets or clears the supported channel bandwidth in the high throughput (HT) capability information field.

wl mimo_bw_cap [<capability>]

Parameters
capability

Value Description
0 20 MHz in both bands
1 40 MHz in both bands
2 20 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band and 40 MHz in the 5 GHz band

7.6 mimo_txbw
Gets or sets the MIMO frame TX bandwidth.

wl mimo_txbw [<type>]

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 802.11n-Specific

Parameters
type

Value Description
2 20 MHz
3 20 MHz upper
4 40 MHz
5 40 MHz dup

7.7 mimo_ps
Gets or sets the MIMO power save mode.

wl mimo_ps [<mode>]

Parameters
mode

Value Description
0 MIMO PS (MIMO disallowed)
1 Proceed MIMO with an RTS frame
2 Not applicable
3 MIMO PS (no restriction)

Returns
MIMO power save mode

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 802.11n-Specific

7.8 nmode
Gets or sets the MIMO 802.11n mode. The driver must be down before changing nmode,that is,
wl down; wl nmode 0; wl up.

wl nmode [<arg>]

Parameters
arg

Value Description
0 N mode disable
1 N mode enable

Returns
The 802.11n mode from a get operation

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 8. 802.11ac-Specific

8.1 bw_cap
Gets or sets the bandwidth capabilities per band.

wl bw_cap [band][cap]

Parameters
band

Value Description
2g 2.4 GHz band.
5g 5 GHz band.

cap

Value Description
0x1 20 MHz
0x3 20 MHz and 40 MHz
0x7 20 MHz, 40 MHz, and 80 MHz
0xff Unrestricted bandwidth

Returns
The bandwidth caps per band.

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 802.11ac-Specific

8.2 interference_override
Set or get the interference mitigation mode.

wl interference_override [<arg>]

Parameters
arg

Value Description
Non-ACPHY
–1 Remove override. Override disabled.
0 None.
1 Non-WLAN.
2 WLAN manual.
3 WLAN automatic.
4 WLAN automatic with noise reduction.
ACPHY
–1 Remove override. Override disabled.
0 None.
1 Desense based on glitches.
2 Limit the packet gain based on hardware ACI.
3 Desense based on glitches and limit packet gain based on hardware ACI.

Returns
The currently selected interference mitigation mode.

8.3 mimo_preamble
Sets or gets the MIMO preamble.

wl mimo_preamble [<arg>]

Parameters
arg

Value Description
–1 Auto
0 Mixed mode
1 Greenfield mode

Returns
The currently selected MIMO preamble mode. 8.4 rxchain
Allows the selective use of RX chains on MIMO devices.

wl rxchain [<arg>]

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 802.11ac-Specific

Parameters
arg

Value Description
1 Chain 0 only
2 Chain 1 only
3 Chains 0 and 1

Returns
The RX chain currently in use.

8.5 tempsense_disable
Disables the periodic tempsense feature.

wl tempsense_disable

Parameters
None

Returns
None

8.6 txchain
Allows the selective use of TX chains on MIMO devices.

wl txchain [<arg>]

Parameters
arg

Value Description
1 Chain 0 only
2 Chain 1 only
3 Chains 0 and 1

Returns
The TX chain currently in use. 8.7 txcore
Allows users to select a PHY core mapping to spatial
streams.

wl txcore [-k <CCKcoreMask>] [-o <OFDMcoreMask>] [[-s <numStreams>] [-c <coreBitmap>]]

Options and Parameters

-k, CCKcoreMask -o, OFDMcoreMask
Used to set the CCK core mask (CCKcoreMask). Used to set the OFDM core mask (OFDMcoreMask).

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 802.11ac-Specific

-s, numStreams
Used to set the number of space-time streams (numStreams). The number of streams can range from 1 to 4.
-c, coreBitmap
Indicates the active core bitmask (coreBitmap) to use when transmitting a frame.

Returns
The PHY core mapping.
Examples:
wl txcore -k 0x1 (force the legacy IEEE 802.11b CCK rate to use core 0)
wl txcore -o 0x2 (force legacy IEEE 802.11a/g OFDM rates to use core 1)
wl txcore -s 1 -c 0x1 (force MCS single-stream rates to use core 0)
wl txcore -s 1 -c 0x2 (force MCS single-stream rates to use core 1)
wl txcore -s 1 -c 0x4 (force MCS single-stream rates to use core 2)
wl txcore -s 2 -c 0x3 (force MCS dual-stream rates to use core 0 and 1)
wl txcore -s 2 -c 0x5 (force MCS dual-stream rates to use core 0 and 2)
wl txcore -s 2 -c 0x6 (force MCS dual-stream rates to use core 1 and 2)
wl txcore -s 1 -c 0x7 (force MCS single-stream rates to be expanded to cores 0, 1, and 2)
wl txcore -s 2 -c 0x7 (force MCS dual-stream rates to be expanded to cores 0, 1, and 2)

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 802.11ac-Specific

8.8 vht_features
Enable Cypress Proprietary VHT features in a vector.
These are extensions to the IEEE 802.11ac Draft 3.0 specification. The extended VHT rate support enables all VHT MCS
rates (MCS0–MCS9) for all bandwidths (160 MHz, 80 MHz, 40 MHz and 20 MHz) in use.
IEEE 802.11ac Draft 3.0 currently prohibits using VHT in the 2.4 GHz band and prohibits specific rates, such as MCS9 in 20
MHz with one spatial stream (nss1), MCS9 in 20 MHz with two spatial streams (nss2), and MCS9 in 80 MHz with three spatial
streams (nss3). This is a permission bitmap, the final capability will be negotiated between the device and its communicating
peer.

wl vht_features [<vector>]

Parameters
vector

Bit Description
0 Enable VHT operation in the 2.4 GHz band.
1 Enable extended VHT rate support.
2–7 Reserved

Returns
A bit vector in the same form as the above vector parameter.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 33

 9. PHY, Radio, and PA Commands

9.1 phytype
Gets the PHY type.

wl phytype

Parameters
None

Returns
The PHY type as one of the following values:

Value Description
0 PHY type A
1 PHY type B
2 PHY type G
4 PHY type N
5 PHY type LPPHY
6 PHY type SSLPNPHY

9.2 phy_activecal
Show whether forced calibrations have been completed or not. See phy_activecal on page 34.

wl phy_activecal

Parameters
None

Returns

Value Description
0 No active calibrations.
1 There are active calibrations in process.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 34

 PHY, Radio, and PA Commands

9.3 phy_forcecal
Force PHY calibration to run immediately.

wl phy_forcecal [<val>]

Parameters
val

Value Description
0 Single-phase full calibration
1 Single-phase full calibration
2 Single-phase partial calibration
3 Multiphase full calibration if enabled for the module

Returns
None

9.4 phy_percal
Get or set the behavior for periodic calibration.

wl phy_percal [<mode>]

Parameters
mode

Value Description
0 Disable.
1 Single phase calibration only.
2 Enable multiphase calibration if enabled for the module.
Manual (testing mode). All driver-initiated periodic calibrations are blocked, giving phy_forcecal
3
(see phy_activecal on page 34) full control.

Returns
The current calibration mode.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 35

 PHY, Radio, and PA Commands

9.5 phy_rssi_ant
Get the moving average RSSI value over all antennas or get only one reading for the SISO PHY.

wl phy_rssi_ant

Parameters
None

Returns
The moving average RSSI value over all antennas.

Example Output:
rssi[0] -47 rssi[1] -75 rssi[2] -85

9.6 phy_txpwrctrl
Enable or disable transmit power control.

wl phy_txpwrctrl [<val>]

Parameters
mode

Value Description
0 Disable
1 Enable

Returns
The transmit power control settings.

9.7 phy_txpwrindex
Gets or sets the PHY TX power index.

wl phy_txpwrindex <index>

Parameters
index
From 0 to 127.

Returns
The current TX power index.

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 PHY, Radio, and PA Commands

9.8 phy_watchdog
Gets or sets whether the PHY watchdog is enabled or disabled.
The PHY watchdog can trigger periodically to run a calibration test. This can interfere with running the packet engine (pkteng)
for several minutes. Therefore, it is recommended to disable the watchdog before running the packet engine.

wl phy_watchdog [<val>]

Parameters
val

Value Description
0 Disable
1 Enable

Returns
Whether the PHY watchdog is currently enabled or disabled.

9.9 radio
Enables or disables the wireless radio through software.

wl radio on|off

Parameters
radio

Value Description
on Enable the wireless radio (LSB = 0).
off Disable the wireless radio (LSB = 1).

Returns
None

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 PHY, Radio, and PA Commands

9.10 sgi_rx
Gets or sets the short guard interval (SGI) advertisement in the HT IE.

wl sgi_rx [<value>]

Parameters
value

Value Description
0 RX SGI off
1 20 MHz SGI on
2 40 MHz SGI on
3 Both 20 MHz and 40 MHz SGI on

Returns
Current SGI_RX value.

9.11 stbc_rx
Controls the space-time block coding (STBC) receive capability advertisement in the HT IE.

wl stbc_rx [<value>]

Parameters
value

Value Description
0 No support
1 Single stream receive support

Returns
Current STBC_RX stat

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 PHY, Radio, and PA Commands

9.12 stbc_tx
Controls the STBC transmit capability.

wl stbc_tx [<value>]

Parameters
value

Value Description
0 Never transmit STBC frames. The STBC TX bit will not be set in the HT IE.
Auto: Transmit STBC if the peer indicates that it can receive it; there are two TX streams
–1 enabled, and auto rate has selected a single-stream rate. The STBC TX bit will be set in the HT
IE.
Enable: Force to transmit STBC only when the active TX chains are greater than 1 and auto rate
1
has selected a single-stream rate.

Returns
Current STBC_TX stat.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 39

 10. Rate Commands

10.1 a_mrate
Gets or sets of the IEEE 802.11a multicast rate.

wl a_mrate <rate>

Parameters
rate
Valid values are in Mbps with the exception of the default setting.
❐ For IEEE 802.11a: 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54.
❐ Default: –1 (automatically determine the best rate).

Returns
The 802.11a multicast rate

10.2 a_rate
Gets or sets the IEEE 802.11a unicast rate.

wl a_rate <rate>

Parameters
rate
Valid values are in Mbps with the exception of the default setting.
❐ For IEEE 802.11a: 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54.
❐ Default: –1 (automatically negotiate the best rate).

Returns
The current negotiated rate between a STA and an AP in infrastructure mode or the weighted average of the last 32
frames sent in ad-hoc mode between two stations.
Automatic negotiation is recommended. To override the current rate, issue this command with the new rate. It is
recommended that a_rate be used in the 5 GHz band.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 40

 Rate Commands

10.3 bg_rate
Gets or sets the IEEE 802.11b/g data rate.

wl bg_rate [<rate>]

Parameters
rate
Valid values are in Mbps with the exception of the default setting.
❐ For IEEE 802.11b: 1, 2, 5.5, and 11.
❐ For IEEE 802.11g: 1, 2, 5.5, 6, 9, 11, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54.
❐ Default: –1 (automatically determine the best rate).

Returns
The current IEEE 802.11b/g rate
It is recommended that bg_rate be used in the 2.4 GHz band.

10.4 mrate
Gets or sets the IEEE 802.11a/b/g multicast rate.

wl mrate <rate>

Parameters
rate
Valid values are in Mbps with the exception of the default setting.
❐ For IEEE 802.11a: 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54.
❐ For IEEE 802.11b: 1, 2, 5.5, and 11.
❐ For IEEE 802.11g: 1, 2, 5.5, 6, 9, 11, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54.
❐ Default: –1 (automatically negotiate the best rate).

Returns
The multicast rate.

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 41

 Rate Commands

10.5 nrate
Gets or sets the legacy modulation, MCS index, or Short Training Field (STF) mode.

wl nrate -[[r <cck|ofdm>]|[m <mcs_index>]|[s <stf_mode>]]

Options and Parameters

r
Indicates that a legacy modulation follows, where cck and ofdm are the legacy modulation choices.
m
Indicates that an MCS index follows, where the mcs_index is:
❐ 0–7 for single-stream MIMO.
❐ 0–32 for multiple-stream MIMO. The actual range is limited by the number of streams, channel bandwidth, etc.
s
Indicates the STF mode, where stf_mode is one of the following:

Value Description
0 SISO (Single Input Single Output)
1 CDD (Code Division Duplexing)
2 STBC (Space-Time Block Coding); not supported
3 SDM (Space-Division Multiplexing)

Returns
Legacy modulation, MCS index, or STF mode
Example: Return from a get:
legacy rate 54 Mbps stf mode 0 auto

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 42

 Rate Commands

10.6 2g_rate
Set or get the rate override for unicast data frames in the 2.4 GHz band.

wl 2g_rate [auto|<rate>]|[[-r <rate>]|[ [-h <M>]|[vht params] [-stbc] [-l] [-g]]][-x <T>]
[-b <20|40|80>]

Options and Parameters

-r (or --rate), rate
The -r and --rate switches indicate that a legacy rate follows. The legacy rates can be any of the following: 1, 2, 5.5, 11, 6,
9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54.
-h, --ht
The -h and --ht switches indicate that a high throughput MCS index follows, where the index (M) is 0 to 23.
If desired, --ht=<M> can be used instead of -h <M>.
vht params: -v, --vht, M, -c, -s, and Nss
For the case of very high throughput, several different representations are available. In all representations, M represents
the MCS index, which can range from 0 to 9, and Nss represents the number of spatial streams, which can range from 1
to 8. The set of possible very high throughout representations that convey the same set up are shown below along with an
example when the MCS index (M) is 5 and the number of spatial streams (Nss) is 2:
-v <M>¡Ñ<Nss> (Example: -v 5¡Ñ2)
-v <M> -s <Nss> (Example: -v 5 -s 2)
-v <M> --s=<Nss> (Example: -v 5 --s=2)
--vht=<M>¡Ñ<Nss> (Example: --vht=5¡Ñ2)
--vht=<M> --s=<Nss> (Example: --vht=5 --s=2)
-c c<M>s<S> (Example: -c c5s2)
-stbc
If present, this switch indicates that Space-time Block Coding (STBC) expansion is to be used.
-x (or --exp)
The presence of either of these switches indicate a TX expansion, which is the number of TX chains beyond the minimum
number of TX chains required for the space-time streams.
-l (or --ldpc)
The presence of either of these switches indicate that a Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) is to be done.
-g (or --sgi)
The presence of either of these switches indicates that a Short Guard Interval (SGI) is to be used. A standard guard inter-
nal is otherwise used.
-b (or --bandwidth)
If either of these switches is present, the value that follows it is the transmit bandwidth to set.

Returns
The current rate override for the 2.4 GHz band or auto if no override is applied.

Examples:
wl 2g_rate auto
wl 2g_rate 18
wl 2g_rate -r 18 -b 40
wl 2g_rate -v 5x2 -g -l

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 43

 Rate Commands

10.7 2g_mrate
Set or get the rate override for multicast data frames in the 2.4 GHz band.

wl 2g_mrate [auto|<rate>]|[[-r <rate>]|[ [-h <M>]|[vht params] [-stbc] [-l] [-g]]][-x <T>]
[-b <20|40|80>]

Options and Parameters

-r (or --rate), rate
The -r and --rate switches indicate that a legacy rate follows. The legacy rates can be any of the following: 1, 2, 5.5, 11, 6,
9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54.
-h, --ht
The -h and --ht switches indicate that a high throughput MCS index follows, where the index (M) is 0 to 23. If desired, --
ht=<M> can be used instead of -h <M>.
vht params: -v, --vht, M, -c, -s, and Nss
For the case of very high throughput, several different representations are available. In all representations, M represents
the MCS index, which can range from 0 to 9, and Nss represents the number of spatial streams, which can range from 1
to 8. The set of possible very high throughout representations that convey the same set up are shown below along with an
example when the MCS index (M) is 5 and the number of spatial streams (Nss) is 2:
-v <M>¡Ñ<Nss> (Example: -v 5¡Ñ2)
-v <M> -s <Nss> (Example: -v 5 -s 2)
-v <M> --s=<Nss> (Example: -v 5 --s=2)
--vht=<M>¡Ñ<Nss> (Example: --vht=5¡Ñ2)
--vht=<M> --s=<Nss> (Example: --vht=5 --s=2)
-c c<M>s<S> (Example: -c c5s2)
-stbc
If present, this switch indicates that Space-time Block Coding (STBC) expansion is to be used.
-x (or --exp)
The presence of either of these switches indicate a TX expansion, which is the number of TX chains beyond the minimum
number of TX chains required for the space-time streams.
-l (or --ldpc)
The presence of either of these switches indicate that a Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) is to be done.
-g (or --sgi)
The presence of either of these switches indicates that a Short Guard Interval (SGI) is to be used. A standard guard inter-
nal is otherwise used.
-b (or --bandwidth)
If either of these switches is present, the value that follows it is the transmit bandwidth to set.

Returns
The current rate override for the 2.4 GHz band or auto if no override is applied.

Examples:
wl 2g_mrate auto
wl 2g_mrate 18
wl 2g_mrate -r 18 -b 40
wl 2g_mrate -v 5x2 -g -l

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 Rate Commands

10.8 5g_rate
Set or get the rate override for unicast data frames in the 5 GHz band.

wl 5g_rate [auto|<rate>]|[[-r <rate>]|[ [-h <M>]|[vht params] [-stbc] [-l] [-g]]][-x <T>]
[-b <20|40|80>]

Options and Parameters

-r (or --rate), rate
The -r and --rate switches indicate that a legacy rate follows. The legacy rates can be any of the following: 1, 2, 5.5, 11, 6,
9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54.
-h, --ht
The -h and --ht switches indicate that a high throughput MCS index follows, where the index (M) is 0 to 23. If desired, --
ht=<M> can be used instead of -h <M>.
vht params: -v, --vht, M, -c, -s, and Nss
For the case of very high throughput, several different representations are available. In all representations, M represents
the MCS index, which can range from 0 to 9, and Nss represents the number of spatial streams, which can range from 1
to 8. The set of possible very high throughout representations that convey the same set up are shown below along with an
example when the MCS index (M) is 5 and the number of spatial streams (Nss) is 2:
-v <M>¡Ñ<Nss> (Example: -v 5¡Ñ2)
-v <M> -s <Nss> (Example: -v 5 -s 2)
-v <M> --s=<Nss> (Example: -v 5 --s=2)
--vht=<M>¡Ñ<Nss> (Example: --vht=5¡Ñ2)
--vht=<M> --s=<Nss> (Example: --vht=5 --s=2)
-c c<M>s<S> (Example: -c c5s2)
-stbc
If present, this switch indicates that Space-time Block Coding (STBC) expansion is to be used.
-x (or --exp)
The presence of either of these switches indicate a TX expansion, which is the number of TX chains beyond the minimum
number of TX chains required for the space-time streams.
-l (or --ldpc)
The presence of either of these switches indicate that a Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) is to be done.
-g (or --sgi)
The presence of either of these switches indicates that a Short Guard Interval (SGI) is to be used. A standard guard inter-
nal is otherwise used.
-b (or --bandwidth)
If either of these switches is present, the value that follows it is the transmit bandwidth to set.

Returns
The current rate override for the 5 GHz band or auto if no override is applied.

Examples:
wl 5g_rate auto
wl 5g_rate 18
wl 5g_rate -r 18 -b 40
wl 5g_rate -v 5x2 -g -l

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 Rate Commands

10.9 5g_mrate
Set or get the rate override for multicast data frames in the 5 GHz band.

wl 5g_mrate [auto|<rate>]|[[-r <rate>]|[ [-h <M>]|[vht params] [-stbc] [-l] [-g]]][-x <T>]
[-b <20|40|80>]

Options and Parameters

-r (or --rate), rate
The -r and --rate switches indicate that a legacy rate follows. The legacy rates can be any of the following: 1, 2, 5.5, 11, 6,
9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54.
-h, --ht
The -h and --ht switches indicate that a high throughput MCS index follows, where the index (M) is 0 to 23. If desired, --
ht=<M> can be used instead of -h <M>.
vht params: -v, --vht, M, -c, -s, and Nss
For the case of very high throughput, several different representations are available. In all representations, M represents
the MCS index, which can range from 0 to 9, and Nss represents the number of spatial streams, which can range from 1
to 8. The set of possible very high throughout representations that convey the same set up are shown below along with an
example when the MCS index (M) is 5 and the number of spatial streams (Nss) is 2:
-v <M>¡Ñ<Nss> (Example: -v 5¡Ñ2)
-v <M> -s <Nss> (Example: -v 5 -s 2)
-v <M> --s=<Nss> (Example: -v 5 --s=2)
--vht=<M>¡Ñ<Nss> (Example: --vht=5¡Ñ2)
--vht=<M> --s=<Nss> (Example: --vht=5 --s=2)
-c c<M>s<S> (Example: -c c5s2)
-stbc
If present, this switch indicates that Space-time Block Coding (STBC) expansion is to be used.
-x (or --exp)
The presence of either of these switches indicate a TX expansion, which is the number of TX chains beyond the minimum
number of TX chains required for the space-time streams.
-l (or --ldpc)
The presence of either of these switches indicate that a Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) is to be done.
-g (or --sgi)
The presence of either of these switches indicates that a Short Guard Interval (SGI) is to be used. A standard guard inter-
nal is otherwise used.
-b (or --bandwidth)
If either of these switches is present, the value that follows it is the transmit bandwidth to set.

Returns
The current rate override for the 5 GHz band or auto if no override is applied.

Examples:
wl 5g_mrate auto
wl 5g_mrate 18
wl 5g_mrate -r 18 -b 40
wl 5g_mrate -v 5x2 -g -l

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 Rate Commands

10.10 rateset
Gets or sets the supported and basic rate-set.

wl rateset [default|all|<rateset_arg>]

Parameters
default
Use driver defaults.
all
All rates are basic rates
rateset_arg
A string of rates where at least one rate is a basic rate. All rates have units of Mbps.

Returns
The rate-set if no arguments are provided.
The list of rates is in Mbps, and each rate is optionally followed by (b) or b, both of which stand for basic rate.
Example: Basic rate
1(b) 2b 5.5 11

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 11. Security and Encryption Controls

11.1 addwep
Sets an IEEE 802.11 Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) encryption key.

wl addwep <keyindex> <keydata> [ocb | ccm] [notx] [<address>]

Parameters
keyindex
Typically 1–4
keydata
5, 13, or 16-bytes (or 10, 26, 32, or 64 hexadecimal digits)
ocb
Key type is AES-OCB (i.e., the key is for use with AES-OCB encryption)
ccm
Key type is AES-CCM (i.e., the key is for use with AES-CCM encryption)
notx
Indicates that the key should not be transmitted.
address
Ethernet address associated with the key being set

Returns
None
Issuing this command results in the sending of OID_802_11_ADD_WEP OID, which requests the miniport driver to set an
IEEE 802.11 WEP key to the value specified.
The encryption algorithm is automatically selected based on the key size. The key type is accepted only when the key length
is 16 bytes (or 32 hexadecimal digits) and specifies whether AES-OCB or AES-CCM encryption is used. The default is AES-
CCM.

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 Security and Encryption Controls

11.2 auth
Gets or sets the IEEE 802.11 authentication type.

wl auth [<value>]

Parameters
value

Value Description
0 Open system
1 Shared key

Returns
The IEEE 802.11 authentication type

11.3 authorize
Restricts traffic to IEEE 802.1x packets.

wl authorize

Parameters
None

Returns
The authorized STA MAC address (for example, 60:A8:83:BF:01:00)

11.4 deauthorize
Does not restrict traffic to IEEE 802.1x packets.

wl deauthorize

Parameters
None

Returns
The deauthorized AP’s MAC address (for example, A0:7C:87:BF:01:00)

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 Security and Encryption Controls

11.5 eap
Gets or sets whether to restrict traffic to IEEE 802.1x packets until IEEE 802.1x authorization succeeds.

wl eap [<mode>]

Parameters
mode

Value Description
0 Disable (do not restrict packets)
1 Enable (restrict packets)

Returns
Whether traffic is restricted to IEEE 802.1x packets until IEEE 802.1x authorization succeeds.

11.6 macmode
Sets the mode of the MAC source address list.

wl macmode <value>

Parameters
value

Value Description
0 Disable MAC address matching.
1 Deny association to stations on the MAC list.
2 Allow association to stations on the MAC list.

Returns
None

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 Security and Encryption Controls

11.7 pmkid_info
Gets the PMK ID table.

wl pmkid_info

Options and Parameters

Value Description
-s <S> The SSID (represented by S) to scan.
-t [active | passive] The scan type.
--bss_type [bss/infra |
The bss type to scan.
ibss/adhoc]
The MAC-particular BSSID address to scan, where MAC is an address of the form
-b <MAC>
xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx.
-n <N> The number of probes (N) per scanned channel.
-a <N> The dwell time per channel (N) for active scanning.
-p <N> The dwell time per channel (N) for passive scanning.
-h <N> The dwell time for the home channel (N) between channel scans.
-c <L> The comma- or space-separated list (L) of channels to scan.

Returns
None

11.8 primary_key
Gets or sets the primary encryption key index.

wl primary_key <keyindex>

Parameters
keyindex
Typically 1–4

Returns
The primary encryption key associated with index if a primary key was previously set.

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 Security and Encryption Controls

11.9 rmwep
Removes the encryption key at the specified index.

wl rmwep <keyindex>

Parameters
keyindex
Typically 1–4

Returns
None

11.10 set_pmk
Sets the Pairwise Master Key (PMK) passphrase in the driver-resident supplicant.

wl set_pmk <passphrase> <length>

Parameters
passphrase
PMK passphrase
length
8–64 (PMK passphrase length, in bytes)

Returns
None

11.11 wepstatus
Gets or sets the Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) status.

wl wepstatus [on|off]

Parameters
on
Enable WEP
off
Disable WEP

Returns
WEP status from a get operation

11.12 wpa_auth
Sets the WPA. authorization mode.

wl wpa_auth [<value>]

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 Security and Encryption Controls

Parameters
value

Value Description
1 WPA-NONE
2 WPA-802.1X/WPA-Professional
4 WPA-PSK/WPA-Persona

Returns
The WPA authorization mode

11.13 wpa_cap
Gets or sets whether IEEE 802.11i Robust Security Network (RSN) is on or off.

wl wpa_cap [on|off]

Parameters
on
Turns the RSN capability on.
off
Turns the RSN capability off.

Returns
0 if the capability is off.
1 if the capability is on.

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 Security and Encryption Controls

11.14 wsec
Gets or sets the wireless security bit vector.

wl wsec [<vector>]

Parameters
vector

Value Description
Bit 0 WEP enabled
Bit 1 TKIP enabled
Bit 2 AES enabled
Bit 3 WSEC in software

Returns
A bit vector in the same form as the above vector parameter

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 12. Scan Engine Control

12.1 passive
Sets the scan engine to passive mode.

wl passive

Parameters
None

Returns
None

12.2 scan
Initiates a scan. The default scan is an active scan across all channels for any SSID.

wl scan

Parameters
None

Returns
None
To check the result of the scan use scanresults on page 57.

12.3 scan_channel_time
Gets or sets the scan association time.

wl scan_channel_time [<time>]

Parameters
time
0 to 65535. Default is 20.

Returns
The scan channel time

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 Scan Engine Control

12.4 scan_home_time
Gets or sets the scan home channel dwell time.

wl scan_home_time [<time>]

Parameters
time
0 to 65535. Default is 45.

Returns
The scan home channel dwell time

12.5 scan_nprobes
Gets or sets the number of probes to use (per channel scanned).

wl scan_nprobes [<number>]

Parameters
number
Default is 2.

Returns
The number of probes to use

12.6 scan_passive_time
Gets or sets the passive scan channel dwell time.

wl scan_passive_time [<time>]

Parameters
time
Dwell time in milliseconds. The range is 10 to 1000, and the default is 3.

Returns
The passive scan channel dwell time

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 Scan Engine Control

12.7 scan_unassoc_time
Gets or sets the unassociated scan channel dwell time.

wl scan_unassoc_time [<time>]

Parameters
time
0 to 65535. Default is 40.

Returns
The unassociated scan channel dwell time

12.8 scanresults
Gets the results of the last scan.

wl scanresults

Parameters
None

Returns
Basic network information on the APs and STAs discovered during a scan.
Example:
SSID: Cypress
Mode: Managed RSSI: -78 dBm noise: -65 dBm Channel: 40
BSSID: 00:10:18:90:2D:61 Capability: ESS
Supported Rates: [ 6(b) 9 12(b) 18 24(b) 36 48 54 ]
The wl scan command must be issued before this command.

12.9 scansuppress
Gets or sets whether scanning is suppressed.

wl scansuppress [<value>]

Parameters
value

Value Description
0 Allow scans
1 Suppress scans

Returns
The scan suppression status

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 13. Association

13.1 assoc
Gets information about the network association.

wl assoc

Parameters
None

Returns
Network association information
Example: Command response to standard output
Associated with bssid: 00:10:18:90:27:7B SSID: "paul"
Last association request:
Capabilities: ESS ShortPre ShortSlot
Listen Interval: 10
SSID: "paul"
Supported Rates: [1(b) 2(b) 5.5(b) 11(b) 18 24 36 54]
ID(21): 08 0F
ID(24): 01 0E

13.2 assoc_info
Gets the associated request and response information (STA only).

wl assoc_info

Parameters
None

Returns
Association request and response information

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 Association

13.3 assoc_pref
Gets or sets an association preference.

wl assoc_pref [auto|a|b|g]

Parameters
auto
Preference is a function of software
a
Prefer IEEE 802.11a associations
b
Prefer IEEE 802.11b associations
g
Prefer IEEE 802.11g associations

Returns
The currently configured association preference from a get operation

13.4 bi
Gets or sets the beacon interval (BI).

wl bi [<interval>]

Parameters
interval
32-bit unsigned integer in milliseconds

Returns
The beacon interval in milliseconds

13.5 bssid
Gets the BSS ID.

wl bssid

Parameters
None

Returns
The 48-bit MAC address of an AP’s WLAN interface that serves the stations in a basic service set (BSS).

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 Association

13.6 cap
Gets the capabilities of the driver.

wl cap

Parameters
None

Returns
The driver capabilities
Example: output
sta afterburner

13.7 closed
Hides the network from active scans.

wl closed <open_hide>

Parameters
open_hide

Value Description
0 Open
1 Hide

Returns
None

13.8 disassoc
Disassociates from the current BSS or IBSS.

wl disassoc

Parameters
None

Returns
None

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 Association

13.9 join
Joins a specified network SSID.

wl join <ssid> [key <xxxxx>] [imode bss|infra|ibss|adhoc]

[amode open|shared|wpa|wpapsk|wpa2|wpa2psk|wpanone]

Parameters
ssid
The SSID of the network to be joined
xxxxx
The WEP key value if joining an encrypted network
imode
Infrastructure mode

Value Description
bss or infra Indicates that the network to join is an infrastructure network.
ibss or adhoc Indicates that the network to join is an adhoc network.

amode
Authentication mode
open
shared
wpa
wpapsk
wpa2
wpa2psk
wpanone

Returns
None
Example: join KILROY imode infra amode open
The authentication mode can be open or shared. Under shared-key authentication, each wireless station is assumed to have
received a secret shared key over a secure channel that is independent from the IEEE 802.11 wireless network
communications channel.

13.10 reassoc
Reassociates (roams) to the AP with the specified BSSID.

wl reassoc <bssid>

Parameters
bssid
The BSSID of the AP to reassociate with

Returns
None

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 Association

13.11 shortslot
Gets or sets the IEEE 802.11g short-slot timing mode.

wl shortslot [<mode>]

Parameters
mode

Value Description
0 Long
1 Short

Returns
Short-slot timing mode as:

Value Description
0 Long
1 Short

13.12 shortslot_override
Gets or sets the IEEE 802.11g short-slot timing mode override.

wl Shortslot_override [<value>]

Parameters
value

Value Description
–1 Auto.
0 Short slot is off.
1 Short slot is on.

Returns
The short-slot timing mode override from a get operation

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 Association

13.13 ssid
Get or set a configuration’s SSID.

wl ssid [<ssid_string>]

Parameters
ssid_string
The SSID string to be set.

Returns
The current SSID.
A set operation initiates an association attempt if in infrastructure mode, initiates an IBSS join/create if in IBSS mode, or
creates a BSS if in AP mode.
Example: set: wl ssid testnetwork results in display of Setting SSID “testnetwork”
Example: get: wl ssid results in display of Current SSID: “testnetwork”

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 14. Channel and Band Control

14.1 band_range
Gets the current band range identification index number.

wl band_range

Parameters
None

Returns
The index number for band identification where:

Index Value Description

0 2.4 GHz
1 5 GHz, low band
2 5 GHz, mid band
3 5 GHz, high band

14.2 band
Gets or sets the band.

wl band [<auto>]

Parameters
value

Value Description
auto Automatically switch between available bands (default)
a Force use of IEEE 802.11a band
b Force use of IEEE 802.11b band

Returns
The band in use.

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 Channel and Band Control

14.3 bands
Gets the list of available IEEE 802.11 bands.

wl bands

Parameters
None

Returns
The list of available IEEE 802.11 bands
Example: band list output: b a

14.4 chan_info
Gets channel information.

wl chan_info

Parameters
None

Returns
Channel information
Example: Channel information output
Channel 1 B Band
Channel 2 B Band
. .
. .
Channel 10 B Band
Channel 11 B Band
Channel 36 A Band
Channel 40 A Band
Channel 44 A Band
Channel 48 A Band
Channel 52 A Band, RADAR Sensitive, Passive
Channel 56 A Band, RADAR Sensitive, Passive
Channel 60 A Band, RADAR Sensitive, Passive
Channel 64 A Band, RADAR Sensitive, Passive
Channel 149 A Band
Channel 153 A Band
Channel 157 A Band
Channel 161 A Band
Channel 165 A Band

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 Channel and Band Control

14.5 channel
Gets or sets the working channel.

wl channel [<channel #>]

Parameters
channel #
Valid channels for 802.11a are: 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 100, 104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 132, 136, 140, 149,
153, 157, 161, 184, 188, 192, 196, 200, 204, 208, 212, 216.
Valid channels for 802.11b/g are 1–14.

Returns
None

14.6 channels
Gets the valid channels for the current settings.

wl channels

Parameters
None

Returns
The valid channels for the current configuration

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 Channel and Band Control

14.7 channels_in_country
Gets the valid channels for the country specified.

wl channels_in_country <arg1> <arg2>

Parameters
arg1
Country abbreviation
arg2
Band, which can be a or b

Returns
Valid channels for the specified country and band
Two-letter country codes:
AU Australia
BN Brunei Darussalam
CA Canada
DE Germany
EU Europeanwide AP
JP Japan
KR Korea
KW Kuwait
MX Mexico
RU Russian Federation
TW Taiwan, Province Of China
UA Ukraine
AE United Arab Emirates
US United States

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 Channel and Band Control

14.8 chanspec
This command applies to all currently shipping chip sets that have IEEE 802.11 capability. Sets or gets the channel based on
the IEEE 802.11n channel allocation specifications.

wl chanspec [-c <channel> -b <band> -w <bandwidth> -s <sideband>] (Usage 1)

wl chanspec [<channel>[band] [bandwith][sideband]] (Usage 2)

Options and Parameters

channel
Usage1 and 2:
0–224
band
Usage 1:

Value Description
2 2.4 GHz. (This is the default if the channel is 14 or less.)
5 5 GHz.

Usage 2:

Value Description
b 2.4 GHz. (This is the default if the channel is 14 or less.)
a 5 GHz.

bandwidth
Usage 1 and Usage 2:

Value Description
20 20 MHz
40 40 MHz

Note: Regarding Usage 2: If no bandwidth is specified, then the bandwidth is determined by the sideband entry.
Note: If the band, bandwidth, and sideband are not specified, then the default is 20 MHz with no sideband. The band is 2.4
GHz for channels 1–14 and 5 GHz for channels above channel 14.
sideband
Usage 1:
Identifies which adjacent channel to use when the bandwidth is 40 MHz.

Value Description
–1 Low (or lower) sideband (applies to a 40 MHz channel bandwidth).
0 No sideband (for 20 MHz channel bandwidth).
1 High (or upper) sideband (applies to a 40 MHz channel bandwidth).

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 Channel and Band Control

Usage 2:

Value Description
u Upper sideband (applies to a 40 MHz channel bandwidth).
l Lower sideband (applies to a 40 MHz channel bandwidth).

Note: Regarding Usage 2: If no sideband is entered, then the channel bandwidth is 20 MHz.

Returns
The IEEE 802.11n channel specification
Example: Usage 1
wl chanspec -c 7 -b 2 -w 20 -s 0
wl chanspec -c 7 -b 2 -w 40 -s -1
Example: Usage 2
wl chanspec 7
wl chanspec 7u

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 15. Roam Control

15.1 prb_resp_timeout
Gets or sets the probe response timeout.

wl prb_resp_timeout [<time>]

Parameters
time
Response timeout in milliseconds. The range is 0 to 116, and the default is 0.

Returns
The probe response timeout from a get operation

15.2 roam_delta
Gets or sets the roam candidate qualification delta.

wl roam_delta [<integer>] a|b

Parameters
integer
The RSSI roam delta in dB. It must be an integer.
a/b
Optional band to which the roam delta is applied.

Returns
The roam candidate qualification delta

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 Roam Control

15.3 roam_scan_period
Get or set the roam candidate scan period.

wl roam_scan_period [<integer>]

Parameters
integer
The roam candidate scan period in milliseconds

Returns
The roam candidate scan period

15.4 roam_off
Enables or disables WLAN STA roaming.

wl roam_off [<stat>]

Parameters
stat

Value Description
0 Roaming is on (default).
1 Roaming is off.

Returns
The roaming on/off state

15.5 roam_trigger
Gets or sets the RSSI roam trigger threshold.

wl roam_trigger [<integer>] a|b

Parameters
integer
The roam-trigger power level in dBm at the receiver input. It must be an integer.
a/b
Optional band to which the roam trigger is applied.

Returns
The roam-trigger threshold
Example:
wl roam_trigger –75 (sets the roam trigger to –75 dBm).

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 16. Test and Measurements

16.1 cis_source
Gets the NVRAM medium.

wl cis_source

Parameters
None

Returns

Value Description
0 Default
1 SROM
2 OTP (One-time programmable memory)

16.2 cisdump
Gets the binary content of the Card Information Structure (CIS).

wl cisdump <option>

Parameters
option
–b <filename>.
IOVAR directs binary output to the file specified by filename.

Returns
A buffer with a display of the CIS content for functions 0 through 2, regardless of the content source, that is, regardless of
whether it is OTP memory or not.
Example: Return output
Source 2 (Internal OTP)
Byte 0: 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
Byte 8: 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
Byte 16: 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
Byte 24: 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
...
Byte 88: 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
Byte 96: 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
Byte 104: 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
Byte 112: 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
...

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 Test and Measurements

16.3 ciswrite
Writes the contents of a supplied binary file into NVRAM. (See cis_source on page 72.)

wl ciswrite <binary_file>

Parameters
None

Returns
None

16.4 Command Batching

Command batching is a mechanism whereby multiple IOCTL commands, with possible delays inserted, are sent to the driver.
The driver doesn't actually run the IOCTLs until it has received the entire list.
The client machine executes a command batch sequence by:
■ Sending a seq_start to mark the start of a sequence.
■ Sending the appropriate IOCTLs and IOVARs with seq_delays inserted, if necessary.
■ Sending a seq_stop to mark the end of a sequence.
The driver queues all IOCTLs and IOVARs until it receives seq_stop.

16.4.1 seq_delay
Indicates a time interval that the driver should delay before processing the next command.

wl seq_delay time_msec

Parameters
time_msec
Delay value in the range 1–10000 msec

IOVAR Support
Set only

Notes
None

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 Test and Measurements

16.4.2 seq_error_index
Retrieves the index of the command that failed within a command sequence. Index starts at 1.

wl seq_error_index

Parameters
None

IOVAR Support
Get only

Notes
A UINT32 is returned.

16.4.3 seq_start
Marks the start of command batching or queueing. This is a set IOVAR. Get IOVAR is not supported.

wl seq_start

Parameters
None

IOVAR Support
Set only

Notes
None

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 Test and Measurements

16.4.4 seq_stop
Marks the end of command batching or queueing.

wl seq_stop

Parameters
None

IOVAR Support
Set only

Notes
The firmware starts processing the commands sequentially, starting from the head of the queue.
Example: Sample batch command usage sequence.
wl seq_start
wl channel 5
wl scan
wl join ¡§helloworld¡¨
wl seq_stop
wl seq_error_index

16.5 country
Gets or sets the country code for use with IEEE 802.11d.

wl country [cc | [list] [a|b]]

Parameters
cc
Country code to enter during a set. This is the only parameter used during a set operation.
list
Provides a list of all country codes that the system will support. Used during get operations.
band a|b

Value Description
a 5 GHz
b 2.4 GHz

Returns
The current country code setting or a list of possible country code settings if used with list and/or band

Notes
Use either a long name or the appropriate ISO 3166 abbreviation.
Using wl country with no parameters returns the currently set country code.

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 Test and Measurements

16.6 curpower
Gets the current TX power settings.

wl curpower

Options
–q
quiet: estimated power only

Returns
The current TX power settings

16.7 fqacurcy
Sets the frequency accuracy mode for manufacturing test purposes.

wl fqacurcy <channel>

Parameters
channel
1–14 or 0 to stop the test

Returns
None
This command is used to measure carrier center-frequency accuracy. While in this mode, a spectrum analyzer can be used to
measure frequency accuracy within a specific channel.
This command is used during testing. When done testing, be sure to type wl fqacurcy 0 followed by a wl up.

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 Test and Measurements

16.8 interference
Gets or sets the interference mitigation mode.

wl interference <mode>

Parameters
mode

Value Description
0 None
Non-WLAN. When enabled, makes the receiver less sensitive. This is used to avoid strong non-
1 IEEE 802.11 interference, such as from 2.4 GHz phones, 2.4 GHz audio/visual wireless transmit-
ters, and non-wireless devices in the same band.
WLAN manual. Enable Adjacent Channel Interference (ACI) mode. A manual setting that makes
2
the receiver less sensitive to IEEE 802.11 traffic on adjacent channels at some cost to sensitivity.
3 WLAN automatic. Automatic ACI¡Xthe driver determines whether ACI should be enabled.

Returns
The interference mode

Notes
Automatic WLAN interference mitigation is enabled and not active.

16.9 Packet Engine Controls

The packet engine is only available with manufacturing test and internal builds. It can be used in one of the following modes:
■ TX mode: In this mode, the DUT transmits data packets of configurable length with configurable Inter-frame Spacing (IFS)
(in microseconds). It will transmit the number of packets specified. If this number is zero, it will transmit packets
continuously. The same packet is transmitted with an incremental sequence number. The retry bit in the frame control is
not set for any frame. There is no backoff procedure after a frame is transmitted. If the packet engine is put in TX mode, it
must be stopped before putting it back in TX mode.
■ TX mode with ACK: In this mode, the device transmits data packets the same way as it does while in TX mode, and it will
also update the rxdfrmucastmbss count.
■ RX Mode: In this mode, the device listens to the frames sent to the specified MAC address. The sequence number of
frames into the DUT must increment. In this mode, ACKs will not be sent from the DUT. The IFS and frame count are
ignored in this mode. The lost frames are counted based on the sequence number of the frames successfully received.
■ RX mode with ACK: In this mode, the DUT will send an ACK to the dummy MAC address upon receipt of packets destined
for the DUT. Everything else is the same as in RX mode.
The DUT does not perform its normal network functionality when operating in any of the above modes.

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 Test and Measurements

16.9.1 pkteng_start
Starts packet transmission or reception.

wl pkteng_start <des_addr> [tx|txwithack] [sync|asyn] [<ipg>] [<length>] [<framecnt>]

[<src_addr>]
wl pkteng_start des_addr [rx|rxwithack] [sync|asyn] [<framecnt>] [<time_out>]

Options
des_addr
In TX mode, this is the destination MAC address of the dummy MAC address. (This is different from the DUT MAC
address.).
In RX mode, this is the DUT’s Ethernet MAC address. (Frames destined for this address are accepted.)
In RX mode with ACK, the DUT accepts frames with this address and responds to each with an ACK.
In TX mode with ACK, the DUT acknowledges the number of packets transmitted.
rx
Enable the packet engine’s RX mode.
tx
Enable the packet engine’s TX mode.
rxwithack
Enable the packet engine’s RX with ACK mode.
txwithack
Enable the packet engine’s TX with ACK mode.
sync
Forces the packet engine call to operate in synchronize mode. Do not choose the sync option when the DUT is set to
transmit continuously because this will cause the host system to freeze.
asyn
The packet engine call returns after a predefined arbitrary delay that follows the completion of transmission or reception.
By default, this is set when the sync mode is not set.
ipg
Inter-packet gap in microseconds. Only used in TX mode. Value range is 20–1000 ms.
length
The number of bytes in each frame.
framecnt
In transmit mode, this is the number of frames to be transmitted. If set to 0, the DUT will transmit continuously. In receive
sync mode, this is the number of expected packets.
time_out
In receive sync mode, this is the time interval over which all expected packets should be received. (The value entered is in
milliseconds and it should not exceed 3 seconds.)
src_addr
In TX mode, this is the MAC address of the DUT (transmission source). In RX mode, this is the MAC address of the refer-
ence transmission source. (This option is usually omitted.)

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 Test and Measurements

16.9.2 pkteng_stats
Displays packet statistics.

wl pkteng_stats

Options
None

16.9.3 pkteng_stop
Stops packet transmission or reception.

wl pkteng_stop [tx|rx]

Options
tx
Stop transmitting packets.
rx
Stop receiving packets.

Usage Examples
Example
To transmit 1000 frames of 200 bytes with a 30 ƒÝs IFS:
wl pkteng_start 10:20:30:40:50:60 tx 30 200 1000
Example
To continuously transmit 1000-byte frames with a 40 ƒÝs IFS:
wl pkteng_start 10:20:30:40:50:60 tx 40 1000 0

Usage Sequence
Example
A sample packet engine usage sequence:
wl mpc 0
wl up
wl phy_watchdog 0
wl pkteng_start [addr] [tx|rxwithack|rx] [ipg] [length] [framecnt]
wl pkteng_stop [tx|rx]
wl pkteng_stats

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 Test and Measurements

16.10 pwr_percent
Gets or sets the output power percentage referenced to a full power percentage of 100%.

wl pwr_percent [<arg1>]

To set a transmission power percentage that is 60 percent of full power, issue the following command:
wl pwr_percent 60
To get the percentage of full transmission power currently being used, issue the following command:
wl pwr_percent

Parameters
arg1
The percentage of full transmission power to set. Range is 0–100.

Returns
The percentage of full transmit power.

16.11 rssi
Gets the latest RSSI value.
The MAC layer operates together with the physical layer by sampling transmitted energy. The PHY uses a clear channel
assessment (CCA) algorithm to determine if the channel is clear. This is accomplished by measuring the received signal
strength at the antenna. This measured signal is commonly known as the RSSI. If the received signal strength is below a
specified threshold, then the channel is declared clear, and the MAC layer is given the clear channel status for data
transmission. If the RF energy is above the threshold, data transmissions are deferred in accordance with protocol rules. The
standard provides another option for CCA that can be alone or with the RSSI measurement.

wl rssi

Parameters
None

Returns
The current RSSI value

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 Test and Measurements

16.12 spect
Gets or sets the IEEE 802.11h spectrum management mode.

wl spect[<arg1>]

Parameters
arg1

Value Description
0 Off
1 Loose interpretation of the IEEE 802.11h spec. May join non-IEEE 802.11h compliant APs.
2 Strict interpretation of the IEEE 802.11h spec. May not join non-IEEE 802.11h compliant APs.
3 Disable IEEE 802.11h and enable IEEE 802.11d.
Loose interpretation of the IEEE 802.11h and IEEE 802.11d specifications. May join non-IEEE
4
802.11h APs.

Returns
One of the five IEEE 802.11h spectrum management modes identified in the parameters section.

16.13 txpwr1
Gets or sets the transmit power using one of three unit definitions.

wl txpwr1 [-d|-q|-m] <value>] [-o]

Options and Parameters

Value Description
–d Use dBm for power units.
–q Use quarter dBm for power units.
–m Use milliwatts for power units.
–o Used to override regulatory and other power-constraint limits.
value dBm range:0–20 (typical). Quarter dBm range:0–80 (typical). mW range:1–100 (not frequently used).

Returns
None
Note: Can be combined with –o to turn on override to disable regulatory and other limitations.

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 17. Gmode Controls

17.1 gmode
Gets or sets the 54gR mode.

wl gmode [<mode>]

Parameters
mode

Value Description
Rate set: 1b, 2b, 5.5b, 11b, 18, 24, 36, and 54
Extended Rate set: 6, 9, 12, and 48
Auto
Preamble: Long
Shortslot: Auto
GOnly Rate set: 1b, 2b, 5.5b, 6, 9, 11, 12, 18, 24, 36,48, and 54
Rate set: 1b, 2b, 5.5, and 11
LegacyB Preamble: Long
Shortslot: Off
Rate set: 1b, 2b, 5.5, and 11 (CCK only)
Extended Rate set: 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54
LRS
Preamble: Long
Shortslot: Auto
Rate set: 1b, 2b, 5.5b, 6b, 9, 11b, 12b, 18, 24b, 36, 48, and 54
Performance Preamble: Short required
Shortslot: On and required

Returns
The 54g mode
Note: A lowercase b following a rate, such as 1b and 2b, indicates that the rate is a basic rate.

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 Gmode Controls

17.1.1 Auto [Default]

This mode allows for maximum compatibility and is fully 802.11g specification compliant.
All twelve 802.11g rates will be advertised: 1b, 2b, 5.5b, 6, 9, 11b, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54, but the basic rate set will only
include 1, 2, 5.5, and 11, so that legacy 802.11b clients can associate (no-OFDM).
This mode defaults to high-speed 802.11g operation by using short-slot timing. The AP will switch to long-slot timing if an
802.11b or an 802.11g client that does not support short-slot timing enters the network.
In this mode, the AP will advertise short-slot timing in the beacon frames. As long as there are only 11g clients associated,
short-slot timing will be used and throughput will be high.
If a client that does not support short-slot timing (e.g., a legacy 11b client) joins the BSS, the AP will cease to advertise short-
slot timing. All STA devices in the BSS will then start to use the normal 11b interpacket timings. If all non-short-slot timing
STAs leave the BSS, the AP and remaining STAs will then begin to use short-slot timing again.
Summary:
■ Use of 802.11g short-slot timing is automatic.
■ If no 802.11b clients are associated, short-slot timing is used.
■ If an 802.11b client associates, then the AP uses long-slot timing.
■ Since no OFDM rates are in the basic rate set, the maximum 802.11g performance is not available.

17.1.2 LegacyB
When operating in LegacyB g-mode, only Complementary Code Keying (CCK) rates are allowed in the network, and only 1
and 2 Mbps are Basic, so legacy 802.11 devices can join (older than 802.11b). In this mode, the 11g AP or IBSS will not
include an ERP Information Element (IE) or an ESR IE. This mode is supposed to look like an early 802.11b network to allow
interoperability with devices that have trouble with any of the newer specification changes. The AP will only advertise and use
802.11b CCK rates. 802.11g clients can still associate but will only operate at 802.11b rates.
The summary of this mode is as follows:
■ Only uses 802.11 long-slot timing
■ The basic rates are only 1 and 2 Mbps, so all legacy devices can join.
■ For 802.11b networks only

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 Gmode Controls

17.1.3 LRS
When operating in LRS g-mode, all 802.11g rates are available, but only CCK rates are basic to allow 802.11 devices to join.
The rate set is split, with only four rates in the Supported Rates IE to allow interoperability with 802.11 devices that have
trouble with more than four rates in the IE. (Take the full 12 rates, throw none away, split the four CCK rates into the first rate
element, and put all the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) rates in the ESR.)
A summary of this mode is as follows:
■ Allows both short- and long-slot timings (11b and 11g).
■ No 802.11 devices (legacy) can join.
■ Supports devices which can only handle 4 CCK rates in the rate set.

17.1.4 Performance
When operating in this gmode, all twelve 802.11g rates are available and the rates are not split. OFDM basic rates are
present, so CCK-only (802.11b) devices cannot join.
The rates are not split so that legacy 54g drivers can see all the rates, not just a good subset. Putting more than eight rates in
the Supported Rates element does not comply with the 802.11(a, b, or g) specifications, but it works with all Cypress drivers.
Short preambles and short-slot support are required to join. Short-slot operation is always on in the network. Short-slot
attention is not given to overlapping BSSs.
Summary:
■ Use of 802.11g short-slot timing is mandated.
■ Use of 802.11g short preamble is mandated.
■ 802.11b clients cannot associate because of the above two mandates.
■ Designed to use the maximum bandwidth on 11g-only
network topology.

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 Gmode Controls

17.2 gmode_protection
Gets or sets gmode protection.

wl gmode_protection [on|off]

Features:
■ Protection mechanisms are enabled automatically when an 11b STA joins the BSS.
■ If no 11b STA joins, then no protection mechanisms are used, and full 11g performance is attained.
■ The default protection mechanism is not CTS-to-self.
■ Typing this command without any parameters displays “gmode_protection is 0 (off)” on the console.
The 802.11g standard uses OFDM to attain its high data speed. To protect 802.11b users, 802.11g is required to send a
protection signal that is based on the longer CCK.
Omitting the protection signal ensures high data speeds for 11g users at the cost of locking out 802.11b users.
Without protection, an 802.11b user will be blocked by an invisible flow of 802.11g data and may assume that the wireless
network has crashed.
Other considerations include:
■ In a mixed environment, that is, ERP and Legacy PHYs (11, 11b and 11g coexisting), protection mechanism use is
required.
■ ERP-only STAs use a short-slot time to improve performance.
■ The 11g spec defines a gmode protection mechanism, which involves prefixing each OFDM data frame with an RTS/CTS
CCK frame sequence. The duration fields of the RTS and CTS frames should allow the 11b node to correctly set its NAV
and avoid collisions with the subsequent OFDM frames.
■ Per spec, the RTS/CTS frames should be sent at one of the basic rates with a CCK-only basic rate set.
■ STA behavior automatically honors the bit announced in BSS beacons, so no configuration is needed on the STA side.

Parameters
On or off during a set

Returns

Value Description
0 Protection mechanisms disabled.
1 Protection mechanisms enabled.

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 Gmode Controls

17.3 gmode_protection_control
Gets or sets the IEEE 802.11g protection mode control algorithm.

wl gmode_protection_control [<option>]

Parameters
option

Value Description
0 Always off.
1 Monitor local association.
2 Monitor overlapping BSS.

Returns
The protection mode control algorithm as described in the parameters section.

17.4 gmode_protection_cts
Gets or sets the IEEE 802.11g protection type to CTS.

wl gmode_protection_cts [on|off]

Parameters
on/off

Value Description
on Enable CTS protection.
off Disable CTS protection.

Returns
Whether CTS protection is enabled or disabled.

Value Description
0 Disabled
1 Enabled

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 Gmode Controls

17.5 gmode_protection_override
Gets or sets the IEEE 802.11g protection mode override.

wl gmode_protection_override [<option>]

There are three modes:

■ No protection (default in 54g). This is configured with wl gmode_protection_override 0.
■ RTS/CTS when legacy IEEE 802.11b associated. This is configured with:
❐ wl ignore_bcns TRUE (default)
❐ wl gmode_protection_override -1 (AUTO /default)
■ RTS/CTS when an overlapping legacy IEEE 802.11b device is detected [ignore_bcns = FALSE, may be required for Wi-Fi
for IEEE 802.11g]. This is configured with:
❐ wl ignore_bcns FALSE
❐ wl gmode_protection_override -1 (AUTO /default)

Parameters
option

Value Description
Automatic – Protection is automatically used if either an IEEE 802.11b STA associates to the AP
–1
or if the AP detects another legacy IEEE 802.11b BSS.
0 Off – Disable protection on the 54g AP such that it will never be used.
1 On – Enable protection on the 54g AP such that it will always be used.

Returns
The IEEE 802.11g protection mode override.

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 Gmode Controls

17.6 legacy_erp
Gets or sets the IEEE 802.11g legacy ERP inclusion.

wl legacy_erp [<enable>]

This command is used to get or set the driver’s legacy ERP inclusion flag for non-ERP element advertisement. If the flag is
set, then the Legacy ERP Information Element (IE), which is ID 47, is included along with the IEEE 802.11g IE, which is ID 42.
The beacon sender shall set bit 0 (NonERP_present) and bit 1 (use_protection) for the use of this element. An ERP STA that
is aware of a non-ERP STA shall set bit 0 of the non-ERP IE to TRUE and transmit this information in a subsequent beacon
frame.

Parameters
enable

Value Description
0 Disabled
1 Enabled

Returns
The IEEE 802.11g legacy ERP inclusion flag setting.

Value Description
0 Disabled
1 Enabled

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 18. Information Element Control

18.1 add_ie
Adds a vendor-specific IE to management packets.

wl add_ie <pktflag> <length> <OUI> <hexdata>

Parameters
pktflag
A 4-bit field that indicates packets to which the IE is to be added. The bits are defined as follows:

Value Description
Bit 0 Beacons
Bit 1 Probe responses
Bit 2 Association and reassociation response
Bit 3 Authorization responses

length
Indicates the IEs byte length.
OUI
The vendors’ 3-byte organizationally unique identifier in the format xx:yy:zz.
hexdata
The remaining IE bytes with the pktflag appended to the end.

Returns
None
Example: To add a 10 byte IE to beacons and probe responses with an OUI of 00904C and remaining data of
0101050c121a03, issue the following command to add this IE to beacons and probe responses:
wl add_ie 3 10 00:90:4C 0101050c121a03

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 Information Element Control

18.2 del_ie
Deletes a vendor-specific IE from management packets.

wl del_ie <pktflag> <length> <OUI> <hexdata>

Parameters
pktflag
A 4-bit field that indicates packets to which the IE is to be added. The bits are defined as follows:

Value Description
Bit 0 Beacons
Bit 1 Probe responses
Bit 2 Association and reassociation response
Bit 3 Authorization responses

length
Indicates the IEs byte length.
OUI
The vendor 3-byte organizationally unique identifier in the format xx:yy:zz.
hexdata
The remaining IE bytes with the pktflag appended to the end.

Returns
None

18.3 list_ie
Provides the list of vendor-specific IEs.

wl list_ie

Parameters
None

Returns
The list of vendor-specific IEs

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 Revision History

Document Revision History

Revision Date Change Description
Updated:
80211-TI204-R 02/18/14 ■ By substantially revising many sections, removing several deprecated commands,
and adding several new commands.
Updated:
■ Changed the entire document to the new API format.
Added:
■ ampdu on page 29.
■ ampdu_tx on page 29.
■ ampdu_rx on page 29.
■ ampdu_mpdu on page 30.
■ mimo_bw_cap on page 30.
■ mimo_txbw on page 30.
■ rtsthresh on page 35.
80211-TI203-R 05/17/12
■ sgi_rx on page 35.
■ sgi_tx on page 36.
■ stbc_rx on page 36.
■ stbc_tx on page 37.
■ roam_off on page 64.
■ gpioout on page 66.
■ phy_txpwrindex on page 73.
Removed:
■ Regulatory from Test and Measurements on page 65.
■ lpphy_txpwrindex (BCM4325 Only) (80211-TI202-R, page 60).

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 91

 Revision Date Change Description
Updated:
■ Introduction on page 12
■ VER on page 13
■ MPC on page 13 (added)
■ COUNTERS on page 17
■ RESET_CNTS on page 20 (added)
■ EVENT_MSGS on page 21
80211-TI202-R 04/20/11 ■ STATUS on page 23
■ PM on page 25
■ RIFS on page 26 (added)
■ PHY_SCRAMINIT on page 26 (added)
■ NMODE on page 29
■ PHY_FULCAL (BCM4330 and later) on page 33 (added)
■ CHANSPEC on page 52
■ PHY_TXPWRINDEX (BCM4330 and later) on page 65
Updated
■ The entire document.
80211-TI201-R 07/30/09 Added:
■ Packet Engine Controls¡¨ on page 44.
■ Command Batching¡¨ on page 39.
80211-TI200-R 03/20/07 Initial release

Document Title: WL Tool for Embedded 802.11 Systems CYW43xx Technical Information
Document Number: 002-23156
Origin of
Revision ECN# Issue Date Description of Change
Change
** KEMA Converted to Cypress template

CYW43XX Technical Information, Document No. 002-23156 Rev. ** 92